Abstract: A liquid crystal display, and a method of manufacturing the same, the display including a substrate; a pixel electrode on the substrate; a pixel isolator surrounding the pixel electrode, the pixel isolator being formed by an insulator. The display also includes a liquid crystal layer on the pixel electrode surrounded by the pixel isolator; a common electrode on the liquid crystal layer; and a counter substrate on the common electrode.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display comprises a substrate, a liquid crystal layer disposed on the substrate; and a sealing part surrounding the liquid crystal layer and disposed on the substrate, wherein the sealing part comprises a hygroscopic solution. The liquid crystal display device of the invention provides for weight savings in cell manufacture and permits miniaturization of liquid crystal display devices, while maintaining excellent display quality.

Abstract: This invention provides an information recording medium including a substrate, and a print pattern formed on the substrate and containing a first colorant which changes at least one of a color and a dielectric constant thereof upon application of an electromagnetic field having a first intensity, and a second colorant which behaves differently from the first colorant upon application of the electromagnetic field, a method of reproducing information recorded on the medium, and a method of discriminating an information recording medium whose genuineness is unknown between a genuine article and a counterfeit when the above medium is used as the genuine article.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display comprises a substrate, a liquid crystal layer disposed on the substrate; and a sealing part surrounding the liquid crystal layer and disposed on the substrate,

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device of this invention includes a substrate having a pixel electrode on one major surface, a liquid crystal layer including first and second liquid crystal microcapsule layers sequentially stacked on the pixel electrode of the substrate, and a counter electrode formed on the liquid crystal layer. Each of the first and second liquid crystal microcapsule layers contains a plurality of aspherical liquid crystal microcapsules each formed by encapsulating a liquid crystal material containing a liquid crystal compound and a dichroic dye with a transparent film. The major axes of aspherical liquid crystal microcapsules contained in the first liquid crystal microcapsule layer are aligned in a first direction. The major axes of aspherical liquid crystal microcapsules contained in the second liquid crystal microcapsule layer are aligned in a second direction different from the first direction.

Abstract: The present invention of reflective liquid crystal display device include in: substrate having a surface; a pixel electrode on the surface; a first liquid crystal layer provided on the substrate; a second liquid crystal layer provided on the first liquid crystal layer; a counter electrode formed on the second liquid crystal layer; and a separating member provided between the first liquid crystal layer and the second liquid crystal layer. The first and second liquid crystal layers constituted by liquid crystal material having Bragg reflection(selective reflection in the same twist direction. The separating layer constituted optical compensator.

Abstract: It is an object of the invention to obtain a liquid crystal display device which has a high light transmittance in a bright portion, can effectively use incident light, and can perform a high-contrast display. This liquid crystal display device includes a substrate having an electrode on a surface, and a light control layer formed on the substrate, wherein the light control layer contains microcapsules containing a liquid crystal material in a transparent film, and adjacent microcapsules adhere closely to each other, or the microcapsules have a polygonal structure. With this arrangement, it is possible to provide a liquid crystal display device which has a high light transmittance in a bright portion, can effectively use incident light, and can perform a high-contrast display.

Abstract: The liquid crystal display device comprises a first substrate, a second substrate opposite to the first substrate, a plurality of switching elements formed on a face of the first substrate, which is opposite to the second substrate, a common electrode formed on a face of the second substrate, the face being opposite to the first substrate, a plurality of liquid crystal layers stacked on the second substrate to hold the common electrode between the layers and the second substrate, and arranged between the first and second substrates a plurality of projection electrodes selectively formed on the liquid crystal layers and a plurality of pixel electrode each formed on a corresponding one of the liquid crystal layers. The pixel electrodes respectively formed between a corresponding couple of the liquid crystal layers are connected to a corresponding one of the switching elements formed on the first substrate through one or several of the protrusion electrode/electrodes.

Abstract: A novel display device suitable as a portable display device is disclosed. The device includes a pair of substrates and a light modulation layer sandwiched between the substrates. A functional gel is adapted to be deformed by an electric field applied between a pair of electrodes interposed between the substrates, thereby regulating the light incident on the light modulation layer. A high contrast, a high reflectance and a high light utilization are achieved without regard to the angle of visibility.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for manufacturing a printed circuit board in which fine copper circuit patterns are transferred onto a thermoplastic resin, without producing a large amount of waste liquors in which copper is dissolved unlike in a subtract method.

Abstract: An optical disc having a transparent substrate, a resin layer comprised of a silicon resin and a curing catalyst, a projection/recess pattern formed on the transparent substrate, and a recording layer formed on the resin layer.

Abstract: An ultrasonic beam focusing device with a concave surface comprises a cylindrical housing, a circular piezoelectric polymer film curved to have a concave shape relative to an acoustically active surface thereof and having a pair of circular electrodes at two surfaces thereof, for generating an ultrasonic beam focused at a point and for transducing the received ultrasonic beam into electric signals, leads respectively connected to the electrodes, a rigid polyurethane layer formed in tight contact with an electrode inside the housing at the side of an acoustically inactive surface of the piezoelectric polymer film, for absorbing an ultrasonic beam at the side of the acoustically inactive surface and for supporting the piezoelectric polymer film, and an insulating layer formed in contact with an electrode for electrically insulating the electrode.