Abstract: Disclosed are means of inducing neuroregeneration and/or neuroprotection in patients with damage to the nervous system. In one embodiment, Noble Gas containing compositions are administered to a patient suffering from a neurological injury, said therapy is administered alone, or in combination with other therapies useful in the induction of neuronal protection/stimulation of neurogenesis. In one specific embodiment, patients are treated with Noble Gas compositions to restore neural function subsequent to radiation therapy or chemotherapy for neoplasia of the brain. In another embodiment, Noble Gas compositions are administered prior to, concurrent with or after radiation and chemotherapy in order to induce a protective effect on non-malignant cells without substantially interfering with efficacy of radiation and chemotherapy.