Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal panel wherein provisions are made to effectively prevent the infiltration of gas from an end portion of a liquid crystal cell or from areas near cut portions of the liquid crystal cell, and a method for fabricating such a liquid crystal panel. More particularly, the present invention provides a liquid crystal panel includes a liquid crystal cell which includes a first substrate, a second substrate, a sealing member, and a liquid crystal layer provided between the first and second transparent substrates and sealed by the sealing member, a planarizing layer formed so as to cover an end portion of the liquid crystal cell, and a gas barrier layer formed on the planarizing layer. The invention also provides a method for producing such a liquid crystal panel.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal panel wherein provisions are made to effectively prevent the infiltration of gas from an end portion of a liquid crystal cell or from areas near cut portions of the liquid crystal cell, and a method for fabricating such a liquid crystal panel. More particularly, the present invention provides a liquid crystal panel includes a liquid crystal cell which includes a first substrate, a second substrate, a sealing member, and a liquid crystal layer provided between the first and second transparent substrates and sealed by the sealing member, a planarizing layer formed so as to cover an end portion of the liquid crystal cell, and a gas barrier layer formed on the planarizing layer. The invention also provides a method for producing such a liquid crystal panel.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device comprises: first and second transparent substrates; a liquid crystal that is enclosed between the first and second transparent substrates; a first color filter that is formed on either the first or second transparent substrate; a light reflective layer that has a plurality of openings and that is formed on the second transparent substrate toward the liquid crystal; and a second color filter that is formed on the second transparent substrate on the side opposite to the liquid crystal. The second color filter is fabricated by forming a layer of a color photosensitive material such as a photosensitive emulsion and illuminating and coloring this layer by light transmitting through the first color filter using the reflective layer as an exposure mask. As a result, a second color filter, that has a color dot pattern the same as that of the first color filter, is formed by one exposure and developing process.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device comprises: first and second transparent substrates; a liquid crystal that is enclosed between the first and second transparent substrates; a first color filter that is formed on either the first or second transparent substrate; a light reflective layer that has a plurality of openings and that is formed on the second transparent substrate toward the liquid crystal; and a second color filter that is formed on the second transparent substrate on the side opposite to the liquid crystal. The second color filter is fabricated by forming a layer of a color photosensitive material such as a photosensitive emulsion and illuminating and coloring this layer by light transmitting through the first color filter using the reflective layer as an exposure mask. As a result, a second color filter, that has a color dot pattern the same as that of the first color filter, is formed by one exposure and developing process.

Abstract: In an image device according to the invention, one end of a panel having a pixel section is extended and an external connection board connected to the extended portion, and first and second integrated circuits, each containing a driving circuit for the panel, are mounted on at least either the extended portion or the external connection board and are arranged one behind the other along a direction directed from the external connection board toward the panel. Input wiring lines for the second integrated circuit mounted nearer to the panel are passed under the first integrated circuit mounted farther from the panel, and are then connected to the second integrated circuit. Alternatively, output wiring lines from the first integrated circuit mounted farther from the panel are routed into the panel by being passed under the integrated circuit mounted nearer to the panel.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an apparatus using an electro-optical modulating material such as a liquid crystal, comprising the steps of: (a) forming a cell by bonding together a first substrate (10) and a second substrate (20) by a sealing member (17) with a gap (15) yet to be filled with the electro-optical modulating material provided between the first and the second substrate, wherein the first substrate (10) includes at least a first electrode (11) and the second substrate (20) includes at least a second electrode (24) and an optically reflective member (21) having a light-transmitting portion (22); (b) forming a photocuring resin layer (30a) on a surface of the second substrate (20) of the cell opposite from the gap (15); and (c) irradiating the photocuring resin layer (30a) with light projected from below the first substrate (10) and passed through the gap (15), the light-transmitting portion (22), and the second substrate (20), and thereby forming a microlens for converging light, directed into the seco

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device comprises: first and second transparent substrates; a liquid crystal that is enclosed between the first and second transparent substrates; a first color filter that is formed on either the first or second transparent substrate; a light reflective layer that has a plurality of openings and that is formed on the second transparent substrate toward the liquid crystal; and a second color filter that is formed on the second transparent substrate on the side opposite to the liquid crystal. The second color filter is fabricated by forming a layer of a color photosensitive material such as a photosensitive emulsion and illuminating and coloring this layer by light transmitting through the first color filter using the reflective layer as an exposure mask. As a result, a second color filter, that has a color dot pattern the same as that of the first color filter, is formed by one exposure and developing process.

Abstract: In an image device according to the invention, one end of a panel having a pixel section is extended and an external connection board connected to the extended portion, and first and second integrated circuits, each containing a driving circuit for the panel, are mounted on at least either the extended portion or the external connection board and are arranged one behind the other along a direction directed from the external connection board toward the panel. Input wiring lines for the second integrated circuit mounted nearer to the panel are passed under the first integrated circuit mounted farther from the panel, and are then connected to the second integrated circuit. Alternatively, output wiring lines from the first integrated circuit mounted farther from the panel are routed into the panel by being passed under the integrated circuit mounted nearer to the panel.

Abstract: An active matrix addressed liquid crystal display device includes: a plurality of data lines; a plurality of scan lines each intersected with each of the plurality of data lines; liquid crystal elements each provided to each intersecting point of the plurality of data lines and scan lines; two-terminal switching elements each provided to each intersecting point of the plurality of data lines and scan lines; a data line drive unit for generating data signals to drive the data lines; and a scan line drive unit for generating scan signals to drive the scan lines. The scan signals are formed of a selecting term, a current applying term preceding the selecting term, and a holding term following the selecting term. The current applying term is formed by more than three current applying small terms. The three small terms are formed by the same polarity of potential as that of the selecting term, and by the polarity of potential opposite to that of the selecting term.

Abstract: A method of driving a two-terminal type active matrix liquid crystal display device while improving printing of image and residual image caused by the characteristics of the switching elements that change depending upon the current. The liquid-crystal display device has a plurality of data lines and scanning lines, and liquid-crystal pixels provided at the intersecting points of said data lines and said scanning lines, said liquid-crystal pixels having at least one two-terminal type switching element and being driven by a scanning signal applied to the scanning lines and by a data signal applied to the data lines. The scanning signal .phi.(n) has current application periods (27, 28, 32, 33) for flowing a current to the switching elements preceding the select periods (26, 31). The scanning signal further has holding periods after the select periods.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display in which driver ICs are directly mounted on substrates for accessing a display portion according to a COG mounting method, where the outward connecting portion of each driver IC is arranged in a direction substantially perpendicular to that of the display portion viewed from an IC mounting portion on which the driver IC is mounted, each outward connecting portion connecting input electrodes connected to the input terminals of each driver IC to each external wiring. The projecting lengths of flanges of the liquid crystal display on the substrates are shortened and consequently the outer dimensions of the liquid crystal display are reduced by more than 20%. Moreover, it is also possible to increase the yield of a multiple-display layout by more than 50% during manufacture.

Abstract: A method of aligning liquid crystal molecules in an active matrix liquid crystal display element having an active substrate (1) provided with a switching element in each pixel for driving a picture element in the pixel, an opposite substrate (2) provided opposite to the active substrate is disclosed. Aligning molecules at the side of the active substrate is performed in a supplementary alignment direction (22) and in a main alignment direction (23). Aligning molecules at the side of the opposite substrate is performed in a direction different from that of the main alignment direction, thereby reducing an influence of a shadow of a projection on the active substrate.

Abstract: A matrix display panel comprising a plurality of liquid crystal display elements. Each liquid crystal display element is connected to a plurality of diode rings which are connected in series between a scanning electrode and a data electrode. Each diode ring comprises a pair of diodes of opposite polarity which are connected in parallel.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device having a color filter comprises a liquid crystal shutter device, at least one color filter layer formed on one surface of the liquid crystal shutter device, and at least one diffusion preventing layer for protecting the color filter layer. The color filter layer is prepared by a photolithographic process comprising the steps of forming a layer being colored of gelatin and the like on one surface of the liquid crystal shutter device, coating a photoresist layer thereon, while illuminating the liquid crystal shutter device by white light from the other surface thereof, applying a voltage to the selected opposed surface thereof, applying a voltage to the selected opposed electrode groups to form a latent image in alignment with the electrode groups by a photochemical action, developing the latent image to form a photomask, and while using this mask as a guide, coloring the layer being colored.

Abstract: An "active matrix" type of liquid crystal matrix display panel, in which diodes are employed as switching elements coupled to each liquid crystal display element, photo-sensing elements such as photo-diodes are formed upon the display panel to enable data input to the panel by variation of the electrical characteristics of the photo-sensing elements by selectively varying the level of light incident thereon. The photo-sensing elements, when composed of photo-diodes, can be formed during the same manufacturing process and in the same manufacturing steps as those in which the diode switching elements are formed, so that no appreciable increase in manufacturing cost is entailed by adding such a data input function.

Abstract: In a matrix display device, non-linear resistance elements are coupled to each display element for controlling selective activation of display elements in response to drive signals, with each non-linear resistance element comprising sets of rectifying elements formed by thin film deposition which are connected in parallel with one another with opposing polarities. Each set comprise one or more rectifying elements formed of for example PN junctions, PIN junctions, Schottky junctions, etc., using material such as amorphous silicon as a semiconductor material, and the rectifying elements can be disposed in a multilayer configuration in order to reduce the display area occupied, or can be provided with transparent electrodes to positively utilized incident light to enhance current flow.

Abstract: A color display device of the type having a plurality of light-transmissible and non-light-emitting picture elements such as liquid crystal display. The plurality of non-light-emitting picture elements for red, green and blue are arranged in checked arrangement. The number of the picture elements for green is larger than each of the other picture elements for red and blue and the total intensity of transmitting light at each of picture elements for said three colors is equal to each of the other picture elements, respectively. The number of picture elements for green is, for example, twice as many as either one of the other picture elements.

Abstract: A method of driving an "active matrix" display device which is driven by scanning signals to sequentially store and display image signal data by successive rows of picture elements, incorporating for example liquid crystal display elements, whereby the image signal data applied to successive picture element rows (or successive groups of rows) is alternately inverted in polarity about a fixed reference potential. Image-dependent leakage current effects caused by non-ideal characteristics of the matrix switching elements are thereby effectively reduced due to the elimination of low-frequency components other than the reference potential from the image signals applied to each column of display elements.

Abstract: A method of driving a matrix display device in which each display element (e.g. a liquid crystal display element) is connected in series with a non-linear resistance element, utilizing row scanning signals which vary periodically between 4 different potentials, the potentials being selected such that an alternating bias potential is applied to each display element both in the non-activated and in the activated state thereof, and such that satisfactory operation can be attained using non-linear resistance elements having a threshold voltage which is considerably lower than has been practicable in the prior art, e.g. with the threshold voltage of a single PN junction being utilizable.

Abstract: A method of driving an active matrix display device which includes row electrodes, column electrodes, and active elements and display members provided at crossing points of the row and column electrodes and having a storing function is disclosed. According to the method, a serial video signal is stored into the individual column electrodes, and then at a next timing, a group of the active elements corresponding to particular ones of the row electrodes are rendered operative to cause signals to be stored into corresponding ones of the display members. This method thus attains uniform writing, uniform display and simplification of circuitry.