Abstract: A method for generating a key stream according to an embodiment includes generating r round keys that are each N-dimensional integer vectors including elements of an integer set defined based on a prime number t, based on a random bit string, an encryption counter, and a secret key that is an N-dimensional integer vector consisting of elements of the integer set , generating a first round output vector x1 by performing a modular addition operation on an initial vector and a first round key RK1 of the r round keys with the prime number t as a modulus, and generating a key stream that is an N-dimensional integer vector consisting of elements of the integer set from the first round output vector x1 by using a second to r-th round keys of the r round keys, and one or more first round functions and a second round function.

Abstract: An apparatus for manufacturing a secondary battery includes: an index table configured to receive a secondary battery cell, the secondary battery cell including an electrode assembly, a can accommodating the electrode assembly, and an electrode tab between the electrode assembly and the can to electrically connect the electrode assembly to the can; a laser scanner configured to irradiate laser onto an outer surface of the can to weld the electrode tab to the can; and a controller configured to variably control the laser scanner according to an operation of the index table.

Abstract: Malodorous gases such as amines, organosulfur compounds, hydrogen sulfide, styrene and aldehydes are economically and efficiently treated at ambient temperature and pressure by a catalytic absorption and oxidation process comprising: (a) bringing the malodorous gases into contact with a scrubbing water containing a heterogeneous catalyst to absorb the malodorous components catalytically, and (b) subjecting the resulting solution containing the malodorous components to a catalytic oxidation by contacting it with an oxidizing agent such as hydrogen peroxide, ozone, oxygen, air, nitrogen oxides, and NaOCl in the presence of the catalyst at a temperature ranging from 0 to 100 □ under an ambient pressure, the heterogeneous catalyst comprising an active metal element selected from alkali, alkaline earth and transition metals, and an oxide support material.

Abstract: Wastewater streams containing various pollutants are economically and efficiently treated at ambient temperature and pressure with hydrogen peroxide, oxygen or ozone in the presence of a heterogeneous catalyst comprising an element selected from the group consisting of Ni, Ru, Co, Fe, Cu, Mn, Li and a mixture thereof supported on a metal oxide selected from the group consisting of MgO, CaO, SnO2, PbO and a mixture thereof.