Abstract: Pressure-side cam portions of a pressure plate each include a pressure-side assist cam portion including a pressure-side assist cam surface, a pressure-side body located between the pressure-side assist cam portion and a pressure-side slipper cam portion, and a first stepped portion between a main outer circumferential surface of the pressure-side body and a sub outer circumferential surface of the pressure-side assist cam portion. The sub outer circumferential surface is located radially inward of the main outer circumferential surface. The sub outer circumferential surface is inclined radially inward in a second direction. Among portions of the main outer circumferential surface, at least a stepped portion-side outer circumferential surface adjacent to the first stepped portion is inclined radially outward in the second direction.

Abstract: The memory capacity for storing address information etc. of an I2C communication instrument, as well as the number of encoders and decoders can be reduced. A communication device to establish communication between a first I2C communication instrument and a second I2C communication instrument connected to a communication partner device, includes: an encoder that generates Header Packet Data including a target ID of the communication partner device and I2C Packet Data including a slave address and an offset address of the second I2C communication instrument; a communication unit that transmits a transmission packet including the Header Packet Data and the I2C Packet Data generated by the encoder to the communication partner device by a TDD communication scheme and receives a reception packet from the communication partner device by the TDD communication scheme; and a decoder that generates the I2C Packet Data from the reception packet.

Abstract: A communication apparatus includes: a LINK for performing protocol-conversion on a signal from a Master and outputting the converted signal to a Slave SerDes and for performing protocol-conversion on a signal from the Slave SerDes and outputting the converted signal to the Master, the LINK being capable of alternatively selecting a first mode and a second mode when transmitting the signal from the Master to the Slave SerDes, in the first mode, the LINK converting the signal transmitted from the Master into a signal of a first communication standard in units of one byte, receiving a signal of the first communication standard including one of an ACK signal representing an affirmative response and a NACK signal representing a negative response after transmitting the converted signal to the Slave SerDes, converting the received signal into a signal of a second communication standard, and transmitting the converted signal to the Master.

Abstract: To solve a problem related to error correction. A communication apparatus includes: a PHY that receives a first transmission signal conforming to a predetermined communication protocol from a communication partner apparatus and performs error correction on a plurality of first packets included in the first transmission signal; and a LINK that separates the plurality of first packets after error correction and generates a second packet including error correction impossible information of the first packet on which the error correction has not been correctly performed, and the PHY transmits a second transmission signal including the second packet to the communication partner apparatus.

Abstract: A clutch device includes a clutch center holding output-side rotating plates alternately arranged with input-side rotating plates, and a pressure plate movable toward or away from the clutch center. The pressure plate includes pressure-side fitting teeth holding the output-side rotating plates. The clutch center includes center-side fitting teeth holding the output-side rotating plates. In a half-clutch state, a portion of one of the center-side fitting teeth overlap with a portion of one of the pressure-side fitting teeth when seen in the radial directions of an output shaft.

Abstract: Communication devices and systems with correct regeneration of an audio signal are disclosed. In one example, a communication device measures a number of predetermined reference clocks included in one cycle of a frequency divided signal, on the basis of an audio master clock having a frequency obtained by multiplying a frequency of a sampling clock to sample an audio signal, a frequency division ratio of a frequency divided signal of the audio master clock, and a predetermined reference clock. A packet generator generates a packet including information including the measured number, a bit width of serial data (SD) conforming to an Inter-IC Sound (I2S) standard, the frequency of the sampling clock, a frequency division ratio of the frequency divided signal to the audio master clock, a frequency ratio of the frequency of the audio master clock to the frequency of the sampling clock, and the SD.

Abstract: Communication apparatus and systems are disclosed. In one example, a communication apparatus, which sends and receives information to and from a communication partner apparatus alternately within a period allocated by a TDD communication scheme, includes a PHY, a LINK, decoders and encoders. The PHY receives a first transmission signal conforming to a predetermined communication protocol from the communication partner apparatus, performs error correction on first packets therein, and sends a second transmission signal to the communication partner apparatus. The LINK separates the first packets and aggregates second packets included in the second transmission signal to send the aggregated second packets to the PHY. The decoders decode the first packets. The encoders generate the second packets. The PHY stores error information regarding each of the decoders and the encoders, and includes an operation-administration-maintenance (OAM) unit that includes the error information in one of the second packets.

Abstract: A communication apparatus includes: an encoder that generates a packet of a time division duplex (TDD) communication system, the packet including a high-definition multimedia interface (HDMI) signal; and a communication unit that transmits the packet to a communication partner device for each of a plurality of divided periods obtained by dividing one TDD burst period in the TDD communication system.

Abstract: Communication devices and systems are disclosed. In one example, a communication device includes a LINK that performs protocol conversion of a signal from a Master and outputs the converted signal to a Slave SerDes, and of a signal from the Slave SerDes and outputs the converted signal to the Master. The LINK alternatively selects a first mode and a second mode. In the first mode, the LINK converts a 1-byte signal transmitted from the Master into a signal of a first communication standard in units of the 1-byte signal and transmits the converted signal to the Slave SerDes, then receives a signal of the first communication standard including an ACK signal representing an acknowledgement or a NACK signal representing a negative acknowledgement, and converts the received signal into a signal of a second communication standard and transmits the converted signal to the Master.

Abstract: To suppress EMI noise when performing serial transmission by a plurality of transmission cables. A communication apparatus includes a plurality of communication units that transmits a plurality of first signals to a plurality of cables at different times and receives a plurality of second signals via the plurality of cables at different times, in a time division duplex (TDD) communication method.

Abstract: A communication device includes: a state-switching control unit that controls switching between a first state in which synchronization for communicating with a partner device is established, a second state in which the communication is started after establishing the synchronization, a third state in which the communication is intermittently stopped, and a fourth state in which the communication is stopped for a longer time than the third state and synchronization is reestablished when restarting the communication; a first communication control unit that repeats an operation of continuously transmitting a first signal to the partner device in the fourth state; and a second communication control unit that transmits, upon receiving a second signal, a third signal synchronized with the second signal to the partner device, in which the state-switching control unit switches, where the second communication control unit transmits the third signal, a state from the fourth state to the first state.

Abstract: A communication device includes: a communication unit that adds, to a set of data blocks including a serial signal group conforming to SPI transmitted from a master in synchronization with a clock, identification information for identifying the data blocks, and transmits the data blocks to a communication partner device within one frame period of a predetermined communication protocol, or adds, to data blocks each including a part of the serial signal group, identification information for identifying each of the data blocks, and transmits the data blocks to the communication partner device in a plurality of frame periods; and a storage unit that sequentially stores a predetermined number of data blocks transmitted from the master and outputs a data block transmitted from the communication partner device in response to the predetermined number of data blocks from the master and stored, to transmit the data block to the master.

Abstract: A communication apparatus includes: a communication unit that periodically transmits, with an interval assigned by TDD (Time Division Duplex) being one TDD time slot and a plurality of TDD time slots being one period, a plurality of application packets corresponding to a plurality of serial signals generated by a plurality of applications to a communication partner device; and a transmission control unit that changes, for every one period, a priority of part of application packets corresponding to part of two or more applications of the plurality of applications, the part of application packets being transmitted in at least one specific TDD time slot for transmitting the part of application packets, the plurality of TDD time slots including the at least one specific TDD time slot.

Abstract: Communication devices and systems with correct regeneration of an audio signal are disclosed. In one example, a communication device measures a number of predetermined reference clocks included in one cycle of a frequency divided signal, on the basis of an audio master clock having a frequency obtained by multiplying a frequency of a sampling clock to sample an audio signal, a frequency division ratio of a frequency divided signal of the audio master clock, and a predetermined reference clock. A packet generator generates a packet including information including the measured number, a bit width of serial data (SD) conforming to an Inter-IC Sound (I2S) standard, the frequency of the sampling clock, a frequency division ratio of the frequency divided signal to the audio master clock, a frequency ratio of the frequency of the audio master clock to the frequency of the sampling clock, and the SD.

Abstract: Serial communication is performed at high speed by combining different communication methods. A communication device includes a communication unit configured to add, to a batch of data blocks including a serial signal group conforming to a serial peripheral interface (SPI) and transmitted from a master in synchronization with a clock, identification information for identifying the data blocks, and transmit the data blocks to a communication partner device within one frame period of a predetermined communication protocol, or add identification information for identifying each of a plurality of data blocks to the plurality of data blocks each including each part of the serial signal group, and transmit the data blocks to the communication partner device in a plurality of frame periods.

Abstract: A magnitude of a road surface slope along which a vehicle travels is detected, when the magnitude of the road surface slope increases, a basic braking force set in advance is corrected to be decreased based on the magnitude of the road surface slope, or a basic driving force set in advance is corrected to be increased based on the magnitude of the road surface slope, when the magnitude of the road surface slope decreases, a basic braking force is corrected to be increased based on the magnitude of the road surface slope or a basic driving force is corrected to be decreased based on the magnitude of the road surface slope, and the corrected braking force or driving force is generated.

Abstract: A communication device includes a communication unit configured to transmit a serial signal group conforming to a serial peripheral interface (SPI) and transmitted from a master in synchronization with a clock to a communication partner device as a batch of data blocks within one frame period of a predetermined communication protocol, or transmit the serial signal group to the communication partner device as a plurality of data blocks divided according to a plurality of frame periods.

Abstract: There is provided a transmission apparatus that transmits information generated by an information source and divided for each block to a transmission path in units of frames including a plurality of the blocks, including: a transmission unit that stops the transmission of information to the transmission path or transmits toggle data to the transmission path in one of several blocks in the frame where an amount of information to be transmitted is less than a transmission capacity of the transmission path, the toggle data having a cycle of transition of information longer than that of information in a block other than the one block in the frame.

Abstract: A communication apparatus includes: a LINK for performing protocol-conversion on a signal from a Master and outputting the converted signal to a Slave SerDes and for performing protocol-conversion on a signal from the Slave SerDes and outputting the converted signal to the Master, the LINK being capable of alternatively selecting a first mode and a second mode when transmitting the signal from the Master to the Slave SerDes, in the first mode, the LINK converting the signal transmitted from the Master into a signal of a first communication standard in units of one byte, receiving a signal of the first communication standard including one of an ACK signal representing an affirmative response and a NACK signal representing a negative response after transmitting the converted signal to the Slave SerDes, converting the received signal into a signal of a second communication standard, and transmitting the converted signal to the Master.

Abstract: An article that is made of a hard metal, yet is superior in design on the surface, particularly a metal article that allows aging impression of the color tone to be enjoyed is produced or provided. Such an article is provided by a method for producing an article superior in design, including molding and/or processing a copper alloy into a designed article, and subjecting a surface of the article to an etching treatment to allow a crystalline structure of the copper alloy to become visibly recognizable.