Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image forming engine configured to form on an image formation medium an image represented by image data, by a borderless image forming operation or a bordered image forming operation. The image forming apparatus further includes a controller configured to, when the image data does not contain data explicitly indicating which of the borderless image forming operation and the bordered image forming operation is to be performed, select one of the borderless image forming operation and the bordered image forming operation, based on a status of the image forming apparatus or a content of the image data, or based on the status of the image forming apparatus and the content of the image data, and cause the image forming engine to perform the selected one of the borderless image forming operation and the bordered image forming operation.

Abstract: A first data center includes a first virtual network that provides a communication service in cooperation with at least a part of a communication facility of a first communication operator and a first communication unit that is operable to communicate with a second data center. The second data center includes a second virtual network that provides a communication service in cooperation with at least a part of a communication facility of a second communication operator and a second communication unit that is operable to communicate with the first data center. The first communication unit is operable to transmit to the second communication unit, communication data to be transmitted from a first terminal connecting to the first virtual network via a communication facility of the first communication operator to a second terminal connecting via a communication facility of the second communication operator to the second virtual network.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a medium accommodating part, an image forming engine, a discharge part, a medium conveyer configured to convey a medium from the medium accommodating part to the image forming engine and to the discharge part, a medium holder configured to hold the medium discharged to the discharge part, and a controller. The controller selects a first discharge mode for causing the medium holder to continue to hold the medium when a holding condition is satisfied or a second discharge mode for causing the medium holder not to hold the medium or to hold the medium for a prescribed period and then release the medium. The holding condition includes at least one of a first condition being that material of the medium does not correspond to specific materials and a second condition being that a medium length is less than a first threshold value.

Abstract: A datacenter, a communication apparatus, a communication method, and a communication control method in a communication system are provided that can enhance the versatility of a datacenter and a virtual network constructed therein. A communication system includes: a plurality of wireless communication facilities owned by a plurality of network operators, respectively; and a datacenter in which a virtual core network is constructed, wherein the virtual core network implements mobile communication functions by using the plurality of wireless communication facilities.

Abstract: A sintered friction material is formed by pressure sintering mixed powder at 800° C. or above, the mixed powder consisting of, in mass %, Cu and/or Cu alloy: 40.0 to 80.0%, Ni: 0% or more and less than 5.0%, Sn: 0 to 10.0%, Zn: 0 to 10.0%, VC: 0.5 to 5.0%, Fe and/or Fe alloy: 2.0 to 40.0%, lubricant: 5.0 to 30.0%, metal oxide and/or metal nitride: 1.5 to 30.0%, and the balance being impurity.

Abstract: A sintered friction material is formed by pressure sintering mixed powder at 800° C. or above, the mixed powder consisting of, in mass %, Cu and/or Cu alloy: 40.0 to 80.0%, Ni: 0% or more and less than 5.0%, Sn: 0 to 10.0%, Zn: 0 to 10.0%, VC: 0.5 to 5.0%, Fe and/or Fe alloy: 2.0 to 40.0%, lubricant: 5.0 to 30.0%, metal oxide and/or metal nitride: 1.5 to 30.0%, and the balance being impurity.

Abstract: A control method includes: making, by a transmitting apparatus coupled to an information processing apparatus and provided in the transmission and reception system where the transmitting apparatus and a receiving apparatus coupled to an input and output apparatus are coupled with each other through a network, a response to the information processing apparatus in response to a first command received from the information processing apparatus; obtaining, by the transmitting apparatus, a commands from the information processing apparatus after receiving the first command; batch-transferring the commands to the receiving apparatus without making a response to the information processing apparatus; issuing, by the receiving apparatus, the commands transferred from the transmitting apparatus to the input and output apparatus; and notifying, by the receiving apparatus, when the commands is batch-transferred from the transmitting apparatus, the transmitting apparatus about processing completion when processing of all o

Abstract: A control method includes: making, by a transmitting apparatus coupled to an information processing apparatus and provided in the transmission and reception system where the transmitting apparatus and a receiving apparatus coupled to an input and output apparatus are coupled with each other through a network, a response to the information processing apparatus in response to a first command received from the information processing apparatus; obtaining, by the transmitting apparatus, a commands from the information processing apparatus after receiving the first command; batch-transferring the commands to the receiving apparatus without making a response to the information processing apparatus; issuing, by the receiving apparatus, the commands transferred from the transmitting apparatus to the input and output apparatus; and notifying, by the receiving apparatus, when the commands is batch-transferred from the transmitting apparatus, the transmitting apparatus about processing completion when processing of all o

Abstract: A brake lining for a railroad car has a frictional surface on a brake disc that is pressed by a brake caliper. Friction bodies are pressed against the frictional surface of the brake disc and a back plate is mounted to the caliper to support the friction bodies. Each of the friction bodies is formed with a friction material which contacts the brake disc frictional surface, and has a base plate attached on the back plate side of the friction material. The base plate has a protrusion formed on its back side. On the friction body side of the back plate there is formed a groove which contacts the protrusion formed on the base plate. A disc spring or a spherical-seated structure is disposed between the base plate of each friction body and the back plate. Friction bodies are prevented from rotating at their attached places, without adding new components.

Abstract: A disc brake for railway vehicles includes a brake disc fixed to a wheel or an axle of a railway vehicle and a brake lining configured to be pressed against a frictional surface of the brake disc by a brake caliper. The brake lining includes a plurality of friction members arranged to be spaced from each other, each of the friction members having a surface that faces the frictional surface of the brake disc, a metallic backing secured to back surfaces of the friction members, and a base plate supporting the friction members on the back surface side via spring members. The base plate is mounted to a brake caliper; wherein the friction members are provided in pairs with each pair being formed by two adjacent ones of the friction members, and the metallic backing is a one-piece member provided for each pair of the friction members.

Abstract: A disc brake for railway vehicles includes a brake disc fixed to a wheel or an axle of a railway vehicle and a brake lining configured to be pressed against a frictional surface of the brake disc by a brake caliper. The brake lining includes a plurality of friction members arranged to be spaced from each other, each of the friction members having a surface that faces the frictional surface of the brake disc, a metallic backing secured to back surfaces of the friction members, and a base plate supporting the friction members on the back surface side via spring members. The base plate is mounted to a brake caliper; wherein the friction members are provided in pairs with each pair being formed by two adjacent ones of the friction members, and the metallic backing is a one-piece member provided for each pair of the friction members.

Abstract: A brake lining for a railroad car has a frictional surface on a brake disc that is pressed by a brake caliper. Friction bodies are pressed against the frictional surface of the brake disc and a back plate is mounted to the caliper to support the friction bodies. Each of the friction bodies is formed with a friction material which contacts the brake disc frictional surface, and has a base plate attached on the back plate side of the friction material. The base plate has a protrusion formed on its back side. On the friction body side of the back plate there is formed a groove which contacts the protrusion formed on the base plate. A disc spring or a spherical-seated structure is disposed between the base plate of each friction body and the back plate. Friction bodies are prevented from rotating at their attached places, without adding new components.

Abstract: A wet type friction contact device comprises a non-driving member; a driving member which drives to the non-driving member; and fluid which is intervened between the non-driving member and driving member; wherein the coefficient of dynamic friction of the contact area between the non-driving member and the driving member is not less than 0.2. Therefore, the present invention provides a wet type friction contact device which secures a large amount of torque capacity compared with that of the conventional wet type contact device without bringing about large-size unit thereof and also without requiring disassembly and exchange thereof.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of treating fish diseases comprising administering a composition comprising a compound of the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R means an alkanoyl group; a benzoyl group optionally having 1 or more substituent groups selected the group consisting of lower alkyl groups and halogen atoms; a phenylacetyl group; or a cyclohexanecarbonyl group as an active ingredient. Also disclosed is administering a food supplemented with said compound to fish, and a fish food containing the same compound.

Abstract: This invention relates to a prophylactic/therapeutic composition comprising a compound of the general formula: ##STR1## (wherein R means an alkanoyl group; a benzoyl group optionally having 1 or more substituent groups selected the group consisting of lower alkyl groups and halogen atoms; a phenylacetyl group; or a cyclohexanecarbonyl group) as an active ingredient, a method for prophylaxis and therapy of fish diseases which comprises administering a food supplemented with said compound to fish, and a fish food containing the same compound. The above composition exhibits beneficial efficacy as a prophylactic/therapeutic agent for fish diseases.

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel prophylactic/therapeutic agent for the treatment of swine pleuropneumonia which comprises a bicozamycin ester represented by the following formula ##STR1## wherein R means a benzoyl group or a cyclohexanecarbonyl group.