Abstract: A fixing device configured to fix an image on a recording material, includes: a rotary member including an electroconductive layer; a coil which has a spiral shaped portion and is disposed in the inside of the rotary member; and a core disposed in the spiral shaped portion; with magnetic resistance of the core being, with an area from one end to the other end of the maximum passage region of the image on the recording material regarding the generatrix direction, equal to or smaller than 30% of combined magnetic resistance made up of magnetic resistance of the electroconductive layer and magnetic resistance of a region between the electroconductive layer and the core.

Abstract: A fixing device configured to fix an image on a recording material, includes: a rotary member including an electroconductive layer; a coil which has a spiral shaped portion and is disposed in the inside of the rotary member; and a core disposed in the spiral shaped portion; with magnetic resistance of the core being, with an area from one end to the other end of the maximum passage region of the image on the recording material regarding the generatrix direction, equal to or smaller than 30% of combined magnetic resistance made up of magnetic resistance of the electroconductive layer and magnetic resistance of a region between the electroconductive layer and the core.

Abstract: A fixing device configured to fix an image on a recording material, includes: a rotary member including an electroconductive layer; a coil which has a spiral shaped portion and is disposed in the inside of the rotary member; and a core disposed in the spiral shaped portion; with magnetic resistance of the core being, with an area from one end to the other end of the maximum passage region of the image on the recording material regarding the generatrix direction, equal to or smaller than 30% of combined magnetic resistance made up of magnetic resistance of the electroconductive layer and magnetic resistance of a region between the electroconductive layer and the core.

Abstract: A fixing device configured to fix an image on a recording material, includes: a rotary member including an electroconductive layer; a coil which has a spiral shaped portion and is disposed in the inside of the rotary member; and a core disposed in the spiral shaped portion; with magnetic resistance of the core being, with an area from one end to the other end of the maximum passage region of the image on the recording material regarding the generatrix direction, equal to or smaller than 30% of combined magnetic resistance made up of magnetic resistance of the electroconductive layer and magnetic resistance of a region between the electroconductive layer and the core.

Abstract: A fixing device configured to fix an image on a recording material, includes: a rotary member including an electroconductive layer; a coil which has a spiral shaped portion and is disposed in the inside of the rotary member; and a core disposed in the spiral shaped portion; with magnetic resistance of the core being, with an area from one end to the other end of the maximum passage region of the image on the recording material regarding the generatrix direction, equal to or smaller than 30% of combined magnetic resistance made up of magnetic resistance of the electroconductive layer and magnetic resistance of a region between the electroconductive layer and the core.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus is provided in which, by detecting an image formed on a recording medium, at least one of the density and chromaticity of the image can be properly controlled. The image forming apparatus includes an image forming unit for forming a toner image on an image carrier, a transfer unit for transferring the toner image formed by the image forming unit onto a transfer material in a transfer position, a fusing unit for fusing the toner image transferred by the transfer unit on the transfer material, a feed-direction changing unit for changing over a feed direction of the transfer material so that the transfer material having the toner image fused by the fusing unit is reversed and fed to the transfer position, a detecting unit for detecting, in a predetermined detecting position, the toner image fused on the transfer material by the fusing unit, and a control unit for controlling the image forming unit based on result detected by the detecting unit.

Abstract: A semiconductor laser device is formed by laminating optical confinement layers and active layers so as to dispose each of said active layers between said optical confinement layers, wherein one of the opposite ends perpendicular to the junction planes of the individual layers in the semiconductor multi-layer film is coated with a low reflection film and the other of the ends is coated with a high reflection film, wherein the low reflection film is an Al2O3 film having a resistivity of 1×1012 &OHgr;·m or more, preferably 1×1013 &OHgr;·m or more, and having a stoichiometric ratio composition, which is deposited by, for example, an electron cyclotron resonance sputtering process.

Abstract: A filter press type dewatering system including a filter press machine, a hydraulically driven pressure-feed pump for compressing slurry introduced from a slurry supply source and driving the slurry into the filter press machine, a pressure control valve for increasing/reducing the flow rate of pressured oil supplied to the pressure-feed pump, a flow rate sensor for detecting the flow rate of filtered water discharged from the filter press machine, a pressure sensor for detecting dewatering pressure in the filter press machine, and control means of outputting a control signal to the pressure control valve in accordance with input signals from the flow rate sensor and the pressure sensor.

Abstract: The time and cost to produce a moving-picture CD-ROM software are reduced by preparing a time-out table from set time, reading a material from a data base (1), reproducing the material, performing pertinent processings referring to the time-out table whenever timer interrupt is made, when reproduction is completed or virtual user interrupt is made, retrieving next data from the database, and reproducing the next data.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus is provided in which, by detecting an image formed on a recording medium, at least one of the density and chromaticity of the image can be properly controlled. The image forming apparatus comprises an image forming unit for forming a toner image on an image carrier, a transfer unit for transferring the toner image formed by the image forming unit onto a transfer material in a transfer position, a fusing unit for fusing the toner image transferred by the transfer unit on the transfer material, a feed-direction changing unit for changing over a feed direction of the transfer material so that the transfer material having the toner image fused by the fusing unit is reversed and fed to the transfer position, a detecting unit for detecting, in a predetermined detecting position, the toner image fused on the transfer material by the fusing unit, and a control unit for controlling the image forming unit based on a result detected by the detecting unit.

Abstract: A surface emitting semiconductor laser device including a substrate and a layer structure formed thereon, the layer structure including an active layer, p-type and n-type distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) sandwiching therebetween the active layer, and first and second selectively-oxidized layers disposed within or in vicinities of the p-type and n-type DBRs, respectively, each of the p-type and n-type DBRs including a plurality of layer pairs each including a lower reflection layer and a higher reflection layer, each of the selectively-oxidized layers including a central AlxGa1-xAs area (x≧0.98) and a peripheral oxide area formed by oxidizing an outer periphery of the central AlxGa1-xAs area, the peripheral oxide area of the first selectively-oxidized layers has a width smaller than a width of the peripheral oxide area of the second selectively-oxidized layer.

Abstract: The time and cost to produce a moving-picture CD-ROM software are reduced by preparing a time-out table from set time, reading a material from a data base (1), reproducing the material, performing pertinent processings referring to the time-out table whenever timer interrupt is made, when reproduction is completed or virtual user interrupt is made, retrieving next data from the database, and reproducing the next data.

Abstract: In an optical printer which performs image recording by using plural laser beams, there is a case where abnormality can not be normally confirmed even if a test pattern is recorded. In order to prevent such a problem, an electrophotographic apparatus is provided to drive each of the plural laser beams according to inputted image data, and to perform scanning on scan paths mutually different on an identical recording medium with the plural laser beams. In this apparatus, any one of the plural laser beams is driven within a predetermined area to record the test pattern.

Abstract: An output apparatus capable of receiving multi-level dot information of a first recording dot density, generating multi-level dot information of a second recording dot density, and transmitting the thus-generated second dot information in a visible way. The output apparatus comprises: a receiving device capable of receiving multi-level dot information of a first recording dot density; a generating device capable of generating multi-level interpolation dot information by applying a predetermined calculation to the thus-received multi-level dot information; and a dot density conversion device capable of generating multi-level dot information of a second, higher recording dot density from said interpolation dot information and the received multi-level dot information, whereby high density image data can be generated from low density image data.

Abstract: An output apparatus capable of receiving multi-level dot information of a first recording dot density, generating multi-level dot information of a second recording dot density, and transmitting the thus-generated second dot information in a visible way. The output apparatus comprises: a receiving device capable of receiving multi-level dot information of a first recording dot density; a generating device capable of generating multi-level interpolation dot information by applying a predetermined calculation to the thus-received multi-level dot information; and a dot density conversion device capable of generating multi-level dot information of second higher recording dot density from said interpolation dot information and the received multi-level dot information, whereby high density image data can be generated from low density image data.

Abstract: An electrical connector electrically connectable with a main assembly connector, provided in a main assembly of an electrophotographic image forming apparatus includes storing member for storing information; a plurality of electrical contacts for separably connecting with a contact of the main assembly connector, when they are connected electrically with the main assembly connector; wherein the storing member is electrically connected with each of the electrical contacts with lead lines.

Abstract: A computer implemented method for generating virtual files to provide more flexibility and efficiency in the sharing of data within a physical information file. In a computer system, a large physical file contains many separate data portions that need to be shared. In one case, the data portions can correspond to video and audio information of multi-media scenes. An application can need to jump within the physical file from scene to scene when composing user interactive multi-media applications, such as storybook applications. The present invention provides a mechanism allowing a user to define a virtual file containing certain data portions of the physical file. The user inputs an offset value representing a byte offset from the start of the data portion in the physical file and also the size of the data portion is input. The offset value, the size and the file name of the virtual file is recorded into an index file.

Abstract: A laser beam printer which detects the position of a laser beam in order to scan a photosensitive member. The laser beam is detected at a predetermined position, wherein the laser beam is detected at a time during which a rotating polygon mirror is rotating at a speed less than a predetermined speed. Laser beam detection signals are then output. A timing of the output of the detection signals is predicted, wherein the detection signals are not output at a constant interval because the rotating polygon mirror is rotating at a speed less than the predetermined speed. A signal to turn on the laser beam is generated based on the predicted timing. In another aspect, a line for the detection signals is completed or broken at a timing based on an output interval of the detection signals.

Abstract: In a laser beam printer, automatic optical quantity (APC) control is performed based on an optical quantity detection output to generate a laser beam having a predetermined quantity of light. In each scanning cycle, APC is effected by utilizing a period (unblanking period) in which the laser device is forcibly actuated to generate a horizontal synchronization signal. The unblanking period may be changed according to the print paper size or image formation/non-image-formation periods. Also, light quantity control may be effected through a plurality of scanning cycles before image formation and may be effected by utilizing the unblanking period during the period corresponding to the intervals of print sheets. Techniques also provided to prevent a transfer unit from being contaminated by toner images formed as a byproduct of APC.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process cartridge removably mounted to an electrophotographic image forming apparatus. The process cartridge includes; a cartridge frame, an electrophotographic photosensitive member provided within the cartridge frame, a process device for acting on the electrophotographic photosensitive member, a memory device for storing information to be transmitted to the electrophotographic image forming apparatus, a positioning portion for positioning the cartridge frame with respect to the image forming apparatus when the process cartridge is mounted to the image forming apparatus, and an exposure opening provided in the cartridge frame and to pass information light from the image forming apparatus to be illuminated on the electrophotographic photosensitive member when the process cartridge is mounted to the image forming apparatus.