Abstract: An apparatus and method of focusing a functional material is provided. The apparatus includes a pressurized source of fluid in a thermodynamically stable mixture with a functional material. A discharge device having an inlet and an outlet is connected to the pressurized source at the inlet. The discharge device is shaped to produce a collimated beam of functional material, where the fluid is in a gaseous state at a location before or beyond the outlet of the discharge device. The fluid can be one of a compressed liquid and a supercritical fluid. The thermodynamically stable mixture includes one of the functional material being dispersed in the fluid and the functional material being dissolved in the fluid.

Abstract: An apparatus and method of delivering a functional material is provided. The apparatus includes a pressurized source of fluid in a thermodynamically stable mixture with a functional material. A discharge device having an inlet and an outlet is connected to the pressurized source at the inlet. The discharge device is shaped to produce a collimated beam of functional material, where the fluid is in a gaseous state at a location before or beyond the outlet of the discharge device. A beam control device is positioned proximate to the outlet of the discharge device such that the collimated beam of functional material is controlled after the collimated beam of functional material moves through the outlet of the discharge device.

Abstract: An apparatus and method of focusing a functional material is provided. The apparatus includes a pressurized source of fluid in a thermodynamically stable mixture with a functional material. A discharge device having an inlet and an outlet is connected to the pressurized source at the inlet. The discharge device is shaped to produce a collimated beam of functional material, where the fluid is in a gaseous state at a location before or beyond the outlet of the discharge device. The fluid can be one of a compressed liquid and a supercritical fluid. The thermodynamically stable mixture includes one of the functional material being dispersed in the fluid and the functional material being dissolved in the fluid.

Abstract: This invention comprises a process for generating particles of MAg4I5, wherein M is a monovalent cation, which comprises dissolving AgI and MI in a polar solvent followed by precipitating particles of MAg4I5 by adding the solution to a nonpolar solvent. The resulting MAg4I5 is in the form of anisotropic crystalline particles. The MAg4I5 particles can be used in the preparation of a photothermographic element. The invention also comprises method of preparing a stable aqueous emulsion of MAg4I5 particles.

Abstract: A process for forming a silver halide photographic emulsion is disclosed comprising precipitating silver halide grains in an aqueous dispersing medium to which has been added silver and halide salt solutions while agitating the dispersing medium, wherein the precipitation is done in the presence of an antifoamant compound of the formula RO(CH2CH2O)nH wherein R represents an alkyl or alkenyl group containing 10 to 25 carbon atoms, or mixtures thereof, and n represents a mean value of from 2 to 4. The antifoamant material may be delivered to the aqueous dispersing medium as a small particle dispersion, made with the same peptizer used for manufacturing the emulsion or another stabilizer. A further embodiment of the invention is directed towards a silver halide photographic material comprising a support upon which is coated at least one light sensitive silver halide emulsion layer, comprising a silver halide emulsion precipitated in accordance with the described process.

Abstract: A process for forming a silver halide photographic emulsion is disclosed comprising precipitating silver halide grains in an aqueous dispersing medium to which has been added silver and halide salt solutions while agitating the dispersing medium, wherein the precipitation is done in the presence of an antifoamant which comprises a hydrophobic group containing nonionic mono- or di-saccharide compound having an HLB number of between 2 and 12. The antifoamant material may be delivered to the aqueous dispersing medium as a small particle dispersion, made with the same peptizer used for manufacturing the emulsion or another stabilizer. A further embodiment of the invention is directed towards a silver halide photographic material comprising a support upon which is coated at least one light sensitive silver halide emulsion layer, comprising a silver halide emulsion precipitated in accordance with the described process.

Abstract: A photosensitive material includes silver iodide produced by decomposing a solid electrolyte of the formula MA4g5 having an ionic conductivity of >0.001 ohm−1 cm−1 in an organic solvent, where M is a monovalent cation. The photosensitive material further includes a sensitizing agent selected from the group consisting of residual MAg4I5, MAg4I3, and mixtures of residual MAg4I5, and MAg4I3.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a radiation-sensitive silver halide emulsion comprised of high chloride cubical silver halide grains containing from 0.05 to 3 mole percent iodide, based on total silver, where the iodide is incorporated in the grains in a controlled, non-uniform distribution forming a core containing at least 50 percent of total silver, an iodide free surface shell having a thickness of greater than 50 Å, and a sub-surface shell that contains a maximum iodide concentration is disclosed, the process comprising: (a) providing in a stirred reaction vessel a dispersing medium and host high chloride silver halide cubical grains comprising a speed enhancing amount of iodide, and (b) precipitating silver halide onto the host grains by introducing at least a silver salt solution into the dispersing medium at a rate such that the normalized molar addition rate, Rn, is above 3.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a radiation-sensitive silver halide emulsion comprised of high chloride cubical host grains containing from 0.

Abstract: This invention comprises a photothermographic element comprising a support bearing an imaging layer comprising:a silver salt;a reducing agent;a binder; anda photosensitive material comprising silver iodide produced by dispersing a solid ionic conductor of the formula MAg.sub.4 I.sub.5 in an organic solvent, whereby the solid ionic conductor decomposes to produce silver iodide, and wherein M is a monovalent cation and said solid ionic conductor has an ionic conductivity of >0.001 ohm.sup.-1 cm.sup.-1 at 25.degree. C.

Abstract: This invention comprises a process for generating particles of MAg.sub.4 I.sub.5, wherein M is a monovalent cation, which comprises dissolving AgI and MI in a polar solvent followed by precipitating particles of MAg.sub.4 I.sub.5 by adding the solution to a nonpolar solvent. The resulting MAg.sub.4 I.sub.5 is in the form of anisotropic crystalline particles. The MAg.sub.4 I.sub.5 particles can be used in the preparation of a photothermographic element. The invention also comprises method of preparing a stable aqueous emulsion of MAg.sub.4 I.sub.5 particles.

Abstract: A process of preparing a radiation-sensitive silver halide emulsion is disclosed in which a polyalkylene oxide block copolymer surfactant is employed. Dispersion of the polyalkylene oxide block copolymer surfactant in the aqueous dispersing medium is increased by the inclusion of an auxiliary surfactant. The auxiliary surfactants are selected from among those that, in the form of an aqueous solution containing 10 percent by weight of the auxiliary surfactant based on total weight of the aqueous solution, is miscible in all proportions with at least one of water and the polyalkylene oxide block copolymer surfactant.

Abstract: A dimethylamine silver bromide complex is used as a single source precursor for nucleation of silver bromide crystals.

Abstract: A dimethylamine silver chloro-iodide complex is used as a single source precursor for iodide incorporation in silver chloride crystals.

Abstract: A dimethylamine silver chloride complex is used as a single source precursor for nucleation of silver chloride crystals.

Abstract: A dimeitylarnine silver bromo-iodide complex is used as a single source precursor for iodide incorporation in silver bromide crystals.

Abstract: A solution containing a dimethylamine silver chloro-iodide complex is added with an antifoggant to a silver chloride emulsion to form a stable AgICl emulsion.

Abstract: A process of preparing a photographic emulsion having radiation-sensitive silver iodohalide grains. Iodide is introduced into the grains by releasing iodide ions from iodate (IO.sub.3.sup.-). Release of iodide ions from the IO.sub.3.sup.- is employed to enhance the uniformity of iodide availability during emulsion preparation, either during grain precipitation or subsequent halide conversion. The process of the invention is in one preferred form directed to the partial halide conversion of tabular grains. A speed-granularity advantage is demonstrated.

Abstract: A radiation-sensitive photographic emulsion is disclosed containing a gelatino-vehicle and tabular grains accounting for at least 70 percent of total grain projected area comprised of, prior to house conversion, at least 90 mole percent bromide and, after house conversion, up to 12 mole percent iodide, based on total silver, having {111} major faces that form corners joined by linear edges, and containing halide conversion dislocations that are confined to corner regions.Superior performance and selected site halide conversion can be realized by maintaining a pBr of less than 3.5 and by employing for halide conversion an iodide ion source exhibiting a second order reaction rate constant with the gelatino-vehicle of less than 10.sup.-3 mole.sup.-1 sec.sup.-1.

Abstract: The present invention is a method for producing a silver halide emulsion. The precipitation of the emulsion is carried out away from the rotary agitator. The reactant solutions are introduced into the reactor very close to the tip of one or more ultrasonic horns that are placed away from the agitator. The ultrasonic horns are efficient sources for controlling micromixing, while the agitator controls the macromixing in the reactor.