Abstract: A control system for a hydraulic elevator. The system (10) controls an elevator (1) which includes an elevator cylinder (5) with a piston (5a) coupled to a car (2), a pump (4) having an outlet coupled to the elevator cylinder (5), and an electric motor (3) coupled to the pump (4). A speed regulator (11) for controlling the speed of the car (2) is driven in predetermined modes, such that the pump (4) rotates at predefined speed. The speed regulator (11) is driven such that the motor (3) of the pump (4) is supplied with a voltage having a frequency (f) the value of which corresponds to a predefined speed value (?), increased by an amount (cft; fts, ftD) which is a predetermined function of the working pressure (P1) of the pump (4). This balances the effect of the leakage of operating hydraulic fluid in the pump (4).

Abstract: A control system is provided and includes energy accumulators (20; 120) coupled to a first inverter (10) and controlled through a second inverter (12). These accumulators (20; 120) are adapted to store the energy generated by an electrical machine (3) associated with the elevator apparatus (1), and the energy coming by a source and optionally not used by the machine (3), as well as to deliver the stored energy towards the machine (3) when this requires energy with a power higher than a threshold. The system is arranged to automatically cause the lifting of the car (2) up to the highest floor when preset conditions occur in a time interval of inactivity of the elevator apparatus (1).

Abstract: A control system for a motor, including a first detector providing signals indicative of the sign and zero-crossings of a supply voltage, and a second detector providing signals indicative of the sign and the zero-crossings of BEMF developed in the stator winding. A switch is driven to cause a first current pulse through the winding at a first delay relative to the zero-crossing of the supply voltage. The system checks if the BEMF has a first zero-crossing within a predetermined period of time preceding a third zero-crossing of the voltage, and if so, causes an opposite second current pulse through the winding with a second delay relative to the third zero-crossing of the supply. If not, the first current pulse is repeated, reducing or increasing the duration of the first delay if the first zero-crossing of the BEMF took place after or before the predetermined period of time.

Abstract: The control system comprises a switch (TR) in series with a stator winding (W) between two terminals (A, B) connected to an alternating supply voltage source (V), a first detector circuit (2) capable of providing a signal (Voi) indicating when the current (I) in that winding (W) is zero, a second detector circuit (1) capable of providing a signal (Vw) indicating the magnitude of the supply voltage (V), and a control unit (MC) connected to the first and second detection circuits (2; 1) and designed to control the switch (TR) in such a way as to cause an alternating current (I) of the same frequency as the supply voltage (V) and having alternating positive and negative phases (11, 12) to pass through the winding (W), separated by intervals during which it remains at zero, of a duration (tp) which varies according to an increasing function of the magnitude of the supply voltage (V).

Abstract: The system (10) allows control of an elevator apparatus (1) which comprises an elevator cylinder (5) with a piston (5a) coupled to a car (2), a pump (4) having the outlet coupled to the elevator cylinder (5), and an electric motor (3) coupled to the pump (4). The system comprises a speed regulator (11) associated with the motor (3) for controlling the speed of displacement of the car (2), and is predisposed for driving the speed regulator (11) in predetermined modes, such that the pump (4) rotates at a speed having a predefined value (W). The system (10) is also predisposed for driving the speed regulator (11) such that the motor (3) of the pump (4) is supplied with a voltage having a frequency (f) the value of which corresponds to said predefined speed value (?), increased by an amount (cft; fts, ftD) which is a predetermined function of the working pressure (P1) of the pump (4), such as to balance at least in part the effect of the leakage of operating hydraulic fluid in the pump (4).

Abstract: The control system comprises energy accumulators (20; 120) coupled to a first inverter (10) and controlled through a second inverter (12). Such accumulators (20; 120) are adapted to store the energy generated by the electrical machine (3) associated to the elevator apparatus (1), and the energy coming by a source and optionally not used by the machine (3), as well as to deliver the stored energy towards the machine (3) when this requires energy with a power higher than a threshold. The system is arranged to automatically cause the lifting of the car (2) up to the highest floor when preset conditions occur in a time interval of inactivity of the elevator apparatus (1).

Abstract: The control system comprises a switch (TR) in series with a stator winding (W) between two terminals (A, B) connected to an alternating supply voltage source (V), a first detector circuit (2) capable of providing a signal (Voi) indicating when the current (I) in that winding (W) is zero, a second detector circuit (1) capable of providing a signal (Vw) indicating the magnitude of the supply voltage (V), and a control unit (MC) connected to the first and second detection circuits (2; 1) and designed to control the switch (TR) in such a way as to cause an alternating current (I) of the same frequency as the supply voltage (V) and having alternating positive and negative phases (11, 12) to pass through the winding (W), separated by intervals during which it remains at zero, of a duration (tp) which varies according to an increasing function of the magnitude of the supply voltage (V).

Abstract: The control system comprises: a switch (TR) in series with a winding (W) of the motor (M) between two terminals (A, B) which are connected to a supply of an alternating voltage (V), a first detector circuit (1) suitable for providing a signal (Vzc) indicative of the sign and of the zero-crossings of the alternating supply voltage (V), a second detector means (2, 3) suitable for providing signals indicative of the sign and of the zero-crossings of the BEMF which is developed in the stator winding (W), and a control unit (MC) arranged to bring about the starting of the rotation of the rotor (R), starting from an initial position (?0), in accordance with a procedure comprising the steps of: a) driving the switch (TR) in a manner such as to bring about the passage through the winding (W) of a first current pulse (I1) which starts with a first delay (t1) relative to the immediately preceding zero-crossing of the supply voltage (V), b) checking if the BEMF (E) consequently developed in the winding (W) has a first z

Abstract: The system (ECS) comprises a rectifier circuit (RC) to supply a direct current voltage (VB) as output; a driver circuit (DC) which is connected to a rectifier circuit (RC) and includes a plurality of controlled switches (SW1-SW4) which can permit passage of a current in the stator winding (W) selectively in one direction and in the opposite direction; a sensor (PS) which can supply a signal (H) which is indicative of the angular position of the rotor (R); and a control circuit (CC) which is designed to receive a signal (RS) which is indicative of the speed of rotation required (?ref) for the motor (M), and is connected to the position sensor (PS).

Abstract: The system (ECS) comprises a rectifier circuit (RC) to supply a direct current voltage (VB) as output; a driver circuit (DC) which is connected to a rectifier circuit (RC) and includes a plurality of controlled switches (SW1-SW4) which can permit passage of a current in the stator winding (W) selectively in one direction and in the opposite direction; a sensor (PS) which can supply a signal (H) which is indicative of the angular position of the rotor (R); and a control circuit (CC) which is designed to receive a signal (RS) which is indicative of the speed of rotation required (?ref) for the motor (M), and is connected to the position sensor (PS).

Abstract: The drive circuit (10) includes a processing and control circuit (14) comprising a protection circuit (16), designed to generate at its output a logical inhibiting signal (C) starting from every zero crossing of the motor supply volts (V), the inhibiting signal (C) having a predetermined duration (t0) which is less than a quarter of the period of the supply voltage (V); and an enabling circuit (17), connected to a sensor of the position of the rotor (6) and designed to enable a first and a second controlled conduction device (12, 13) associated with the stator winding (4) to conduct current alternately, in synchronization with the signal (H) supplied by the position sensor (6). The enabling circuit (17) is connected to the protection circuit (16) in such a way that the conduction of current through the controlled conduction device (12, 13) enabled at any time is inhibited for the duration (t0) of the inhibiting (C).

Abstract: The drive circuit (10) includes a processing and control circuit (14) comprising a protection circuit (16), designed to generate at its output inhibiting signal (C) starting from every zero crossing of the motor supply volts (V), the inhibiting signal (C) having a predetermined duration (t0) which is less than a quarter of the period of the supply voltage (V); and an enabling circuit (17), connected to a sensor of the position of the rotor (6) and designed to enable a first and a second controlled conduction device (12, 13) associated with the stator winding (4) to conduct current alternately, in synchronization with the signal (H) supplied by the position sensor (6). The enabling circuit (17) is connected to the protection circuit (16) in such a way that the conduction of current through the controlled conduction device (12, 13) enabled at any time is inhibited for the duration (t0) of the inhibiting signal (C).

Abstract: The machine (1) comprises: a rotor (2) with a permanent magnet (5), for producing an annular distribution of magnetic polarities (N, S) of angularly alternating sign about the axis of rotation (A-A) of the rotor (2), within a magnetized surface (5) lying in a plane essentially perpendicular to said axis (A-A), and a stator (3) including: a flow-conveying structure (16) formed as one piece with a pressure-shaped mass of insulated ferromagnetic particles; this structure (16) having an annular base portion (17) from which first and second arms (18; 19) extend substantially parallel to the axis of the rotor (A-A), said arms being situated at a first and a second radial distance, respectively, from this axis (A-A) and angularly alternating with respect to each other; the ends (18a; 19a) of these first and second arms (18, 19) frontally facing said magnetized surface (5a) of the rotor (5) from which they are separated by an air-gap (21); and a winding (23) arranged coaxially with the rotor (2), in an annular region

Abstract: The driver circuit (10) comprises a first triac or the like (11) for connection in series with the stator winding (5, 6) of the motor between the terminals (12, 13) of an alternating-current voltage supply, the gate of the first triac (11) being arranged for connection to an intermediate point (C) of the stator winding (5, 6) of the motor (M). A second triac or the like (15) is connected between the intermediate point (C) of the winding (5, 6) and the terminal (13) of the voltage supply to which the first triac (11) is connected. A control circuit (15-27) is connected to the gate of the second triac (15) such that, each time the motor (M) is connected to the voltage supply, it initially makes the second triac (15) conductive and consequently cuts off the first triac (11) for a predetermined initial period of time. and cuts off the second triac (15) and allows the first triac (11) to become conductive after this period of time.

Abstract: The system comprises sensors (PS) for detecting the angular position of the rotor (R) of the motor and a driver circuit (DC) arranged to control conduction in the controlled switches (SW) associated with the phases (W) of the motor and in a regulation switch (RSW) in predetermined manner in dependence on the position signals emitted by the sensors (PS). The regulation switch (RSW) is driven in an on/off manner by means of a square-wave signal. The system further comprises a protection circuit (PC) with a capacitor (C) connected to the control input of the regulation switch (RSW) so that the capacitor (C) is charged each time the regulation switch (RSW) is made conductive by the square-wave signal in operation, and with a control switch (T) connected between the control input of the regulation switch (RSW) and a pole (GND) of the direct-current supply and having a control input connected to the capacitor (C).

Abstract: The motor comprises a rotor with permanent magnets with at least one pair of poles, a stator having a winding wound around a magnetic circuit, position-detectors for providing driving signals in dependence on the angular position of the rotor, and a driver circuit for controlling the flow of current in the stator winding in dependence on the signals supplied by the position-detectors. The winding is divided into a first half-winding and a second half-winding wound around the magnetic circuit in opposite directions. The driver circuit comprises first and second controlled switches in series with the first stator half-winding and with the second stator half-winding, respectively, in respective circuit branches arranged in parallel between the supply terminals.

Abstract: A brushless electric motor has a rotor carrying a plurality of permanent magnet elements uniformly spaced apart and a stator armature separated from the rotor by a circumferential air gap of uniform thickness and having a plurality of uniform slots provided therein at equally spaced intervals and facing the air gap. The cogging torque associated with the motor is reduced by bevelling the inner corners of the magnet elements and spacing the magnet elements apart at a desired spacing so as to provide a desired distribution for the density of magnetic energy stored in the air gap. Magnetic flux conductors may also be disposed on the magnet elements to affect the distribution of the density of the magnetic energy stored in the air gap.

Abstract: The driver circuit (10) comprises a first triac or the like (11) for connection in series with the stator winding (5, 6) of the motor between the terminals (12, 13) of an alternating-current voltage supply, the gate of the first triac (11) being arranged for connection to an intermediate point (C) of the stator winding (5, 6) of the motor (M). A second triac or the like (15) is connected between the intermediate point (C) of the winding (5, 6) and the terminal (13) of the voltage supply to which the first triac (11) is connected. A control circuit (15-27) is connected to the gate of the second triac (15) such that, each time the motor (M) is connected to the voltage supply, it initially makes the second triac (15) conductive and consequently cuts off the first triac (11) for a predetermined initial period of time, and cuts off the second triac (15) and allows the first triac (11) to become conductive after this period of time.

Abstract: The system comprises sensors (PS) for detecting the angular position of the rotor (R) of the motor and a driver circuit (DC) arranged to control conduction in the controlled switches (SW) associated with the phases (W) of the motor and in a regulation switch (RSW) in predetermined manner in dependence on the position signals emitted by the sensors (PS). The regulation switch (RSW) is driven in an on/off manner by means of a square-wave signal. The system further comprises a protection circuit (PC) with a capacitor (C) connected to the control input of the regulation switch (RSW) so that the capacitor (C) is charged each time the regulation switch (RSW) is made conductive by the square-wave signal in operation, and with a control switch (T) connected between the control input of the regulation switch (RSW) and a pole (GND) of the direct-current supply and having a control input connected to the capacitor (C).

Abstract: A method and system is provided for controlling the operation of a brushless electric motor of the type having at least two phase windings, each of the phase windings being connected in series with a respective switch to form a respective circuit branch between the terminals of a constant voltage source thereby forming a plurality of said circuit branches in parallel to each other. A plurality of signals, each signal indicative of the electromotive force developed in a respective one of the phase windings during operation of the motor, is generated and compared with a predetermined reference value so as to generate synchronization logic signal. A control signal indicative of the angular rotor position of the motor is generated using the synchronization signal and compared with a first and a second reference signal for generating respective processing signals for controlling the current flow in each said respective circuit branch.