Abstract: An organic electroluminescent device comprising: an organic thin-film transistor element including at least an active layer made of an organic material; and an organic electroluminescent element driven by the organic thin-film transistor element.

Abstract: A resin composition for producing a color filter by an ink jet system contains (A) a colorant, (B) a binder resin and (C) a solvent having a boiling point of 245° C. or more at normal pressure.

Abstract: There is provided a method of manufacturing a light modulation device that does not produce scattered reflection comprising: a step A of forming a release layer whereby a release layer that produces separation in response to irradiation with incoming light is formed on a heat-resistant substrate having the capability of withstanding heat; a step B of forming a piezoelectric layer whereby a piezoelectric layer is formed on the release layer; a patterning step D whereby an electrode pattern is formed in respect of the piezoelectric layer and mirror elements are formed at each pixel; a connection step E of electrically connecting the active element substrate wherein active elementary elements are provided for each pixel and the piezoelectric layer laminated on the heat-resistant substrate such that the active elements correspond to mirror elements; and an irradiating separation step G whereby separation is produced in the release layer by irradiating the release layer with irradiating light from the side of the

Abstract: There is provided a method of manufacturing a light modulation device that does not produce scattered reflection comprising: a step of forming a release layer whereby a release layer that produces separation in response to irradiation with incoming light is formed on a heat-resistant substrate having the capability of withstanding heat; a step of forming a piezoelectric layer whereby a piezoelectric layer is formed on the release layer; a patterning step whereby an electrode pattern is formed in respect of the piezoelectric layer and mirror elements are formed at each pixel; a connection step of electrically connecting the active element substrate wherein active elementary elements are provided for each pixel and the piezoelectric layer laminated on the heat-resistant substrate such that the active elements correspond to mirror elements; and an irradiating separation step whereby separation is produced in the release layer by irradiating the release layer with irradiating light from the side of the heat-resis

Abstract: An object is to efficiently manufacture an organic EL display which uses microstructures. Microstructures are inlaid in a plurality of concavities in the surface of a nonconductive multi-holed substrate. On the multi-holed substrate, besides the concavities there is formed a plurality of through holes. The surface of the multi-holed substrate is covered with a nonconductive protective film. A transparent substrate on the surface of which is formed beforehand a transparent electrode layer is prepared, and the transparent substrate is attached to the rear face side of the multi-holed substrate. Contact holes are formed after which a luminous layer is formed inside the through holes by an ink jet method. The surface of the multi-holed substrate including the inside of the contact holes is covered with a metallic layer such as aluminum, and the metallic layer is then patterned, and negative electrodes and wiring are formed.

Abstract: A liquid-crystal projection device includes an organic electroluminescent element that is sandwiched by an organic thin-film layer between an electrode layer that reflects light and a transparent electrode layer that transmits light, and a transparent liquid crystal panel that controls passage of light emitted from the surface of the organic electroluminescent element and also includes a half-mirror layer arranged on the side where light is output from the transparent electrode layer. Some of the incoming light is reflected through the transparent electrode layer to another electrode layer and the rest of the light is transmitted the distance between the half-mirror layer. The electrode layer is set to the optical distance of resonance of the light.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an organic EL element according to the present invention comprises the steps of forming pixel electrodes (801), (802), (803) on a transparent substrate (804) and forming on the pixel electrodes by patterning luminescent layers (806), (807), (808) made of an organic compound by means of an ink-jet method. According to this method, it is possible to carry out a high precise patterning easily and in a short time, thereby enabling to carry out optimization for a film design and luminescent characteristic easily as well as making it easy to adjust a luminous efficiency.

Abstract: A process capable of forming a silicon film on a substrate efficiently, for example, at a high yield and a high forming rate with simple operation and device unlike CVD and plasma CVD.

Abstract: In a method for fabricating distributed reflection multi-layered film mirrors consisting of a plurality of laminated thin films having a different refractive index, the thin films are formed using a liquid phase film formation method. The liquid phase film formation method includes a step of applying thin film materials forming the thin films, and a step of drying the applied the thin film materials. The liquid phase film formation method utilizes an ink jet method. Thin films can be formed in fine patterns with ease and in a short amount of time. Laminated layers with high reliability can be obtained in very fine patterns. The reflection properties such as film thickness and reflectance of distributed reflection multi-layered film mirrors can be controlled with ease.

Abstract: A multi-piece rim type disk wheel includes a multi-piece rim and a disk. The multi-piece rim includes a rim base, a bead seat band, a lock ring and a flange. The disk includes an outside portion constituting a part of the rim base, and a hub coupling portion extending radially inwardly from the outside portion and has a substantially T-shaped cross-section. A method of producing the multi-piece rim type disk wheel includes the steps of: manufacturing a gutter band, a first center band, a disk having a substantially T-shaped cross-section, a second center band and a back flange separately from each other; and connecting them to each other by a full penetration butt weld to form into the integral rim base.

Abstract: A white backlight is provided by mixing a plurality of luminous lights with balanced white light, while minimizing power consumption and reducing manufacturing cost. Luminous regions are finely arranged in order to uniformly mix a plurality of luminous colors. A white light is obtained by simultaneously lighting luminous colors in the plurality of luminous regions using a single power source. The shape of the luminous regions is determined for depositing the luminous layers.

Abstract: To provide an ink jet printer head in which the material for the ink jet base is not limited, allowing greater dot pattern density to be achieved, as well as a method for manufacturing the same.

Abstract: A projection display apparatus employing organic EL elements is presented that is light in weight, is small in size, and can be practically implemented. In particular, the apparatus suppresses light-emission performance degradation caused by generated heat, thereby extending useful life, stabilizing brightness, and securing continual maximum brightness. The apparatus comprises; liquid crystal panels 12R, 12G, and 12B; light emitting units 13R, 13G, and 13B, positioned at the back of the liquid crystal panels and provided with organic EL elements as light emitting layers; and cooling bodies 14R, 14G, and 14B, positioned at the back of the light emitting units, for dispersing the heat generated by the light emitting layers. The cooling bodies 14R, 14G, and 14B may, for example, be electronic cooling elements that employ the Peltier effect to absorb and radiate the generated heat. Alternatively, the cooling bodies may be configured as heat-dispersing fins that guide and disperse generated heat.

Abstract: A cost-effective and simple construction of an easy to see and bright digitizer tablet with a two-dimensional illuminating function having a light source for radiating a bundle of light, and light-guide means having a light entering face into which said bundle of light enters, which guides said bundle of light towards the light-emitting face, to illuminate the illuminated body. A liquid crystal display device including this digitizer tablet is also provided. The light-guide contains a flat, transparent light-guide body with a face vertical to said light entering face as said light-emitting face, wherein a protrusion made of a substantially parallel bottom face and a substantially perpendicular side face to said light-emitting face is formed integrally with said light-emitting face. The protrusion may also be formed of a plurality of rib-shaped protruding bodies. The ratio between the width and height of each of these protruding bodies is roughly 1:1.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an organic EL element according to the present invention comprises the steps of forming pixel electrodes (801), (802), (803) on a transparent substrate (804) and forming on the pixel electrodes by patterning luminescent layers (806), (807), (808) made of an organic compound by means of an ink-jet method. According to this method, it is possible to carry out a high precise patterning easily and in a short time, thereby enabling to carry out optimization for a film design and luminescent characteristic easily as well as making it easy to adjust a luminous efficiency.

Abstract: An ink jet printer head having a vibrating plate 5 with ink supply holes formed thereon, piezoelectric thin film 4, and electrodes (3 and 5) are formed on a substrate 60 with a separation layer interposed therebetween and the substrate is bonded to an ink jet base. The separation layer is irradiated with light to separate the substrate from the vibrating plate, piezoelectric thin film, and electrodes at the separation element; and the ink jet base is joined with the vibrating plate.

Abstract: A piezoelectric thin film which has good properties, for example, a high dielectric constant and a high piezoelectric strain constant is disclosed. A method for producing a piezoelectric film, which causes no crack during annealing, is also disclosed. The piezoelectric thin film has a thickness in the range of from 0.5 to 20 .mu.m, comprises crystal grains having an average grain diameter of 0.005 to 0.2 .mu.m, and is free from any multilayer structure in its cross section.

Abstract: An object is to effect high quality printing of images such as photographs, designs, and the like, without using special paper. A printing apparatus includes a mechanism for supplying a recording medium that includes a recording medium surface, a mechanism for coating a surface modifier on a surface modification area of the recording medium surface, and a mechanism for drying the surface modifier coated on the surface modification area. The printing information to be printed on the recording medium surfaces includes image information. The mechanism for coating the surface modifier determines an area of the recording medium corresponding to the image information as the surface modification area. An image can be printed on the surface modification area with high quality. The present printing apparatus and method makes possible high quality printing with regular paper, without using expensive special paper, as before.

Abstract: An optical modulator device, a display unit and an electronic apparatus, each capable of presenting a high-contrast and bright image. An optical modulator device 101 includes a substrate and, on the substrate, an optical modulator structure in which a piezoelectric thin film layer 13 having piezoelectric property is interposed between thin film electrode layers 12, 14 having electrically conductive property with at least one of the thin film electrode layers 12, 14 having light reflective property, wherein the optical modulator structure is driven on a mirror element by mirror element basis, with one mirror element 15 being handled as a unit working independently to modulate a light ray.

Abstract: In an ink jet printer head which ejects ink drops from a nozzle (11) formed on the surface of the nozzle plate (1), wherein a metal layer (13) and a sulfur compound layer (14) are formed on the surface of the nozzle. Gold atoms of the metal layer (13) and sulfur atoms of the sulfur compound layer (14) are bonded covalently and form a water repellant thin film.Since ink does not remain on the nozzle surface, problems such as ink drops being pulled by residue ink and the ejection direction of ink drops being bent are eliminated.