Abstract: A carbon material for a non-aqueous secondary battery containing a graphite capable of occluding and releasing lithium ions, and having a cumulative pore volume at pore diameters in a range of 0.01 ?m to 1 ?m of 0.08 mL/g or more, a roundness, as determined by flow-type particle image analysis, of 0.88 or greater, and a pore diameter to particle diameter ratio (PD/d50 (%)) of 1.8 or less, the ratio being given by equation (1A): PD/d50 (%)=mode pore diameter (PD) in a pore diameter range of 0.01 ?m to 1 ?m in a pore distribution determined by mercury intrusion/volume-based average particle diameter (d50)×100 is provided.

Abstract: An analog-to-digital conversion system includes: a first conversion device configured to communicate with a first analog-to-digital converter configured to convert a first analog signal into a first digital signal; a second conversion device configured to communicate with a second analog-to-digital converter configured to convert a second analog signal into a second digital signal; a first reference low power supply; and a second reference low power supply. The first conversion device is configured to correct the first digital signal, based on a variation amount of a second reference low voltage or a second reference low current. The second conversion device is configured to correct the second digital signal, based on a variation amount of a first reference low voltage or a first reference low current.

Abstract: An analog-to-digital conversion system includes: a first conversion device configured to communicate with a first analog-to-digital converter configured to convert a first analog signal into a first digital signal; a second conversion device configured to communicate with a second analog-to-digital converter configured to convert a second analog signal into a second digital signal; a first reference low power supply; and a second reference low power supply. The first conversion device is configured to correct the first digital signal, based on a variation amount of a second reference low voltage or a second reference low current. The second conversion device is configured to correct the second digital signal, based on a variation amount of a first reference low voltage or a first reference low current.

Abstract: An abnormality detection system configured to detect abnormal communication includes a first electronic control unit, a plurality of second electronic control units, a plurality of connector connection portions, and a processor. The connector connection portions are provided on a communication path between the first electronic control unit and the second electronic control units. Each connector connection portion includes a first connector portion and a second connector portion. The processor is configured to determine that, when abnormal communication occurs, one of the connector connection portions that is experiencing abnormal communication with all the second electronic control units connected to the second connector portion and that includes the second connector portion connected to the largest number of second electronic control units is abnormal.

Abstract: An oil supply device that supplies oil to a vehicle drive device that includes an input member drivably coupled to an internal combustion engine, a rotary electric machine for driving wheels, an output member drivably coupled to the wheels, a speed change device that includes a shifting engagement device and that at least transfers rotation of the input member to the output member with the speed of the rotation changed, and a decoupling engagement device that decouples the input member from the speed change device.

Abstract: An oil supply device that supplies oil to a vehicle drive device that includes an input member drivably coupled to an internal combustion engine, a rotary electric machine for driving wheels, an output member drivably coupled to the wheels, a speed change device that includes a shifting engagement device and that at least transfers rotation of the input member to the output member with the speed of the rotation changed, and a decoupling engagement device that decouples the input member from the speed change device.

Abstract: A fluid pressure control device for an automatic transmission that transfers power from a motor via a friction engagement element, including: a first pump actuated by the power from the motor; a pressure regulator that regulates pressure of a working fluid pumped from the first pump; a first flow passage connected to an output port of the pressure regulator; a second flow passage connected to a fluid pressure chamber of the friction engagement element; a switcher that establishes and blocks connection between the first flow passage and the second flow passage; a second pump actuated by supply of electric power and capable of supplying the working fluid to the second flow passage with connection between the first flow passage and the second flow passage blocked by the switcher; and a pressure accumulator that accumulates pressure of the working fluid. The pressure accumulator is connected to the first flow passage.

Abstract: A hydraulic control apparatus for an automatic transmission has a circulating oil supply passage that supplies circulating oil to a starting apparatus, a circulating oil discharge passage that discharges circulating oil from the starting apparatus, and a speed change mechanism oil supply passage that supplies oil to a speed change mechanism. The oil discharged from an oil pump is supplied to the starting apparatus and the speed change mechanism. A first flow rate changing device that can change the flow rate of the circulating oil is arranged in the circulating oil discharge passage. A first flow rate instructing portion output a command to the flow rate changing device to change the flow rate when the amount of oil discharged from the oil pump is low, and reduces the flow rate to the starting apparatus, which enables the hydraulic pressure necessary for shifting to be obtained in the speed change mechanism.

Abstract: An exemplary control device includes an input torque detection unit that detects an input torque input to the input shaft; and a controller that: determines torque distribution of two of the friction engagement elements that form the shift speeds; and calculates a transmission torque of the two friction engagement elements based on the input torque and the torque distribution and sets the engagement pressure to obtain a torque capacity that can transmit the transmission torque, wherein the controller sets the engagement pressure such that slippage does not occur in the two friction engagement elements in a state where engagement of the two friction engagement elements forms the shift speeds and such that, even if an additional friction engagement element engages based on the line pressure while the two friction engagement elements are engaged, one of the three friction engagement elements is caused to slip.

Abstract: A fluid pressure control device for an automatic transmission that transfers power from a motor via a friction engagement element, including: a first pump actuated by the power from the motor; a pressure regulator that regulates pressure of a working fluid pumped from the first pump; a first flow passage connected to an output port of the pressure regulator; a second flow passage connected to a fluid pressure chamber of the friction engagement element; a switcher that establishes and blocks connection between the first flow passage and the second flow passage; a second pump actuated by supply of electric power and capable of supplying the working fluid to the second flow passage with connection between the first flow passage and the second flow passage blocked by the switcher; and a pressure accumulator that accumulates pressure of the working fluid. The pressure accumulator is connected to the first flow passage.

Abstract: An exemplary control device includes an input torque detection unit that detects an input torque input to the input shaft; and a controller that: determines torque distribution of two of the friction engagement elements that form the shift speeds; and calculates a transmission torque of the two friction engagement elements based on the input torque and the torque distribution and sets the engagement pressure to obtain a torque capacity that can transmit the transmission torque, wherein the controller sets the engagement pressure such that slippage does not occur in the two friction engagement elements in a state where engagement of the two friction engagement elements forms the shift speeds and such that, even if an additional friction engagement element engages based on the line pressure while the two friction engagement elements are engaged, one of the three friction engagement elements is caused to slip.

Abstract: A hydraulic control apparatus of an automatic transmission including a switching portion which, at the same time as a reverse range pressure oil passage and a discharge delay oil passage which delays an oil pressure output are connected, causes the reverse range pressure oil passage and discharge delay oil passage, by switching between the two, in order to communicate with a hydraulic servo. The switching portion causes the hydraulic servo and discharge delay oil passage to communicate when a manual valve is switched to an N range, and causes the hydraulic servo and reverse range pressure oil passage to communicate when the manual valve (MV) is switched to a D range or an R range. Because of this arrangement, it is difficult for oil, when discharged from the hydraulic servo, to drain at an R-N switching time, and it is easy for oil to drain in the D range or the like.

Abstract: A transmission apparatus including an automatic transmission that is mounted in a vehicle and is capable of engaging a first engagement element and a second engagement element among a plurality of engagement elements when shift-operated to a reverse position, and engaging the first engagement element when shift-operated to a neutral position.

Abstract: An exemplary control device includes an input torque detection unit that detects an input torque input to the input shaft; and a controller that: determines torque distribution of two of the friction engagement elements that form the shift speeds; and calculates a transmission torque of the two friction engagement elements based on the input torque and the torque distribution and sets the engagement pressure to obtain a torque capacity that can transmit the transmission torque, wherein the controller sets the engagement pressure such that slippage does not occur in the two friction engagement elements in a state where engagement of the two friction engagement elements forms the shift speeds and such that, even if an additional friction engagement element engages based on the line pressure while the two friction engagement elements are engaged, one of the three friction engagement elements is caused to slip.

Abstract: A hydraulic control apparatus for an automatic transmission has a circulating oil supply passage that supplies circulating oil to a starting apparatus, a circulating oil discharge passage that discharges circulating oil from the starting apparatus, and a speed change mechanism oil supply passage that supplies oil to a speed change mechanism. The oil discharged from an oil pump is supplied to the starting apparatus and the speed change mechanism. A first flow rate changing device that can change the flow rate of the circulating oil is arranged in the circulating oil discharge passage. A first flow rate instructing portion output a command to the flow rate changing device to change the flow rate when the amount of oil discharged from the oil pump is low, and reduces the flow rate to the starting apparatus, which enables the hydraulic pressure necessary for shifting to be obtained in the speed change mechanism.

Abstract: A hydraulic control apparatus of an automatic transmission including a switching portion which, at the same time as a reverse range pressure oil passage and a discharge delay oil passage which delays an oil pressure output are connected, causes the reverse range pressure oil passage and discharge delay oil passage, by switching between the two, in order to communicate with a hydraulic servo. The switching portion causes the hydraulic servo and discharge delay oil passage to communicate when a manual valve is switched to an N range, and causes the hydraulic servo and reverse range pressure oil passage to communicate when the manual valve (MV) is switched to a D range or an R range. Because of this arrangement, it is difficult for oil, when discharged from the hydraulic servo, to drain at an R-N switching time, and it is easy for oil to drain in the D range or the like.

Abstract: A hydraulic control device for an automatic transmission includes a first solenoid valve, a second solenoid valve, a third solenoid valve, a preliminary shift speed switching valve, and a hydraulic pressure supply switching valve. A second friction engagement element is engaged at high speed side shift speeds, a low speed that is one of low speed side shift speeds is achieved by engagement of a first friction engagement element and a third friction engagement element, and a high speed that is one of the high speed side shift speeds is achieved by engagement of a second friction engagement element and the third friction engagement element.

Abstract: A valve assembly includes a plurality of solenoid valves, each solenoid valve having a pressure-regulating valve portion formed by a sleeve having a plurality of valve-side ports and a spool for opening and closing the valve-side ports, and a solenoid portion having a plunger for driving the spool and a coil for electromagnetically driving the plunger; and a valve body having a plurality of insertion holes into which the solenoid valves are inserted, and having ports that are connected to the plurality of valve-side ports in a state in which the solenoid valves are mounted.

Abstract: In a condition of a vehicle which remains stationary or is about to stop and of a forward second speed having a clutch and a brake engaged, an N range is changed from a D range based on a shift lever operation and a forward range pressure is discharged from a manual shift valve. At this time, an orifice and a check ball are used to delay discharge of oil paths which communicate with a linear solenoid valve relative to discharge of an oil path a1 which communicates with a linear solenoid valve. Specifically, release of the brake is delayed relative to release of the clutch, so that a shift by way of a forward first speed through engagement of a one-way clutch can be prevented.

Abstract: A transmission apparatus including an automatic transmission that is mounted in a vehicle and is capable of engaging a first engagement element and a second engagement element among a plurality of engagement elements when shift-operated to a reverse position, and engaging the first engagement element when shift-operated to a neutral position.