Abstract: A battery module includes at least one battery cell; a first plate disposed on one side of the at least one battery cell to dissipate heat generated by the at least one battery cell externally; and a second plate disposed on the other side of the at least one battery cell to dissipate heat generated by the at least one battery cell externally, wherein an electrode lead of the at least one battery cell is disposed between the first plate and the second plate, and is disposed to be biased toward the first plate.

Abstract: A cell unit includes a plurality of battery cells disposed on both surfaces of a unit plate. A case accommodates the cell unit and provided with a cooling device on at least one surface of the case. The unit plate includes a plurality of receiving spaces formed by a plate portion, having a flat surface, and a side portion protruding upwardly and downwardly of the plate portion from both sides of the plate portion. The plurality of battery cells are received in each of the receiving spaces.

Abstract: A secondary battery includes an electrode assembly having a positive electrode provided with a positive electrode tab, a separator, and a negative electrode provided with a negative electrode tab, the positive electrode, the separator, and the negative electrode being wound, the electrode assembly having a core part at a center thereof; a can configured to receive the electrode assembly therein, the negative electrode tab being connected to the can; a cap assembly coupled to an opening of the can, the positive electrode tab being connected to the cap assembly; and a reinforcing member provided on an end of the separator exposed beyond the positive electrode or the negative electrode to prevent heat of the positive electrode tab or the negative electrode tab from being transferred to the separator.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and apparatus for reusing wastewater. The method for reusing wastewater disclosed herein includes: generating a mixed wastewater by mixing multiple types of wastewater (S20); performing a first purification by passing the mixed wastewater through a flocculation-sedimentation unit (S40); performing a second purification by passing an effluent of the flocculation-sedimentation unit through a membrane bioreactor (MBR) (S60); performing a third purification by passing an effluent of the MBR through a reverse-osmosis membrane unit (S80); and reusing an effluent of the reverse-osmosis membrane unit as cooling water or industrial water (S100).

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a gas diffusion layer for a fuel cell wherein carbon nanotubes are impregnated into Korean paper, thereby enhancing electroconductivity, and a gas diffusion layer manufactured thereby. The method for manufacturing a gas diffusion layer for a fuel cell which is to manufacture a gas diffusion layer as a constituent member of a unit cell in a fuel cell, includes a support preparation step of preparing a support with Korean paper; a dispersion preparation step of dispersing a carbon substance in a solvent to form a dispersion, a coating step of coating the support with the dispersion, and a thermal treatment step of thermally treating the dispersion-coated support to fix the carbon substance to the support.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a multi-channel active pattern, a plurality of gate structures on the multi-channel active pattern and spaced apart from each other in a first direction, the plurality of gate structures including a gate electrode that extends in a second direction different from the first direction, a source/drain recess between the adjacent gate structures, and a source/drain pattern on the multi-channel active pattern in the source/drain recess, wherein the source/drain pattern includes: a semiconductor liner layer including silicon-germanium and extending along the source/drain recess, a semiconductor filling layer including silicon-germanium on the semiconductor liner layer, and at least one or more semiconductor insertion layers between the semiconductor liner layer and the semiconductor filling layer, and wherein the at least one or more semiconductor insertion layers have a saddle structure.

Abstract: A battery module includes a module housing including a first plate in which one side is open, a second plate coupled with the first plate to form an internal space, and a partition member disposed across the internal space to couple the first plate with the second plate; and a battery cell stack disposed in the internal space, in which a plurality of battery cells are stacked.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for updating or sharing content by a terminal, including generating a request for updating or sharing content, transmitting the request to a server, wherein the server transmits a notification that the content is shared to the at least one terminal if a first element in an information element of the request indicates that the content is the public content, and receiving, from the server, updated content or an indication for displaying the content if the content is updated or is to be displayed on the terminal based on the condition.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is provided for providing a mobile advertising service in a mobile advertising system, and for sharing a preference to deliver a personalized advertisement requested by a particular group member to other users. In a method for providing a mobile advertising service by a server of a mobile advertising system, a group creation request message including a user list and a group user preference is received from an advertising engine, a group is created according to the user list and the group user preference in the group creation request message, a response message to the group creation request message is sent to the advertising engine, an advertisement request message is received from one of advertising engines included in the user list, an advertisement appropriate for the group user preference is selected, and the selected advertisement is delivered to at least one advertising engine included in the user list. The at least one advertising engine is included in the same group.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for managing an advertisement application in a mobile advertising system is provided. When an advertisement application for representing an advertisement is installed in an advertisement-receiving terminal, a registration request for the installed advertisement application is made. The advertisement-receiving terminal assigns an application Identifier (ID) to the advertisement application in response to the registration request, and stores a profile of the advertisement application in association with the assigned application ID.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for sharing a shared/forwarded advertisement (ad) by a first client included in an ad management system. The method includes receiving an ad notification message from a server; determining whether to request ad sharing/forwarding for the ad notification message from the server; transmitting a response message corresponding to the ad notification message according to the determination result; and receiving ad data for the ad notification message from the server.

Abstract: A method and apparatus in which a device capable of near-field communication receives a service from an external network using a communication function of a device capable of accessing the external network. A personal network is formed with devices having different users, and subscriber information for each user is safely acquired and authenticated, making it possible to provide a service received from the external network to the devices included in the personal network more conveniently.

Abstract: Provided are a method and an apparatus for providing a service based on Personal Network Entity (PNE) components and resources within an apparatus without implementing a function of generating and managing a service group only in a case in which a plurality of PNEs provide a similar function by providing a function of generating and managing the service group based on components included in a network apparatus or resources with the apparatus in an environment providing a Converged Personal Network Service (CPNS) service. Accordingly, it is possible to avoid inefficient overlapping developments and operations and prevent resources from being wasted.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for providing an application-related management object is provided. The method includes receiving a registration message for registering information on an installed application, determining a requirement of the installed application contained in the registration message, acquiring application-related management object information corresponding to the requirement, identifying a method of providing the application-related management object information, and providing the application-related management object information according to the identified method.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus and a method of controlling the image forming apparatus are provided. An image forming apparatus may determine the operation start time point of a photoconductor based on ready times of the photoconductor and devices used in image forming processes so as to minimize idling of the photoconductor.

Abstract: A method for a Personal Network Entity (PNE) to individually join a desired Personal Network (PN) is provided. When the PNE transmits a PN connection request message to a PN gateway, the PN gateway inserts its information into the connection request message and forwards the connection request message to a Converged Personal Network Service (CPNS) server. The CPNS server, upon receipt of the connection request message through the PN gateway, generates and manages information about a PN related to the PN gateway. The information about the PN is provided to the PNE at execution of authentication with the PNE, such that the PNE can determine whether to join the PN.

Abstract: A method for disclosing, by a Converged Personal Network Service (CPNS) server, Personal Network (PN) information in a CPNS environment is provided. The method includes receiving a PN registration request message including information indicating an information openness level of a Personal Network Entity (PNE), which has been transmitted from the PNE, from a Personal Network GateWay (PN GW) for PN registration of the PNE; checking and storing the information indicating the information openness level of the PNE from the PN registration request message; receiving a service search request message for requesting information regarding a CPNS service provided by the PNE from a predetermined PN GW connected to a predetermined PNE; and checking the information indicating the information openness level of the PNE and providing the information regarding the CPNS service provided by the PNE to the predetermined PNE via the predetermined PN GW.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus and a method of controlling the image forming apparatus are provided. An image forming apparatus may determine the operation start time point of a photoconductor based on ready times of the photoconductor and devices used in image forming processes so as to minimize idling of the photoconductor.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for updating or sharing content by a terminal, including generating a request for updating or sharing content, transmitting the request to a server, wherein the server transmits a notification that the content is shared to the at least one terminal if a first element in an information element of the request indicates that the content is the public content, and receiving, from the server, updated content or an indication for displaying the content if the content is updated or is to be displayed on the terminal based on the condition.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for uploading/submitting user-created content to share with other users in a Dynamic Content Delivery (DCD) technology capable of supporting various types of delivery systems to deliver user-customized content. The invention provides an environment where a user creates content according to a predetermined rule and submits the content with associated content information, so that a DCD service provider can easily handle the content after receipt.