Abstract: A scrambled transmission system for transmitting a digital data containing variable length coding conforming to a MPEG standard includes a scramble key generator for generating a scramble key at a timing of each GOP head. A GOP head detector detects each GOP head and causes the scramble key generator to refresh the scramble key. A seed generator generates a scramble seed based on said scramble key at a timing of each slice head. A slice head detector detects each slice head and causes the seed generator to refresh the scramble seed. A random number generator scrambles the digital data based on the scramble seed. A multiplexer embeds the scramble key in the extension.sub.-- and.sub.-- user.sub.-- data of the scrambled data.

Abstract: A scrambling system has a scrambling apparatus and a descrambling apparatus for scrambling and descrambling a digital audio signal having a plurality of 16-bit long sample data units. The scrambling apparatus has a detector for detecting, in each sample data unit, a meaningless portion which is a portion including the MSB and a meaningful portion which is a portion including the LSB, and applying scrambling only to the meaningful portion. Since the meaningless portion is not scrambled, no error data will appear in the meaningless portion. Thus, an unexpected abrupt change in sound caused by a bit error in the meaningless portion which has bits with greater weighted value can be avoided.

Abstract: A scramble system of the present invention including a scramble apparatus and a descramble apparatus is applied to a recording and reproducing system or a transmission and receiving system wherein a frame of a digital video signal composed of a plurality of frames is divided into a plurality of predetermined fundamental video blocks corresponding to recording and reproducing processes. Either one of the recording and reproducing system and the transmission and receiving system executes a reconstruction process such as an interpolation process, a high speed playback process or the like.

Abstract: The occurrence of malfunction on the reproduction side is avoided by preventing a scrambled signal from being coincided with a reserved word in the signal when a scramble process is carried out in order to release a transmission signal to specific users. The scramble process includes at least one of methods of (1) bit-inverting specified codes of the transmission signal code by code, (2) limiting bits to be scrambled from a specified position in the transmission signal, and (3) limiting codes to be scrambled to specific codes.

Abstract: A scramble apparatus is for scrambling data including a variable length code and a descramble apparatus for descrambling a scrambled signal, and a scramble transmission apparatus comprising the scramble apparatus and the descramble apparatus. A specific code of data is converted into a readable code having a length equal to that of an original code.

Abstract: In a facsimile communication method, a receiving facsimile machine receives a training check field signal TCF from a transmitting facsimile machine and sends a confirmation to receive signal CFR or a failure to train signal FTT to the transmitting facsimile machine depending on a result of the reception of the training check field signal TCF so as to determine a modem transmission speed. A number of erroneous bits in the training check field signal TCF which is sent from the transmitting facsimile machine at an initial modem transmission speed and received by the receiving facsimile machine is detected, and the modem transmission speed is set based on the detected number of erroneous bits. A facsimile information bit which indicates the set modem transmission speed is added to the failure to train signal FTT which is sent from the receiving facsimile machine to the transmitting facsimile machine.

Abstract: Newly isolated yeasts assimilating a high amount of protein are added to a waste water rich in protein thereby making such yeasts assimilate protein, so that the B.O.D. of the waste water is efficiently decreased.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a new and distinct decumbent type Petunia plant named `Liricashower Rose`, having compact growth habit bred from crosses made in Japan from South America commercial Petunias of creeping growth habit. The new variety is strongly branching with a great profusion of blooms. The flowers are single and small with bright purplish rose colored petals. The plant is highly resistant to rain, heat, and drought.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a new and distinct decumbent type Petunia plant named `Liricashower Blue`, having compact growth habit bred from crosses made in Japan from South America commercial Petunias of creeping growth habit. The new variety is strongly branching with a great profusion of blooms. The flowers are single and small with violet blue colored petals. The plant is highly resistant to rain, heat, and drought.