Abstract: There is provided an infusion set capable of significantly reducing a period of time required for work of a worker during infusion. The infusion set includes a drip chamber, a tube which is connected to an outlet of the drip chamber, a roller clip which is provided in the tube, and an M clamp which is provided between the drip chamber and the roller clip in the tube and is used for storing liquid in the drip chamber. The tube has a first tube which can be mounted to an infusion pump device, a second tube which is connected to the outlet of the drip chamber and an inlet of the first tube, and a third tube which is connected to an outlet of the first tube. The M clamp is provided in the second tube, and the roller clip is provided in the third tube.

Abstract: There is provided an infusion set capable of significantly reducing a period of time required for work of a worker during infusion. The infusion set includes a drip chamber, a tube which is connected to an outlet of the drip chamber, a roller clip which is provided in the tube, and an M clamp which is provided between the drip chamber and the roller clip in the tube and is used for storing liquid in the drip chamber. The tube has a first tube which can be mounted to an infusion pump device, a second tube which is connected to the outlet of the drip chamber and an inlet of the first tube, and a third tube which is connected to an outlet of the first tube. The M clamp is provided in the second tube, and the roller clip is provided in the third tube.

Abstract: There is provided an infusion set capable of significantly reducing a period of time required for work of a worker during infusion. The infusion set includes a drip chamber, a tube which is connected to an outlet of the drip chamber, a roller clip which is provided in the tube, and an M clamp which is provided between the drip chamber and the roller clip in the tube and is used for storing liquid in the drip chamber. The tube has a first tube which can be mounted to an infusion pump device, a second tube which is connected to the outlet of the drip chamber and an inlet of the first tube, and a third tube which is connected to an outlet of the first tube. The M clamp is provided in the second tube, and the roller clip is provided in the third tube.

Abstract: An optical reproduction apparatus includes a light source which irradiates irradiation light onto a recording medium, the irradiation light being reflected by the recording medium to produce reflection light, a modulator which repetitively pulse modulates the irradiation light to produce irradiation light pulses, a photodetector which detects reflection light from the recording medium at more than two timings during each of the irradiation light pulses, and outputs detection signals respectively representative of the reflection light detected at the more than two timings during each of the irradiation light pulses, and an operation circuit which performs an operation between the detection signals outputted from the photodetector during each of the irradiation light pulses.

Abstract: An optical reproduction method for reproducing information includes intermittently irradiating light to a moving optical medium, detecting reflected light from the moving optical medium while the light is irradiated intermittently when a moving distance of a light spot of the intermittently irradiated light on the moving optical medium is smaller than a diameter of the light spot, processing information based on the detected reflected light utilizing a differential operation, and obtaining a reproduction signal based on the differential operation.

Abstract: An optical reproduction apparatus includes a light source which irradiates irradiation light onto a recording medium, the irradiation light being reflected by the recording medium to produce reflection light, a modulator which repetitively pulse modulates the irradiation light to produce irradiation light pulses, a photodetector which detects reflection light from the recording medium at more than two timings during each of the irradiation light pulses, and outputs detection signals respectively representative of the reflection light detected at the more than two timings during each of the irradiation light pulses, and an operation circuit which performs an operation between the detection signals outputted from the photodetector during each of the irradiation light pulses.

Abstract: An optical reproduction method for reproducing information includes intermittently irradiating light to a moving optical medium, detecting reflected light from the moving optical medium while the light is irradiated intermittently when a moving distance of a light spot of the intermittently irradiated light on the moving optical medium is smaller than a diameter of the light spot, processing information based on the detected reflected light utilizing a differential operation, and obtaining a reproduction signal based on the differential operation.

Abstract: An objective is to provide a technique capable of reproducing high-density recorded fine recording marks with excellent high output and excellent quality. To this end, with the present invention, light 501 is irradiated intermittently to an optical recording medium changeable in optical nature due to irradiation of light, permitting a differential amplifier 503 to perform differential processing of a signal as obtained by detection of reflection light rays at at least two time points during irradiation of the intermittent light to thereby obtain a reproduction signal. It is thus possible to effectively detect only a signal component of certain part whereat the reflection light is changed due to light irradiation during irradiation of the intermittent light, which in turn enables reproduction of fine record information with increased resolution while enabling suppression of those components other than the change component. This makes it possible to obtain a reproduction signal with good quality.

Abstract: A magneto-optically recorded data readout system for the readout of a data pit recorded on a magneto-optical recording medium comprising a memory layer, a switching layer and a displacement layer, said system comprising a means for magnetic domain expansion of said data pit for readout. By which means the recording medium is irradiated and heated with a pulsed laser beam of light such that a domain wall of said data pit can be displaced in the displacement layer and wherein the frequency of the laser beam of light is higher than the highest frequency of the data pit.

Abstract: A magneto-optical data recording system comprises magnetic field pulse applying means for applying to a magneto-optic recording medium a magnetic field pulse of a polarity corresponding to code data to be recorded, and means for heating the recording medium in a pulsating manner at a predetermined frequency synchronous with the code data to be recorded. During recording, the magnetic field pulse applying means applies a magnetic field pulse of a polarity corresponding to code data along a track of the recording medium and the heating means continuously heats the recording medium in a pulsating manner at a predetermined frequency synchronous with the code data to thereby directly overwrite the code data. The magnetic field pulse applying means includes a magnetic coil driven by code data from a source of code data (data generator).

Abstract: A magneto-optical data recording system comprises magnetic field pulse applying means for applying to a magneto-optic recording medium a magnetic field pulse of a polarity corresponding to code data to be recorded, and means for heating the recording medium in a pulsating manner at a predetermined frequency synchronous with the code data to be recorded. During recording, the magnetic field pulse applying means applies a magnetic field pulse of a polarity corresponding to code data along a track of the recording medium and the heating means continuously heats the recording medium in a pulsating manner at a predetermined frequency synchronous with the code data to thereby directly overwrite the code data. The magnetic field pulse applying means includes a magnetic coil driven by code data from a source of code data (data generator).

Abstract: A magneto-optical data recording system comprises magnetic field pulse applying means for applying to a magneto-optic recording medium a magnetic field pulse of a polarity corresponding to code data to be recorded, and means for heating the recording medium in a pulsating manner at a predetermined frequency synchronous with the code data to be recorded. During recording, the magnetic field pulse applying means applies a magnetic field pulse of a polarity corresponding to code data along a track of the recording medium and the heating means continuously heats the recording medium in a pulsating manner at a predetermined frequency synchronous with the code data to thereby directly overwrite the code data. The magnetic field pulse applying means includes a magnetic coil driven by code data from a source of code data (data generator).

Abstract: A magneto-optical data recording system comprises magnetic field pulse applying apparatus for applying to a magneto-optic recording medium a magnetic field pulse of a polarity corresponding to code data to be recorded, and apparatus for heating the recording medium in a pulsating manner at a predetermined frequency synchronous with the code data to be recorded. During recording, the magnetic field pulse applying apparatus applies a magnetic field pulse of a polarity corresponding to code data along a track of the recording medium and the heating apparatus continuously heats the recording medium in a pulsating manner at a predetermined frequency synchronous with the code data to thereby directly overwrite the code data. The magnetic field pulse applying apparatus includes a magnetic coil driven by code data from a source of code data (data generator).

Abstract: In the present invention a magnetic data storage includes disk recesses formed in the magnetic layer. The recesses are located in pairs on opposite sides of the data tracks, and the disk is initialized by applying a magnetic field perpendicular and parallel to the surface of the disk, thereby forming positive magnetic poles at respective edges of the recesses. The read/write head generates a signal as it passes over the pairs of recesses, and this signal is used to adjust the position of the head with respect to the data track. The recesses may advantageously be arranged in a stair step pattern which results in a signal having the same sequential characteristics for adjacent data tracks. The spacing between the recesses may be used to represent ROM data or header information, such as track addresses or synchronization marks.

Abstract: A magneto-optical data recording system comprises magnetic field pulse applying apparatus for applying to a magneto-optic recording medium a magnetic field pulse of a polarity corresponding to code data to be recorded, and apparatus for heating the recording medium in a pulsating manner at a predetermined frequency synchronous with the code data to be recorded. During recording, the magnetic field pulse applying apparatus applies a magnetic field pulse of a polarity corresponding to code data along a track of the recording medium and the heating apparatus continuously heats the recording medium in a pulsating manner at a predetermined frequency synchronous with the code data to thereby directly overwrite the code data. The magnetic field pulse applying apparatus includes a magnetic coil driven by code data from a source of code data (data generator).

Abstract: A projection exposure apparatus has an effective source, a mask, a projection lens and an optical filter. The mask is illuminated with the light from the effective source having a substantially annular illumination distribution. The optical filter is disposed in the approximate position of the pupil plane of the projection lens. On the pupil plane, the transmittance of a first region is made lower than that of a second region, the first region being inside of the periphery of an annular region substantially conjugate with the effective source having the annular illumination distribution, the second region being outside of the periphery. Built in this manner, the apparatus forms fine patterns whose unit size is at least as small as the wavelength of the light used while maintaining high values of contrast and deep levels of focal length.

Abstract: The present invention uses a magnetic recording medium equipped with those magnetically readable recording servo pits which are preformed on a magnetic recording medium and have different magnetic characteristics from those of a recording magnetic film, detects magnetically a tracking signal or preformat signals such as sync signals, address signals, and the like, from the magnetic flux distribution (leakage magnetic field) occurring at edges of each of the servo pits using a magnetic head, makes servo control of the position of the magnetic head by the detected tracking signal and records or reads magnetically the data along the center of a track.

Abstract: A magneto-optical data recording system includes magnetic field pulse applying apparatus for applying to a magneto-optic recording medium a magnetic field pulse of a polarity corresponding to code data to be recorded, and a heating apparatus for heating the recording medium in a pulsating manner at a predetermined frequency synchronous with the code data to be recorded. During recording, the magnetic field pulse applying apparatus applies a magnetic field pulse of a polarity corresponding to code data along a track of the recording medium and the heating apparatus continuously heats the recording medium in a pulsating manner at a predetermined frequency synchronous with the code data to thereby directly overwrite the code data. The magnetic field pulse applying apparatus includes a magnetic coil driven by code data from a source of code data (data generator).

Abstract: In the present invention, there is provided an optical disk medium wherein a ROM region having data already recorded therein and capable of only optically reproducing (reading) the data as well as a RAM region capable of optically recording and reading out therein and therefrom are interlacedly located in such a positional relationship that enables the substantially continuous and high-speed accessing operation to the read-only ROM and rewritable RAM data, and some of stationary data to be stored suitably in the ROM region are stored in positional relationship closer to some of additional data to be stored suitably in the RAM region which are especially closely related to the some of the stationary data.

Abstract: An optical device for illuminating an object with a rectangular pattern having a uniform light intensity distribution includes n (n.gtoreq.1) polarization separating elements which a laser beam emitted from a laser source enters and each of which separates the laser beam into two beams in two directions. The angle of separation by the polarization separating element is set to be 2.sup.(n-1) times of the smallest one of the separation angles of the polarization separating elements used. At least one quarter-wave or half-wave plate is combined with the polarization separating elements. An imaging lens is provided for forming 2.sup.n beam spots on the object such as an optical laser disk plate.