Abstract: A power control device includes a heater, a zero-cross detecting unit, a triac, a supplying unit, and a controlling unit. The supplying unit discharges an electric charge when a control signal is outputted in a half-wave of each of a first polarity and a second polarity and charges the electric charge when the control signal is not outputted in the half-wave of the first polarity. The controlling unit outputs: in a first half-wave, a first control signal on the basis of the zero-cross point and a second control signal in a first phase different in timing from the first control signal, and in a second half-wave, a third control signal on the basis of the zero-cross point and a fourth control signal in a second phase different in timing from the second control signal. The first phase and the second phase are different from each other.

Abstract: A fixing device includes a heater, a switching element, a zero-cross detecting portion, a controller, a power source, a driving portion. In a case that an amount of electric charge charged in the power source is predetermined value or more, the controller outputs a first signal to the driving portion so that a time in which a current is passed from the power source to the switching element is a first time. In a case that the amount of the electric charge is less than the predetermined value, the controller outputs a second signal to the driving portion so that the time in which the current is passed from the power source to the switching element is a second time shorter than the first time.

Abstract: A fixing device includes a heater, a switching element, a zero-cross detecting portion, a controller, a power source, a driving portion. In a case that an amount of electric charge charged in the power source is predetermined value or more, the controller outputs a first signal to the driving portion so that a time in which a current is passed from the power source to the switching element is a first time. In a case that the amount of the electric charge is less than the predetermined value, the controller outputs a second signal to the driving portion so that the time in which the current is passed from the power source to the switching element is a second time shorter than the first time.

Abstract: The fixing apparatus includes a heater including at least two heat generation members, a relay, a triac, a zero-crossing circuit unit connected between a first pole and a second pole of an AC power supply, and configured to output a zero-crossing signal, and a CPU configured to control the relay and the triac, and the CPU determines which one of the at least two heat generation members is the heat generation member to which electric power is being supplied from the AC power supply, based on the zero-crossing signal output from the zero-crossing circuit unit.

Abstract: The fixing apparatus includes a heater including at least two heat generation members, a relay, a triac, a zero-crossing circuit unit connected between a first pole and a second pole of an AC power supply, and configured to output a zero-crossing signal, and a CPU configured to control the relay and the triac, and the CPU determines which one of the at least two heat generation members is the heat generation member to which electric power is being supplied from the AC power supply, based on the zero-crossing signal output from the zero-crossing circuit unit.

Abstract: To prevent the detection accuracy from deteriorating due to stray light, an optical apparatus includes the following configuration. The optical apparatus includes a light-emitting member, a light-receiving member, and a substrate on which the light-emitting member and the light-receiving member are mounted. The substrate includes a plate-like substrate layer and a plate-like conductive layer. The optical apparatus further includes a light-shielding member disposed between the light-receiving member and the light-emitting member and inserted in a through-hole of the substrate provided between the light-receiving member and the light-emitting member. The light-receiving member receives reflected light from a portion to be irradiated with the light emitted from the light-emitting member. The conductive layer is excellent in light-shielding property compared to the substrate layer. The conductive layer is exposed to an inner cylindrical surface of the through-hole.

Abstract: To prevent the detection accuracy from deteriorating due to stray light, an optical apparatus includes the following configuration. The optical apparatus includes a light-emitting member, a light-receiving member, and a substrate on which the light-emitting member and the light-receiving member are mounted. The substrate includes a plate-like substrate layer and a plate-like conductive layer. The optical apparatus further includes a light-shielding member disposed between the light-receiving member and the light-emitting member and inserted in a through-hole of the substrate provided between the light-receiving member and the light-emitting member. The light-receiving member receives reflected light from a portion to be irradiated with the light emitted from the light-emitting member. The conductive layer is excellent in light-shielding property compared to the substrate layer. The conductive layer is exposed to an inner cylindrical surface of the through-hole.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus determines, based on detection performed by an optical sensor unit on an intermediate transfer belt while light-emitting devices emit a predetermined amount of light, an amount of light the light-emitting devices emit when the optical sensor unit detects a misregistration detection toner pattern and a density variation detection toner pattern.

Abstract: To prevent the detection accuracy from deteriorating due to stray light, an optical apparatus includes the following configuration. The optical apparatus includes a light-emitting member, a light-receiving member, and a substrate on which the light-emitting member and the light-receiving member are mounted. The substrate includes a plate-like substrate layer and a plate-like conductive layer. The optical apparatus further includes a light-shielding member disposed between the light-receiving member and the light-emitting member and inserted in a through-hole of the substrate provided between the light-receiving member and the light-emitting member. The light-receiving member receives reflected light from a portion to be irradiated with the light emitted from the light-emitting member. The conductive layer is excellent in light-shielding property compared to the substrate layer. The conductive layer is exposed to an inner cylindrical surface of the through-hole.

Abstract: To prevent the detection accuracy from deteriorating due to stray light, an optical apparatus includes the following configuration. The optical apparatus includes a light-emitting member, a light-receiving member, and a substrate on which the light-emitting member and the light-receiving member are mounted. The substrate includes a plate-like substrate layer and a plate-like conductive layer. The optical apparatus further includes a light-shielding member disposed between the light-receiving member and the light-emitting member and inserted in a through-hole of the substrate provided between the light-receiving member and the light-emitting member. The light-receiving member receives reflected light from a portion to be irradiated with the light emitted from the light-emitting member. The conductive layer is excellent in light-shielding property compared to the substrate layer. The conductive layer is exposed to an inner cylindrical surface of the through-hole.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus determines, based on detection performed by an optical sensor unit on an intermediate transfer belt while light-emitting devices emit a predetermined amount of light, an amount of light the light-emitting devices emit when the optical sensor unit detects a misregistration detection toner pattern and a density variation detection toner pattern.

Abstract: A digital recording apparatus has a transporter and processor. (1). Long play mode: The transporter rotates heads and transports a recording medium at each first speed. The processor converts a first input signal supplied at a normal transfer speed with A/D conversion at a first sampling frequency to generate a first data of a quantization levels, converts the first data to a second data of a quantization levels with a first clock frequency and processes the second data which is supplied to the heads so as to be recorded in the medium. (2). High recording mode: The transporter rotates the heads and transports the medium at each second speed which is N times faster than the first.

Abstract: A digital signal recording and reproducing apparatus for recording an input digital signal on a recording medium to reproduce it therefrom, comprising first means for recording the same identification code as an identification number particular to the digital signal recording and reproducing apparatus when the input digital signal has a specified sampling frequency at the time of recording, and second means for reproducing the recorded identification code at the time of reproduction, thus permitting the digital signal recorded on the recording medium to be reproduced only when the reproduced identification code is coincident with the identification number particular to the apparatus.