Abstract: A hybrid composition includes an isocyanate, a polyester having at least one carbon-carbon double bond and at least one hydroxyl group, castor oil present in an amount of from 5 to 30 weight percent, a catalyst, and a solvent. The hybrid composition can be formed using various methods. The method may include combining the isocyanate and the castor oil to form a first adduct, combining the polyester, the solvent, and the catalyst to form a second adduct, and combining the first adduct and the second adduct. The method may alternatively include combining the castor oil, the solvent, and the polyester to form a third adduct, combining the third adduct with the isocyanate, and combining the catalyst with the third adduct and the isocyanate. The method may alternatively include combining the catalyst and the isocyanate component to form a fourth adduct, and combining the third and fourth adducts.

Abstract: A hybrid composition includes an isocyanate, a polyester having at least one carbon-carbon double bond and at least one hydroxyl group, castor oil present in an amount of from 5 to 30 weight percent, a catalyst, and a solvent. The hybrid composition can be formed using various methods. The method may include combining the isocyanate and the castor oil to form a first adduct, combining the polyester, the solvent, and the catalyst to form a second adduct, and combining the first adduct and the second adduct. The method may alternatively include combining the castor oil, the solvent, and the polyester to form a third adduct, combining the third adduct with the isocyanate, and combining the catalyst with the third adduct and the isocyanate. The method may alternatively include combining the catalyst and the isocyanate component to form a fourth adduct, and combining the third and fourth adducts.

Abstract: An injection nozzle for cooling and providing counter pressure to a neck of a preform during a forming of a container from the preform. The injection nozzle includes a manifold that defines a receiving space into which the neck of the preform is received. A cavity is also defined in a part by an inner wall and an outer wall of the manifold and a plurality of ports are provided through the inner wall to communicate the cavity with the receiving space. When a cooling medium is received into the cavity, the cooling medium is directed through at least some of the ports toward the neck of the preform located within the receiving space.

Abstract: A method of forming a plastic container from a preform that includes cooling and optionally providing counter pressure to a finish of a preform during forming of a container. During the method, an injection nozzle directs a cooling medium into a receiving space into which the finish is received.

Abstract: A method for forming and filling a container with liquid. The container being formed from a preform located within a mold and the method utilizing a hydraulic blow molding device that is coupled to a source of the liquid, which is used as the blow molding medium. The hydraulic blow molding device has a blow nozzle and a member that is extended from a retracted position to a position within the preform. A blow nozzle engages in fluid tight communication with an open end of the preform so as to provide a sealing engagement of the blow nozzle with the preform. The liquid blow medium is injected into the preform so as to form the container after sealing engagement of the blow nozzle with the preform. The member initiates its advancement into the preform prior to the time of sealing engagement of the blow nozzle with the preform.

Abstract: A method of forming a plastic container from a preform that includes cooling and optionally providing counter pressure to a finish of a preform during forming of a container. During the method, an injection nozzle directs a cooling medium is directed into a receiving space into which the finish is received.

Abstract: This homogenized, multilayer sandwich structure has a total bending stiffness. The structure has two external skins each of a material having a modulus, a thickness and a width with contribution to the total moment of inertia. The structure also has a core of a foam material sandwiched between the two external skins, wherein the core has a modulus, a thickness and a width with contribution to the total moment of inertia. The external skins are fixed to the core, the strength of the structure being dependent on the core thickness via cubic power, as well as on the placement of the layers within the structure.

Abstract: An injection nozzle for cooling and providing counter pressure to a neck of a preform during a forming of a container from the preform. The injection nozzle includes a manifold that defines a receiving space into which the neck of the preform is received. A cavity is also defined in a part by an inner wall and an outer wall of the manifold and a plurality of ports are provided through the inner wall to communicate the cavity with the receiving space. When a cooling medium is received into the cavity, the cooling medium is directed through at least some of the ports toward the neck of the preform located within the receiving space.

Abstract: This homogenized, multilayer sandwich structure has a total bending stiffness. The structure has two external skins each of a material having a modulus, a thickness and a width with contribution to the total moment of inertia. The structure also has a core of a foam material sandwiched between the two external skins, wherein the core has a modulus, a thickness and a width with contribution to the total moment of inertia. The external skins are fixed to the core, the strength of the structure being dependent on the core thickness via cubic power, as well as on the placement of the layers within the structure.

Abstract: A method for forming and filling a container with liquid. The container being formed from a preform located within a mold and the method utilizing a hydraulic blow molding device that is coupled to a source of the liquid, which is used as the blow molding medium. The hydraulic blow molding device has a blow nozzle and a member that is extended from a retracted position to a position within the preform. A blow nozzle engages in fluid tight communication with an open end of the preform so as to provide a sealing engagement of the blow nozzle with the preform. The liquid blow medium is injected into the preform so as to form the container after sealing engagement of the blow nozzle with the preform. The member initiates its advancement into the preform prior to the time of sealing engagement of the blow nozzle with the preform.

Abstract: A method for forming a plastic container in which a heated end product is introduced into a heated preform to expand the preform into at least partial conform with the cavity surfaces of a mold, thereby forming a resultant container, of a first size, with a heated end product. The resultant container is then capped and shrunk to a second size, which is less than the first size. The shrinkage of the reluctant container is greater than the shrinkage of the end product thereby creating a positive pressure within the capped container.

Abstract: A method for forming a plastic container in which a heated end product is introduced into a heated preform to expand the preform into at least partial conform with the cavity surfaces of a mold, thereby forming a resultant container, of a first size, with a heated end product. The resultant container is then capped and shrunk to a second size, which is less than the first size. The shrinkage of the reluctant container is greater than the shrinkage of the end product thereby creating a positive pressure within the capped container.

Abstract: A system for producing a pultruded component includes a fixture for providing fibrous reinforcements, a system for providing a polymeric resin, and an impregnation die for coating the fibrous reinforcements with the polymeric resin precursor. The impregnation die includes a first chamber and a second chamber. The fibrous reinforcements include fiber tows made of a plurality of fibers. The system also includes a curing die for forming the pultruded component. The first chamber of the impregnation die is configured for coating exterior surfaces of the fiber tows with the polymeric resin precursor. The second chamber of the impregnation die is configured for coating the plurality of fibers within the fiber tows with the polymeric resin precursor.

Abstract: A bar that is to be attached to a wall includes two stanchions, each stanchion supporting a portion of an elongated piece that extends from one stanchion to the other. A supporting connector having a lower portion attaches to and extends upwardly from each of the stanchions and a portion above the lower portion. A horizontal support extends horizontally from the portion above the lower portion of the connector between the stanchions and is disposed a distance D1 above each the stanchion. And, an adhesive is disposed beneath and attaches to the horizontal support and extends along a length thereof.

Abstract: A resin precursor composition includes an isocyanate component, a first polyol having a molecular weight of between approximately 600 and 800 and an OH index of between approximately 200 and 300 mgOH/g, and a second polyol having a molecular weight of between approximately 100 and 300 and an OH index of between approximately 800 and 1,200 mgOH/g.

Abstract: A bar that is to be attached to a wall includes two stanchions, each stanchion supporting a portion of an elongated piece that extends from one stanchion to the other. A supporting connector having a lower portion attaches to and extends upwardly from each of the stanchions and a portion above the lower portion. A horizontal support extends horizontally from the portion above the lower portion of the connector between the stanchions and is disposed a distance D1 above each the stanchion. And, an adhesive is disposed beneath and attaches to the horizontal support and extends along a length thereof.

Abstract: A colorant formulation for use in paint includes a titanium dioxide dispersion and at least one pigment that has an infrared reflectance of at least approximately 60 percent when provided in a clear base over a white substrate and less than approximately 40 percent when provided in a clear base over a black substrate. The colorant formulation does not include pigments that have an infrared reflectance of less than approximately 60 percent when provided in a clear base over a white substrate. The colorant formulation is configured to provide a total solar reflectance for the paint of at least about 50 percent when provided over a white substrate.

Abstract: A method for producing a pultruded component includes providing a plurality of fiber tows each formed of a plurality of fibers. The method also includes providing a first chamber and a second chamber for wetting the plurality of fiber tows with a polymeric resin precursor. The method further includes pulling the plurality of fiber tows through a first chamber to wet their exterior surfaces with the polymeric resin precursor, pulling the plurality of fiber tows through a second chamber to wet the plurality of fibers within each tow, and pulling the wetted plurality of tows and fibers through a curing die to form the pultruded component.

Abstract: A pultruded composite component includes a matrix material comprising a thermosetting polyurethane resin, and fibers provided within the resin matrix. All of the fibers within the resin matrix are oriented in substantially a single direction and the matrix material has an elongation-to-failure that exceeds that of the fibers.

Abstract: This homogenized, multilayer sandwich structure has a total bending stiffness. The structure has two external skins each of a material having a modulus, a thickness and a width with contribution to the total moment of inertia. The structure also has a core of a foam material sandwiched between the two external skins, wherein the core has a modulus, a thickness and a width with contribution to the total moment of inertia. The external skins are fixed to the core, the strength of the structure being dependent on the core thickness via cubic power, as well as on the placement of the layers within the structure.