Abstract: A novel process is described for producing esters of linear monocarboxylic acids containing 6 to 26 carbon atoms, by reacting vegetable or animal oils, neutral or otherwise, with monoalcohols containing 1 to 18 carbon atoms in the presence of a catalyst selected from: mixtures of titanium oxide and alumina having formula: (TiOx)y(Al2O3)1-y where x has the value 1.5 to 2.2 and y, representing the weight ratio of the two oxides, has a value of 0.005 to 0.995; mixtures of zirconium oxide and alumina having formula: (ZrOx)y(Al2O3)1-y where x has the value 1.5 to 2.2 and y has a value of 0.005 to 0.995; and mixtures of antimony oxide and alumina having formula: (SbOx)y(Al2O3)1-y where x has the value 1.2 to 2.6 and y has a value of 0.005 to 0.995, in order to directly produce, in one or more steps, an ester for use as a fuel and a pure glycerin.

Abstract: A novel process is described for producing esters of linear monocarboxylic acids containing 6 to 26 carbon atoms, by reacting vegetable or animal oils, neutral or otherwise, with monoalcohols containing 1 to 18 carbon atoms in the presence of a catalyst selected from: mixtures of titanium oxide and alumina having formula: (TiOx)y(Al2O3)1-y where x has the value 1.5 to 2.2 and y, representing the weight ratio of the two oxides, has a value of 0.005 to 0.995; mixtures of zirconium oxide and alumina having formula: (ZrOx)y(Al2O3)1-y where x has the value 1.5 to 2.2 and y has a value of 0.005 to 0.995; and mixtures of antimony oxide and alumina having formula: (SbOx)y(Al2O3)1-y where x has the value 1.2 to 2.6 and y has a value of 0.005 to 0.995, in order to directly produce, in one or more steps, an ester for use as a fuel and a pure glycerin.

Abstract: The preparation of a crush-resistant transesterification catalyst of the formula:

Abstract: For the production of linear monocarboxylic acid esters with 6 to 26 carbon atoms vegetable oils or animal oils, which may or may not be neutral, are reacted with monoalcohols having a low molecular weight, for example 1 to 5 carbon atoms, in the presence of a catalyst that is selected from among zinc oxide, mixtures of zinc oxide and aluminum oxide, and the zinc aluminates that correspond to the formula:ZnAl.sub.2 O.sub.4, x ZnO, y Al.sub.2 O.sub.3(with x and y each being in the range of 0-2) and having more particularly a spinel type structure, thereby enabling the direct production in one or more stages, of an ester that can be used as a fuel or combustible and a pure glycerine.

Abstract: A process for sweetening a petroleum cut containing mercaptans, wherein said petroleum cut is subjected to oxidation conditions by its being passed in the presence of air in contact with a porous catalyst said process being characterized in that said catalyst comprises 10 to 98% by weight of at least one mineral solid phase constituted of analkaline aluminosilicate with a Si/Al atomic ratio less than or equal to 5, 1 to 60% by weight of active carbon, 0.02 to 2% by weight of at least one metal chelate and 0 to 20% by weight of at least one organic or mineral binding agent, has a basicity determined according to the 2896 ASTM standard with 20 milli-equivalents of potash per gram and a total BET surface area of 10 m.sup.2 g.sup.-1, and contains inside its pore structure a permanent aqueous phase representing 0.1 to 40% by weight of dry catalyst.

Abstract: A process for sweetening a petroleum cut containing mercaptans, wherein said petroleum cut is subjected to oxidation conditions by being contacted with a porous catalyst, in the presence of air said process being characterised in that said catalyst comprises 10 to 98% by weight of at least one mineral solid phase constituted of an alkaline aluminosilicate with a Si/Al atomic ratio less than or equal to 5, 1 to 60% by weight of active carbon, 0.02 to 2% by weight of at least one metal chelate and 0 to 20% by weight of at least one organic or mineral binding agent, has a basicity determined according to the 2896 ASTM standard with 20 milligrams of potash per gram and a total BET surface area of 10 m.sup.2 g.sup.-1, and contains inside its pore structure a permanent aqueous phase representing 0.1 to 40% by weight of dry catalyst.

Abstract: A process for obtaining a tertiary olefin, e.g. isobutylene in a very pure state by decomposing the corresponding ether, e.g. methyl tert. butyl ether, in the presence of a catalyst constituted by silica, modified by the addition of at least one element or compound of an element preferably chosen from the group constituted by rubidium, cesium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, gallium, lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium and uranium and optionally by the addition of at least one element or compound of an element chosen from the group constituted by aluminium, titanium and zirconium.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for removing sulfur oxides, particularly sulfur dioxide, contained in gases such as industrial fumes, characterized in that the gas is contacted with a solid absorbent containing magnesium oxide, in such conditions that sulfur oxides are fixed mainly as magnesium sulfate and then the used solid absorbent is contacted with a gas stream containing elemental sulfur in such conditions that magnesium oxide is regenerated with the production of an effluent of sulfur dioxide containing gas.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for removing sulfur oxides, particularly sulfur dioxide, contained in gases such as industrial fumes, characterized in that the gas is contacted with a solid absorbent containing magnesium oxide, in such conditions that sulfur oxides are fixed mainly as magnesium sulfate and then the used solid absorbent is contacted with a gas stream containing elemental sulfur in such conditions that magnesium oxide is regenerated with the production of an effluent of sulfur dioxide-containing gas.

Abstract: There are described catalysts containing, as oxides, iron, chromium and potassium, the latter being optionally partly in form of kaliophyllite Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, 2 SiO.sub.2, K.sub.2 O, as well as lanthanum, in a proportion, calculated in oxide weight, of 1-15% with respect to the final catalyst.The presence in the catalyst of lanthanum oxide, optionally previously combined with cobalt or vanadium, at least in part in the form of a mixed oxide of the perovskite type, confers to the catalyst an improved activity and/or selectivity in dehydrogenation reactions, particularly of ethylbenzene to styrene.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing catalysts containing, as oxides, iron, chromium, potassium, as well as a rare earth metal in a proportion, calculated in oxide weight, of 1-15% with respect to the final catalyst, comprises:a first step, wherein a product is prepared by a reaction between compounds of rare earth metal(s) and of another metal selected from Fe, Cr, Co, Al or V, and a calcination; anda second step wherein a mixture is formed between the product resulting from the first step, the other necessary reactants and water; the resulting paste is dried after optional shaping and calcined. A clayish material can be used in the step.The catalysts obtained present an improved efficiency in dehydrogenation reactions, particularly of ethylbenzene to styrene.