Abstract: An electronic device includes a ferroelectric layer arranged on a channel region and a gate electrode arranged on the ferroelectric layer. The ferroelectric layer includes a plurality of first oxide monolayers and a second oxide monolayers that is arranged between the substrate and the gate electrode and include a material different from a material of the first oxide monolayers. The first oxide monolayers include oxide monolayers that are alternately formed and include materials different from one another.

Abstract: Provided is a method of fabricating a semiconductor device using a curvilinear OPC method. The method of fabricating the semiconductor device includes performing an optical proximity correction (OPC) step on a layout to generate a correction pattern, the correction pattern having a curvilinear shape, performing a mask rule check (MRC) step on the correction pattern to generate mask data, and forming a photoresist pattern on a substrate using a photomask, which is manufactured based on the mask data. The MRC step includes generating a width skeleton in the correction pattern, generating a width contour, which satisfies a specification of a mask rule for a linewidth, from the width skeleton, and adding the correction pattern and the width contour to generate an adjusting pattern.

Abstract: Provided is a ferroelectric thin-film structure including a semiconductor substrate, a first ferroelectric layer on the semiconductor substrate, and a second ferroelectric layer on the semiconductor substrate. The second ferroelectric layer is spaced apart from the first ferroelectric layer and has a different dielectric constant from the first ferroelectric layer. The first ferroelectric layer and the second ferroelectric layer may be different from each other in terms of the amount of a dopant contained therein, and may exhibit different threshold voltages when applied to transistors.

Abstract: A field-effect transistor includes a gate structure comprising a structure in which a first insulating layer, a first gate electrode, and a second insulating layer are sequentially stacked on a first conductive layer, the gate structure surrounding a first hole through the first insulating layer and exposing a part of the first conductive layer; a second conductive layer on the second insulating layer and surrounding a second hole connected to the first hole and exposing a part of the first conductive layer; a first gate insulating layer covering an inner wall of the gate structure exposed by the first hole; a semiconductor layer covering a part of the first conductive layer exposed through the first hole and the second hole, the first gate insulating layer, and the second conductive layer; a second gate insulating layer covering the semiconductor layer; and a second gate electrode filling the first and second holes.

Abstract: Provided are an electronic device and a method of manufacturing the same. The electronic device includes a ferroelectric crystallization layer between a substrate and a gate electrode and a crystallization prevention layer between the substrate and the ferroelectric crystallization layer. The ferroelectric crystallization layer is at least partially crystallized and includes a dielectric material having ferroelectricity or anti-ferroelectricity. Also, the crystallization prevention layer prevents crystallization in the ferroelectric crystallization layer from being spread toward the substrate.

Abstract: A ferroelectric thin-film structure includes at least one first atomic layer and at least one second atomic layer. The first atomic layer includes a first dielectric material that is based on an oxide, and the second atomic layer includes both the first dielectric material and a dopant that has a bandgap greater than a bandgap of the dielectric material.

Abstract: A domain switching device includes a channel region, a source region and a drain region connected to the channel region, a gate electrode isolated from contact with the channel region, an anti-ferroelectric layer between the channel region and the gate electrode, a conductive layer between the gate electrode and the anti-ferroelectric layer to contact the anti-ferroelectric layer, and a barrier layer between the anti-ferroelectric layer and the channel region.

Abstract: A neuromorphic apparatus includes a three-dimensionally-stacked synaptic structure, and includes a plurality of unit synaptic modules, each of the plurality of unit synaptic modules including a plurality of synaptic layers, each of the plurality of synaptic layers including a plurality of stacked layers, and each of the plurality of unit synaptic modules further including a first decoder interposed between two among the plurality of synaptic layers. The neuromorphic apparatus further includes a second decoder that provides a level selection signal to the first decoder included in one among the plurality of unit synaptic modules to be accessed, and a third decoder that generates an address of one among a plurality of memristers to be accessed in a memrister array of one among the plurality of synaptic layers included in the one among the plurality of unit synaptic modules to be accessed.

Abstract: A ferroelectric structure includes a first polarization enhancement film on a ferroelectric film, wherein the ferroelectric film has a first net polarization in a first direction oriented from the ferroelectric film toward the first polarization enhancement film. The first polarization enhancement film has a second net polarization in a second direction crossing the first direction.

Abstract: Provided are oxide semiconductor transistors. The oxide semiconductor transistor includes a substrate, a channel layer arranged on the substrate and having a flat plate shape extending along one plane, a gate electrode facing a part of the channel layer, and a source region and a drain region separated from each other with the gate electrode therebetween, wherein the source region contacts three or more surfaces of the channel layer, and the drain region contacts three or more surfaces of the channel layer.

Abstract: Disclosed is an operating method of an electronic device which includes receiving a design layout for manufacturing the semiconductor device, generating a first layout by performing machine learning-based process proximity correction (PPC), generating a second layout by performing optical proximity correction (OPC), and outputting the second layout for a semiconductor process. The generating of the first layout includes generating a first after cleaning inspection (ACI) layout by executing a machine learning-based process proximity correction module on the design layout, generating a second after cleaning inspection layout by adjusting the design layout based on a difference of the first after cleaning inspection layout and the design layout and executing the process proximity correction module on the adjusted layout, and outputting the adjusted layout as the first layout, when a difference between the second after cleaning inspection layout and the design layout is smaller than or equal to a threshold value.

Abstract: Disclosed are a thin film structure and an electronic device including the same. The disclosed thin film structure includes a dielectric material layer between a first material layer and a second material layer. The dielectric material layer includes a dopant in a matrix material having a fluorite structure. The dielectric material layer is uniformly doped with a low concentration of the dopant, and has ferroelectricity.

Abstract: Disclosed in various embodiments of the present invention are an electronic device for adjusting a voltage and an operating method therefor. The electronic device comprises: at least one first converter for supporting a plurality of operating modes for changing voltage; a second converter supporting the plurality of operating modes and connected with the at least one first converter in series; and at least one processor, wherein the processor can be configured to determine an intermediate voltage between the at least one first converter and the second converter on the basis of an input voltage of the at least one first converter and an output voltage of the second converter, and control an operating mode of each of the at least one first converter and the second converter on the basis of the determined intermediate voltage. Other embodiments are also possible.

Abstract: A ferroelectric thin-film structure includes at least one first atomic layer and at least one second atomic layer. The first atomic layer includes a first dielectric material that is based on an oxide, and the second atomic layer includes both the first dielectric material and a dopant that has a bandgap greater than a bandgap of the dielectric material.

Abstract: A domain switching device includes a channel region, a source region and a drain region connected to the channel region, a gate electrode isolated from contact with the channel region, an anti-ferroelectric layer between the channel region and the gate electrode, a conductive layer between the gate electrode and the anti-ferroelectric layer to contact the anti-ferroelectric layer, and a barrier layer between the anti-ferroelectric layer and the channel region.

Abstract: An integrated circuit includes transistors respectively including channel layers in a substrate, source electrodes and drain electrodes respectively contacting both sides of the channel layers, gate electrodes on the channel layers, and ferroelectrics layers between the channel layers and the gate electrodes. Electrical characteristics of the ferroelectrics layers of at least two of the transistors are different. Accordingly, threshold voltages of the transistors are different from each other.

Abstract: Provided are an electronic device and a method of manufacturing the same. The electronic device includes a ferroelectric crystallization layer between a substrate and a gate electrode and a crystallization prevention layer between the substrate and the ferroelectric crystallization layer. The ferroelectric crystallization layer is at least partially crystallized and includes a dielectric material having ferroelectricity or anti-ferroelectricity. Also, the crystallization prevention layer prevents crystallization in the ferroelectric crystallization layer from being spread toward the substrate.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to oxide semiconductor transistors, methods of manufacturing the same, and/or memory devices including the oxide semiconductor transistors. The oxide semiconductor transistor includes first and second compound layers provided on a substrate, a channel layer in contact with the first and second compound layers, a first electrode facing a portion of the channel layer, a second electrode facing the first compound layer with the channel layer therebetween, and a third electrode facing the second compound layer with the channel layer therebetween. An oxygen concentration of a region of the channel layer facing the first electrode is greater than that of the remaining regions of the channel layer. A buffer layer may further be provided between the channel layer and the second and third electrodes. The first and second compound layers may include oxygen and a metal.

Abstract: Disclosed are a thin film structure and an electronic device including the same. The disclosed thin film structure includes a dielectric material layer between a first material layer and a second material layer. The dielectric material layer includes a dopant in a matrix material having a fluorite structure. The dielectric material layer is uniformly doped with a low concentration of the dopant, and has ferroelectricity.

Abstract: An integrated circuit includes transistors respectively including channel layers in a substrate, source electrodes and drain electrodes respectively contacting both sides of the channel layers, gate electrodes on the channel layers, and ferroelectrics layers between the channel layers and the gate electrodes. Electrical characteristics of the ferroelectrics layers of at least two of the transistors are different. Accordingly, threshold voltages of the transistors are different from each other.