Abstract: A developing device includes a developer container for accommodating one component magnetic toner; a rotatable toner carrying member, faced to an image bearing member for bearing an electrostatic image to form a developing zone therebetween, for carrying the toner in the container; a magnet member in the toner carrying member; a regulating member, elastically urged to the toner carrying member to form a nip therebetween, for regulating a toner layer thickness on the toner carrying member; wherein the magnet member has a magnetic pole, upstream of the nip with respect to a movement direction of the toner carrying member, for supplying the toner in the container to the toner carrying member, and wherein the magnet member does not generate a magnetic field effective for chain erection of the toner in a range from an upstream end of the nip to a downstream end of the developing zone.

Abstract: A phase difference measuring apparatus obtains a first receive signal by transmitting and receiving a to-be-measured material in a reference state and a second receive signal by transmitting and receiving a signal wave to and from that material in a measured state. The apparatus finds a reference phase difference .theta..sub.1 from the transmit wave and first receive signal and an apparent phase difference .theta..sub.2 ' from the transmit wave and second receive signal. The apparatus adds the apparent phase difference .theta..sub.2 ' to a product of the number of rotations, n, the apparent phase difference .theta..sub.2 ' passes through a given reference point and an angle of 360.degree. to find a true phase difference .theta..sub.2. The apparatus varies the number of rotations, n, to n+1 when the apparent phase difference .theta..sub.2 ', while being increased, passes through the reference point and that number of rotations, n, to n=n-1 when the apparent phase difference .theta..sub.

Abstract: A developing apparatus includes a developer carrying member for carrying developer, opposed to an image bearing member for bearing an electrostatic image; a regulating member for regulating an amount of the developer to be applied on the developer carrying member; and electric field generator for generating an oscillating electric field between the developer carrying member and the regulating member; wherein the amount of the developer to be applied on the developer carrying member is regulated to no less than 0.6 mg/cm.sup.2 and no more than 1.5 mg/cm.sup.2 by the regulating member.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a image bearing member having a photosensitive layer, a surface protection layer having fluorine resin material; a charging member contactable to the image bearing member to electrically charge the image bearing member, the charging member is capable of being supplied with an oscillation voltage, and wherein a peak-to-peak voltage of the oscillating voltage applied across a gap between a surface of the charging member and the surface of the image bearing member, is not less than twice a charge starting voltage of the image bearing member in the gap and not more than 1600 volt.

Abstract: An electroendoscope apparatus which uses a plurality of types of electroendoscopes having solid-state imaging devices of different specifications and which performs signal processing on the basis of a plurality of signal processing systems, which includes: a video memory device used commonly among the plurality of signal processing systems; a circuit data recording device for recording circuit data corresponding to each of the plurality of signal processing systems; and a signal processing device, composed of programmable logic elements, which forms a dedicated processing circuit corresponding to each of the plurality of signal processing systems on the basis of the circuit data recorded by the circuit data recording device.

Abstract: An endoscope system comprises an endoscope control unit provided with an image signal generating circuit for signal processing an image pickup signal from an endoscope to generate an image signal, and a drive-signal generating circuit for generating a drive signal for driving an image pickup element provided on the endoscope; a first endoscope capable of being connected to the endoscope control unit and provided with a first image pickup element for image pickup of a subject image; a second endoscope capable of being connected to the endoscope control unit and provided with a second image pickup element different from the first image pickup element, for picking up the subject image; and a signal rationalizing circuit for rationalizing a form of a signal exchanged between at least one of the first endoscope and the second endoscope, and the endoscope control unit.

Abstract: An image pickup unit provided with an image pickup element is of structure capable of being detachably received in an endoscope body or a TV camera. After having been used in observation, the image pickup unit is dismounted, whereby disinfection processing and sterilization processing of the endoscope body from which the image pickup unit is dismounted, or the TV camera can be executed without inviting deterioration and the like of a characteristic of the image pickup unit by a disinfection unit, a sterilization unit or the like.

Abstract: A phase difference measuring apparatus obtains a first receive signal by transmitting and receiving a to-be-measured material in a reference state and a second receive signal by transmitting and receiving a signal wave to and from that material in a measured state. The apparatus finds a reference phase difference .theta..sub.1 from the transmit wave and first receive signal and an apparent phase difference .theta..sub.2' from the transmit wave and second receive signal. The apparatus adds the apparent phase difference .theta..sub.2' to a product of the number of rotations, n, the apparent phase difference .theta..sub.2' passes through a given reference point and an angle of 360.degree. to find a true phase difference .theta..sub.2. The apparatus varies the number of rotations, n, to n+1 when the apparent phase difference .theta..sub.2', while being increased, passes through the reference point and that number of rotations, n, to n=n-1 when the apparent phase difference .theta..sub.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing hydrogen storage alloy particles comprises steps of obtaining a melt of the hydrogen storage alloy and pulverizing the hydrogen storage alloy by water atomizing process, whereby the melt is pulverized by contacting or colliding with high-speed jetting thereto to be dispersed in the form of solidified fine particles. By employing an aqueous solution of hypophosphorous acid or an alkali aqueous solution in place of water during the water atomizing process, or by etching the oxide films once formed on the surface of the hydrogen storage alloy particles with an aqueous solution of a strong acid, the thickness of the oxide film can be made thinner, and thus a high discharge capacity of a battery configured with a negative electrode comprising the alloy particles can be realized.

Abstract: A control system for controlling a cache tag memory has an address conversion device which includes an associative storage for storing logical addresses, a random access memory for storing physical addresses, and a hit-signal generating circuit for generating a hit signal, a word selecting signal and at least one control signal. The hit signal indicates that a hit has occurred between a logical address stored in the associative storage and an input logical address. The address conversion device controls the reading operation of a tag address stored in the cache tag memory by using the control signal generated by the hit-signal generating circuit in synchronization with a word selecting signal used in the reading operation of a physical address stored in the random access memory such that the physical address and the tag address are read at substantially the same time.

Abstract: A microwave densitometer comprises a phase difference detecting section for detecting a phase difference between a microwave generated from a microwave generator and a microwave received by a microwave receiver, a rotation number updating section for varying a value of number of rotations "n", a correcting section for obtaining a difference value .DELTA..THETA. indicating a difference between a true phase difference .THETA..sub.2 and a reference phase difference .THETA..sub.1 ' a signal converter for converting the difference value .DELTA..THETA. to a concentration signal an operation mode setter for setting a operation mode, and a holding circuit for holding the number of rotations "n" and the apparent phase difference .THETA..sub.2 ' when a concentration measuring operation of the fluid to be measured is switched to a non-measuring operation in response to a change of the operation mode set to the operation mode setter.

Abstract: The present invention discloses the structure of a MIS capacitor adapted to be interposed between two terminals, i.e., first and second terminals, to be connected to an electric circuit. Formed on a common semiconductor substrate are first and second capacity insulator layers, first and second electrically conductive layers thereon, and first and second impurity diffusion areas under the first and second capacity insulator layers. Also formed are a first wiring line which connects the first electrically conductive layer and the second impurity diffusion area to the first terminal, and a second wiring line which connects the second electrically conductive layer and the first impurity diffusion area to the second terminal. Accordingly, the first electrically conductive layer and the second impurity diffusion area form one electrode, while the second electrically conductive layer and the first impurity diffusion area form the other electrode.

Abstract: An endoscope system includes a movement detector for detecting an operator's movement, a signal processor for processing a signal the detector detects, and a control for controlling drive which drives a medical device according to an output signal of the signal processor. The endoscope system bends a bending section of an endoscope serving as a medical device according to the operator's movement, and thus orients the observation field of view to a direction the operator intends or controls the movement of a treatment adapter serving as a medical device. The endoscope system includes a superimposing means for superimposing an image associated with the operator's movement onto an image acquired by an imaging device associated with the endoscope system.

Abstract: A hydrogen storage alloy for negative electrodes in an alkaline storage battery is disclosed. The alloy is represented by the general formula MmNi.sub.x M.sub.y, wherein Mm is a misch metal or a mixture of rare earth elements, and M is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Al, Mn, Co, Cu, Fe, Cr, Zr, Ti and V and wherein 5.0.gtoreq.x +y.gtoreq.5.5, and has a microstructure comprising a phase composed of a crystal structure of CaCu.sub.5 type and is capable of absorbing and desorbing hydrogen in a reversible manner, and at least one phase consisting mainly of an element or elements other than Mm, and incapable of storing hydrogen.

Abstract: A densitometer using a microwave comprises a microwave detection section, a phase detection section, and a density calculation section. The microwave detection section picks up a first microwave receiving signal by transmitting and receiving a microwave of a frequency band of 1.4 --GHz-- to 1.75 --GHz-- to/from a reference fluid, and a second microwave receiving signal by transmitting and receiving a microwave of a frequency band of 1.4 --GHz-- to 1.75 --GHz-- to/from a measuring fluid. The phase detection section obtains a phase difference between the first microwave receiving signal and the second microwave receiving signal. The density calculation section calculates the density of measuring fluid based on the phase difference obtained by the phase detection section.

Abstract: As a TLB (translation look-aside buffer) of a fully associative system is organized, a first CAM (content addressable memory) cell array and a first RAM (random access memory) cell array which together make up one entry are arranged in such a way that they face each other across a control circuit. As a cache memory of a fully associative system is organized, a second CAM cell array and a second RAM cell array which together make up one entry are arranged in such a way that they face each other across the control circuit. Additionally, the second CAM cell array is located next to the first RAM cell array, whereas the second RAM cell array is located next to the first CAM cell array. These four cell arrays make up one section. At the time of a hit in the first CAM cell array, the control circuit enables readout of the first RAM cell array, while it, at the time of a hit of the second CAM cell array, enables readout of the second RAM cell array.

Abstract: A microprocessor has a CPU, an address converter which converts a logical address to a physical address, first and second latches which are controlled by a control signal and store the physical addresses, and a dual port cache memory device. The dual port cache memory device has decoders which operate according to second parts of outputs of the latches, dual port memory arrays which can be independently accessed by outputs of the decoders, a comparator which compares a physical address output from the dual port memory array and a first part of an output of the first latch to determine if they are the same, and a second comparator which compares a physical address output from the dual port memory array and a first part of an output of the second latch to determine if they are the same.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device has an address translator and a comparator. An entry of the address translator includes an associative memory cell array for storing and comparing a logical address of at least m bits. A first decoder generates a first word signal for the associative memory cell array. A first random access memory cell array stores a physical address of m bits. A controller generates a word signal for the first random access memory cell according to the first word signal and a result of a comparison by the associative memory cell array. A second random access memory cell stores a physical address of m bits. The second random access memory cell is physically disposed near the first random access memory cell array. A second decoder generates a second word signal for the second random access memory cell array.

Abstract: An instruction supplier for a microprocessor prevents a functional error operation of the microprocessor. In the instruction supplier, an instruction register temporarily stores an inputted instruction therein, and an instruction memory stores at least one instruction therein. At least one comparator is provided for detecting whether or not at least one instruction stored in the instruction memory agrees with the instruction stored in the instruction register, respectively, by comparing them, and for outputting a comparison result signal for indicating the comparison result. Furthermore, an instruction generator generates at least one specific instruction in accordance with the comparison signal, and then, an instruction selector selects either one of the instruction stored in the instruction register and the specific instruction generated by the instruction generator to be executed, and outputs the selected instruction.

Abstract: A cache memory device including first and second address selectors and a control device for controlling the selection of two addresses out of four types of addresses. The four address types are instructions addresses successively generated by an increment of a program counter, a branch address for instruction fetch in a branch target based on a conditional branch instruction or the like, a data address for data access based on load instruction or store instruction, and a physical address for regulating data consistency between the cache memory device and other memory devices. A first memory array for storing tag addresses and a second memory array for storing instructions and data have two ports to access two selected addresses received from the first and second address selectors independently. Accordingly, access penalties by an RISC microprocessor are reduced in a processor unit in a multiprocessor system.