Abstract: Technologies are generally described for providing real-time or recorded content along with customized content augmentation stream to enhance a user's experience of the content. A content provider may receive captured feedback from multiple users and select and aggregate a subset of the received feedback based on preferences and emotional state of a user to be presented with the content. The aggregated feedbacks may be customized for the user and delivered as content augmentation stream along with the content to the user.

Abstract: An optical device can include: an incident light polarizer positioned to receive incident light and configured to polarize incident light such that polarized incident light is directed to a cornea of a subject; at least one corneal light polarizer, wherein the at least one corneal light polarizer is positioned to receive reflected light from the cornea of the subject and polarize the reflected light to a second polarization; at least one rotating mechanism; and at least one receiver. The receiver can be at least one viewing port optically coupled with the at least one corneal light polarizer or an imaging device (e.g., optical detector). The at least one rotating mechanism is: coupled with the incident light polarizer; coupled with the at least one corneal light polarizer; or coupled with the incident light polarizer and the at least one corneal light polarizer.

Abstract: Technologies are described for monitoring efficacy of laser treatment through cell lysis determination. Current methods for removing diseased tissue may include directing laser treatment toward cells in a treatment area. The laser treatment may induce lysis of the cells without any visual indication of the lysis occurring. According to some examples, a treatment system may direct a pair of laser pulses to cells in a treatment area. The treatment system may derive a first signal and a second signal based on a detected response to the first and second laser pulse within the pair. A signal processor, according to some examples, may determine a difference between the first signal and the second signal and may modify the laser treatment based on the difference.

Abstract: Technologies are generally described to enhance a signal-to-noise ratio of reflectometry in laser treatment observation through capture of light scattered to the edge of the pupil and filtering of light scattered back around a center of the pupil. Thus, laser light reflected from the treatment site may be spatially filtered to remove a portion of the reflected laser light within a pre-selected angle from a normal of the eye. The captured laser light may be processed to observe an effect of the directed laser beam at the treatment site. The signal-to-noise ratio of the reflectometry may be increased through the spatial filtering.

Abstract: A dosimetry system may comprise a film stack and a laser system for applying a laser beam to the film stack. The system may further comprise an interferometry system configured to acquire from the film stack a first interferometric dataset comprising a first composite signal and a subsequent interferometric dataset comprising a subsequent composite signal. The system may also include a processor for comparing the first and subsequent composite signals, wherein a difference between the first and subsequent composite signals indicates a change in the film stack thickness. A dosimetry method may comprise applying a laser beam to such a film stack, acquiring the first and subsequent interferometric datasets, comparing them to detect a change in the film stack thickness, and ceasing to apply the laser beam to the film stack if the change in the film stack thickness exceeds a predetermined threshold.

Abstract: Technologies are described for detection of eye surface vibrations to determine cell damage within a treatment area of an eye undergoing laser treatment. Eye surface vibrations may be caused by intraocular pressure waves that form during the laser treatment. For example, the pressure waves may originate from a plurality of bubbles forming and/or rupturing inside cells located in the treatment area. The bubbles may form as energy from a treatment laser beam is absorbed by the retinal tissue. The pressure waves may be measured at the surface of the eye through Doppler vibrometry to determine if the cells within the treatment area have been damaged. The damage to the cells may include cell lysis, a rupture of cell membranes, scarring, and/or photocoagulation, among other examples.

Abstract: Technologies are described for detection of eye surface vibrations to determine cell damage within a treatment area of an eye undergoing laser treatment. Eye surface vibrations may be caused by intraocular pressure waves that form during the laser treatment. For example, the pressure waves may originate from a plurality of bubbles forming and/or rupturing inside cells located in the treatment area. The bubbles may form as energy from a treatment laser beam is absorbed by the retinal tissue. The pressure waves may be measured at the surface of the eye through Doppler vibrometry to determine if the cells within the treatment area have been damaged. The damage to the cells may include cell lysis, a rupture of cell membranes, scarring, and/or photocoagulation, among other examples.

Abstract: An optical device can include: an incident light polarizer positioned to receive incident light and configured to polarize incident light such that polarized incident light is directed to a cornea of a subject; at least one corneal light polarizer, wherein the at least one corneal light polarizer is positioned to receive reflected light from the cornea of the subject and polarize the reflected light to a second polarization; at least one rotating mechanism; and at least one receiver. The receiver can be at least one viewing port optically coupled with the at least one corneal light polarizer or an imaging device (e.g., optical detector). The at least one rotating mechanism is: coupled with the incident light polarizer; coupled with the at least one corneal light polarizer; or coupled with the incident light polarizer and the at least one corneal light polarizer.

Abstract: Technologies are provided for laser treatment with reduced illumination variability. In some examples, a laser beam that creates a first illumination variation at a target site may be adjusted such that the laser beam orientation changes slightly while the laser beam is still being generated. The adjusted laser beam may create a second illumination variation at the target site, and because the laser beam orientation is different the first and second illumination variations may combine to form a combined illumination variation at the target site whose variability is less than the variability of the first or second illumination variations. The more-uniform combined illumination variation may then be used to treat the target site, for example via heat generation.

Abstract: Technologies are described for monitoring efficacy of laser treatment through cell lysis determination. Current methods for removing diseased tissue may include directing laser treatment toward cells in a treatment area. The laser treatment may induce lysis of the cells without any visual indication of the lysis occurring. According to some examples, a treatment system may direct a pair of laser pulses to cells in a treatment area. The treatment system may derive a first signal and a second signal based on a detected response to the first and second laser pulse within the pair. A signal processor, according to some examples, may determine a difference between the first signal and the second signal and may modify the laser treatment based on the difference.

Abstract: A dosimetry system may comprise a film stack and a laser system for applying a laser beam to the film stack. The system may further comprise an interferometry system configured to acquire from the film stack a first interferometric dataset comprising a first composite signal and a subsequent interferometric dataset comprising a subsequent composite signal. The system may also include a processor for comparing the first and subsequent composite signals, wherein a difference between the first and subsequent composite signals indicates a change in the film stack thickness. A dosimetry method may comprise applying a laser beam to such a film stack, acquiring the first and subsequent interferometric datasets, comparing them to detect a change in the film stack thickness, and ceasing to apply the laser beam to the film stack if the change in the film stack thickness exceeds a predetermined threshold.

Abstract: Technologies are generally described to increase a surface smoothness of a 3D printed article implementing a water-based treatment using layer by layer (LBL) deposition. An initial 3D printed article having an anionic surface may be treated with a first aqueous solution comprising at least one polycation that may bind to the anionic surface to produce a first treated surface, which may be rinsed with water to remove the first aqueous solution. The first treated surface may be treated with a second aqueous solution comprising at least one anionic microparticle that may bind to the polycation to produce a final 3D printed article having a second treated surface, which may be rinsed with water to remove the second aqueous solution. The bound polycation and anionic microparticle may be present as a single layer in the final 3D printed article that may act as a conformal coating to increase the surface smoothness.

Abstract: Technologies are generally described for method and systems effective to at least partially alter a defect in a layer including graphene. In some examples, the methods may include receiving the layer on a substrate where the layer includes at least some graphene and at least some defect areas in the graphene. The defect areas may reveal exposed areas of the substrate. The methods may also include reacting the substrate under sufficient reaction conditions to produce at least one cationic area in at least one of the exposed areas. The methods may further include adhering graphene oxide to the at least one cationic area to produce a graphene oxide layer. The methods may further include reducing the graphene oxide layer to produce at least one altered defect area in the layer.

Abstract: Windows, or other types of transparent materials, may be constructed to passively allow light from alternate sources to pass therethrough, while also being able to actively produce artificial light for providing illumination from one side of the window by means of an incorporated optical waveguide that accepts light from an edge of the window and disperses it from only one side of the window.

Abstract: Technologies are generally described for fabricating a self-writing waveguide. Two photo-reactive liquid monomers, each infused with a photo-initiator, may be mixed and dissolved in a carrier solvent to form a mixture. Nanoparticles may be added to the mixture to form a gel. A focused light beam may be provided to cure one of the monomers, initiating polymerization to form a core of the self-writing waveguide. An optional exposure to an optical source, a heat source, or an electron beam source may cure the other monomer, initiating polymerization to form a cladding of the self-writing waveguide. The self-writing waveguide may be formed in a substantially tubular structure or a planar film structure.

Abstract: Technologies are generally described for gas filtration and detection devices. Example devices may include a graphene membrane and a sensing device. The graphene membrane may be perforated with a plurality of discrete pores having a size-selective to enable one or more molecules to pass through the pores. A sensing device may be attached to a supporting permeable substrate and coupled with the graphene membrane. A fluid mixture including two or more molecules may be exposed to the graphene membrane. Molecules having a smaller diameter than the discrete pores may be directed through the graphene pores, and may be detected by the sensing device. Molecules having a larger size than the discrete pores may be prevented from crossing the graphene membrane. The sensing device may be configured to identify a presence of a selected molecule within the mixture without interference from contaminating factors.

Abstract: Examples of methods, systems and computer accessible mediums related to producing synthetic meat are generally described herein. In some example methods, a substrate configured to support cell growth may be provided. The substrate may be seeded with cells. The seeded substrate may be rolled through a bioreactor having a roll-to-roll mechanism, thereby allowing nutrients and growth factors to interact with the cells. The seeded substrate may be stretched to simulate muscle action. The seeded substrate may be monitored for uniformity of cell growth as it is rolled through the bioreactor. A film of synthetic meat is obtained from the substrate.

Abstract: Functionalized membranes for use in applications, such as electrodeionization, can be prepared simply and efficiently by contacting a conductive carbon nanotube and polymer membrane with a solution containing at least one electrochemically active and functional compound under conditions suitable for electrochemically depositing the electrochemically active and function compound on a surface of the membrane.

Abstract: Technologies described herein are generally related to graphene production. In some examples, a system is described that may include a first container, a second container, and/or a chamber. The first container may include a first solution with a reducing agent, while the second container may include a second solution with graphene oxide. The chamber may be in operative relationship with the first and the second containers, and configured effective to receive the first and second solutions and provide reaction conditions that facilitate contact of the first and second solutions at an interfacial region sufficient to produce graphene at the interfacial region.

Abstract: Technologies are generally described for composite membranes which may include a porous graphene layer in contact with a porous support substrate. In various examples, a surface of the porous support substrate may include at least one of: a thermo-formed polymer characterized by a glass transition temperature, a woven fibrous membrane, and/or a nonwoven fibrous membrane. Examples of the composite membranes permit the use of highly porous woven or nonwoven fibrous support membranes instead of intermediate porous membrane supports. In several examples, the composite membranes may include porous graphene layers directly laminated onto the fibrous membranes via the thermo-formed polymers. The described composite membranes may be useful for separations, for example, of gases, liquids and solutions.