Abstract: An asymmetric key cryptographic system is used to generate a cryptographic certificate for authenticating a memory module. This certificate is generated based on information, readable by the authenticator (e.g., host system), from at least one device on the memory module that is not read in order to obtain the certificate. For example, the certificate for authenticating a module may be stored in the nonvolatile memory of a serial presence detect device. The certificate itself, however, is based at least in part on information read from at least one other device on the memory module. Examples of this other device include a registering clock driver, DRAM device(s), and/or data buffer device(s). In an embodiment, the information read from a device (e.g., DRAM) may be based on one or more device fingerprint(s) derived from physical variations that occur naturally, and inevitably, during integrated circuit manufacturing.

Abstract: A trailer hitch for a motor vehicle includes a towbar (2) having an arm (1) and a ball cup (3) provided with an opening and with a ball pivot (6). The ball pivot (6) has a ball head (4) and a pivot (5) and is mounted with the ball head (4) rotatably and pivotably in the ball cup (3) and passes through an opening (7) and juts out of the ball cup (3). An angle-measuring device having a signal transmitter (17) and two sensors (40, 41) is arranged in the joint unit formed from the ball cup (3) and the ball head (4).