Abstract: Therapeutic treatments using the direct application of selected structures of antimicrobial metals in free-standing powder form, solution form and/or suspension form in therapeutically effective amounts. The selected structures of antimicrobial metals serve as an antimicrobial agent, an anti-inflammatory agent, an immuno modulator agent, an enzyme modulator agent, and/or an anti-tumor agent, for human and/or animal use.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for reducing pain associated with contractions such as uterine or other muscle contractions and/or for retraining muscles are disclosed. The apparatus include a sensor for developing a signal indicative of a contraction experienced by a muscle. They also include a stimulator for applying stimulation to the patient. The apparatus also include a control unit for automatically adjusting the stimulation provided by the stimulator at least partially in response to the signal developed by the sensor.