Abstract: Disclosed herein is a program conversion apparatus, which converts a first program to which homomorphic encryption is not applied into a second program to which the homomorphic encryption is applied, including a memory, which stores a first library for configuring the first program and a second library for configuring the second program, and a processor configured to convert the first program into the second program through conversion between operations provided by the first and second libraries.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cold wallet apparatus. The cold wallet apparatus includes a homomorphic encryption generation module configured to generate homomorphic encryption using personally identifiable sensitive information; a first authentication code extraction module configured to extract an authentication code from the homomorphic encryption; a second authentication code extraction module configured to extract an authentication code from physical unclonable function (PUF) information of the cold wallet apparatus; a private key generation module configured to combine the authentication code extracted from the homomorphic encryption and the authentication code extracted from the PUF information to generate a private key; and a transaction signature module configured to perform a transaction signature using a wallet account and a wallet address generated based on the private key.

Abstract: A radio frequency (RF) weak magnetic field detection sensor includes a ferromagnetic core, a pickup coil disposed to surround the ferromagnetic core, a substrate that includes an opening, a core pad connected to the ferromagnetic core and a coil pad connected to the pickup coil, and an insulating tube interposed between the ferromagnetic core and the pickup coil. The insulating tube includes a bobbin around which the pickup coil is wound, and a core hole formed to pass through the bobbin and configured to accommodate the ferromagnetic core.

Abstract: Disclosed is an accelerator which includes a first to a K-th stage performing an NTT (Number Theoretic Transform) operation of first input data including a polynomial of a homomorphic ciphertext, the first to K-th stages being connected in series, and a first assist circuit generating a first to a K-th enable signal based on a degree of the polynomial of the first input data. Each of the first to K-th stages performs a butterfly operation of the first input data or corresponding output data of a previous stage in response to that the corresponding enable signal among the first to K-th enable signals indicates a first logical value, and bypasses the first input data or the corresponding output data of the previous stage in response to that the corresponding enable signal among the first to K-th enable signals indicates a second logical value.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for transmitting and receiving magnetic field signals in a magnetic field communication system are provided. The apparatus includes a controller configured to generate a communication signal, matching units that are configured to receive the communication signal and that respectively correspond to different matching frequencies, and loop antennas that are connected to the matching units, respectively, and that are configured to convert communication signals according to the different matching frequencies into magnetic transmission signals in the form of magnetic field energy and to transmit the magnetic transmission signals.

Abstract: Disclosed is a homomorphic encryption calculating accelerator which includes a parallel processing unit performing a polynomial multiplication operation in parallel on a plurality of input data corresponding to a degree N polynomial of a homomorphic ciphertext and a combination unit generating a plurality of output data by performing the polynomial multiplication operation on an output of the parallel processing unit. The parallel processing unit includes a first parallel processing element performing the polynomial multiplication operation on first input data among the plurality of input data and a second parallel processing element performing the polynomial multiplication operation on second input data among the plurality of input data.

Abstract: Disclosed is an accelerator device, which includes a first NTT converter that performs an NTT operation on a first ciphertext of a first type to generate a first internal signal, a test polynomial generator that generates a test polynomial, a second NTT converter that performs the NTT operation on the test polynomial to generate a second internal signal, a first multiplier that performs a multiplication on the first internal signal and the second internal signal to generate a third internal signal, a first INTT converter that performs an INTT operation on the third internal signal to generate a fourth internal signal, a gadget decomposer that performs a gadget decomposition on the fourth internal signal to generate a fifth internal signal, and a third NTT converter that performs the NTT operation on the fifth internal signal to generate a sixth internal signal.

Abstract: A method of integrating different homomorphic operations in homomorphic encryption is provided. The method includes receiving a homomorphic ciphertext and encryption scheme information from a ciphertext generating apparatus by using a communication interface, performing a homomorphic multiplication operation on the homomorphic ciphertext by using a homomorphic multiplication operator, analyzing the encryption scheme information to determine one operation of a re-linearization operation performed by a re-linearization operator and a key switching operation performed by a key switching operator by using a main controller, performing the determined one operation by using the re-linearization operator or the key switching operator, and performing a modulus switching operation on an operation result of the determined one operation by using a modulus switching operator.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a self-destructible apparatus and method. The apparatus includes a self-destructible operation unit composed of a plurality of cavity cells; a variable voltage/current supply unit configured to supply a variable voltage and current to the self-destructible operation unit; an identification (ID) matching unit configured to compare an ID input from an external source to a digital physical unclonable function (PUF) ID assigned to each of the cavity cells to determine whether the two IDs match each other so that power of the variable voltage/current supply unit is supplied to only a desired cavity cell among the plurality of cavity cells; a digital PUF ID generation unit configured to generate the digital PUF ID input to the ID matching unit; and an external ID input unit configured to generate the ID input to the ID matching unit.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a self-destructible apparatus and method. The apparatus includes a self-destructible operation unit composed of a plurality of cavity cells; a variable voltage/current supply unit configured to supply a variable voltage and current to the self-destructible operation unit; an identification (ID) matching unit configured to compare an ID input from an external source to a digital physical unclonable function (PUF) ID assigned to each of the cavity cells to determine whether the two IDs match each other so that power of the variable voltage/current supply unit is supplied to only a desired cavity cell among the plurality of cavity cells; a digital PUF ID generation unit configured to generate the digital PUF ID input to the ID matching unit; and an external ID input unit configured to generate the ID input to the ID matching unit.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus for generating a digital value, including: an identification value generator including a plurality of unit cells; and an identification value extractor outputting an identification value of a plurality of bits by using output values of the plurality of unit cells, wherein each of the plurality of unit cells includes an identification value generating element including a first upper electrode and a second upper electrode formed on the same layer, and determines the output value according to electrical connection or cut-off of the first upper electrode and the second upper electrode.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus for generating a digital value, including: an identification value generator including a plurality of unit cells; and an identification value extractor outputting an identification value of a plurality of bits by using output values of the plurality of unit cells, wherein each of the plurality of unit cells includes an identification value generating element including a first upper electrode and a second upper electrode formed on the same layer, and determines the output value according to electrical connection or cut-off of the first upper electrode and the second upper electrode.