Abstract: Systems and methods can be used to produce fibers with external corrugations, internal corrugations, or both.

Abstract: Systems and methods can be used to produce fibers with external corrugations, internal corrugations, or both. These fibers can be used, for example, in hollow fiber membrane modules.

Abstract: A hollow fiber membrane module including a housing and a fiber bundle contained in the housing and arranged along a length of the housing. The fiber bundle includes hollow fiber membranes and elongated spacers positioned among and in direct contact with the hollow fiber membranes. An outer surface along a length of each elongated spacer defines openings or protrusions or curved, discontinuous, or nonlinear portions. Each hollow fiber membrane is cylindrical and defines an opening along its length. The housing defines an inlet for a feed mixture including a gas, a vapor, or both; a first outlet for a permeate of the hollow fiber membranes; and a second outlet for a retentate of the hollow fiber membranes.

Abstract: A gas separation membrane for selective separation of hydrogen and helium from gas mixtures containing carbon dioxide includes a porous support layer, an aromatic polyamide layer on the porous support layer, and a coating including a glassy polymer formed on the aromatic polyamide layer. A glass transition temperature of the glassy polymer is greater than 50° C. The gas separation membrane may be formed by contacting a solution including the glassy polymer with an aromatic polyamide layer of a composite membrane and drying the solution to form a coating of the glassy polymer on the aromatic polyamide layer. Separating hydrogen or helium from a gas stream including carbon dioxide includes contacting a gas feed stream including carbon dioxide with the gas separation membrane to yield a permeate stream having a concentration of helium or hydrogen that exceeds the concentration of helium or hydrogen, respectively, in the gas feed stream.

Abstract: A gasoline compression ignition engine, a vehicle and a method of operating a gasoline compression ignition engine. An inlet air management system includes a membrane-based separator and an exhaust gas recirculation flowpath that cooperate to deliver a nitrogen enriched air stream to the engine to help reduce exhaust gas emissions. The separator segregates the incoming air into the nitrogen enriched air stream as well as an oxygen enriched air stream such that the latter can be used for various engine load conditions, as well as for supplemental air for a cabin or related passenger compartment within a vehicle that is powered by the engine.

Abstract: Provided is a multiple single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) for colorectal cancer diagnosis, a microarray and a kit including a polynucleotide having the SNP, and a method of diagnosing colorectal cancer using the SNP. Early diagnosis of incidence or possibility of colorectal cancer can be effectively performed by using the method.

Abstract: A multiple single nucleotide polymorphism (multi-SNP) marker for cardiovascular disease diagnosis and a method of diagnosing cardiovascular disease are provided. Also, sets of polynucleotides, a microarray, and a kit including the microarray are provided.

Abstract: Provided is a method of screening multiple single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) having significance with a case group, the method comprising: selecting one or more SNPs from nucleic acid sequences of the case group and a control group; generating all combinable genotype patterns of multiple SNPs comprised of two or more of the selected SNPs; determining frequencies of the genotype patterns from the case group and the control group; and determining and choosing genotype patterns having statistical significance with the case group using the frequencies. According to the method of screening multiple SNPs, multiple SNPs associated with a specific disease or drug can be effectively selected from the entire genome of an individual. Methods of identifying susceptibility of an individual to development of Type II diabetes are also disclosed.

Abstract: Provided are an apparatus and a method for coding genetic information. An aligning unit aligns sample genetic information, wild-type probe genetic information, and mutant-type probe genetic information, based on a mutation position. A code storage unit stores first orthogonal codes assigned to each of bases located at left and right base regions based on the mutation position and second orthogonal codes assigned to a base located at the mutation position. A coding unit creates first code strings and second code strings.

Abstract: Provided is a multiple single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) for colorectal cancer diagnosis, a microarray and a kit including a polynucleotide having the SNP, and a method of diagnosing colorectal cancer using the SNP. Early diagnosis of incidence or possibility of colorectal cancer can be effectively performed by using the method.

Abstract: A method of diagnosing breast cancer in an individual aged younger than 41 or older than 54 is provided. The method comprises obtaining a nucleic acid from the individual and determining a nucleotide at a polymorphic site of the nucleic acid. Polynucleotides specific to breast cancer, a microarray comprising the polynucleotides, and diagnostic kits are also provided.

Abstract: A novel polyvinyl alcohol-based polymer membrane is disclosed. The novel polyvinyl alcohol-based polymer membrane of the present invention comprises two different compounds which are crosslinked by irradiating light such as UV or electronic beams or heat treatment to form a covalent bond between double bonds thereby providing improved properties such as chemical resistance and durability. This invention also relates to a process its preparation.

Abstract: A web page prefetching apparatus and method for efficiently prefetching a web page using link class information indicating preference of client devices for links contained in a web page. A client device includes a user input unit receiving a user input signal for a web page request; a controller receiving a first web page provided by a first web server based on a user input signal requesting the first web page, requesting a second web page provided by a second web server from the second web server, which is determined based on link class information indicating the preference of client devices for links contained in the first web page, without a user input signal, and receiving the second web page from the second web server; and a storage unit storing the second web page. Accordingly, since the reliability and efficiency of prefetching can be increased, prefetched web pages can be quickly provided to a user.

Abstract: Provided are an apparatus and a method for coding genetic information. An aligning unit aligns sample genetic information, wild-type probe genetic information, and mutant-type probe genetic information, based on a mutation position. A code storage unit stores first orthogonal codes assigned to each of bases located at left and right base regions based on the mutation position and second orthogonal codes assigned to a base located at the mutation position. A coding unit creates first code strings and second code strings.

Abstract: A system and a method for providing web services to a device without a web browser are provided. A client, which provides web services, includes a control module transmitting a user command to a server which has a web browser and which provides web services; a parsing module receiving a markup document and/or content from the server, and parsing the markup document and/or content, where the markup document and/or content are received from a web server by the web browser in response to the user command; and a content reproducing module reproducing the markup document and/or content, under control of the control module based on the parsing result.

Abstract: Provided are a polynucleotide including a marker associated with type II diabetes mellitus and a method of diagnosing type II diabetes mellitus in an individual, which includes determining a nucleotide of a polymorphic site of at least one polynucleotide of Table 1 in the specification.

Abstract: Provided is a method of screening multiple single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) having significance with a case group, the method comprising: selecting one or more SNPs from nucleic acid sequences of the case group and a control group; generating all combinable genotype patterns of multiple SNPs comprised of two or more of the selected SNPs; determining frequencies of the genotype patterns from the case group and the control group; and determining and choosing genotype patterns having statistical significance with the case group using the frequencies. According to the method of screening multiple SNPs, multiple SNPs associated with a specific disease or drug can be effectively selected from the entire genome of an individual. Methods of identifying susceptibility of an individual to development of Type II diabetes are also disclosed.

Abstract: A multiple single nucleotide polymorphism (multi-SNP) marker for cardiovascular disease diagnosis and a method of diagnosing cardiovascular disease are provided. Also, sets of polynucleotides, a microarray, and a kit including the microarray are provided.

Abstract: A method of diagnosing breast cancer in an individual aged younger than 41 or older than 54 is provided. The method comprises obtaining a nucleic acid from the individual and determining a nucleotide at a polymorphic site of the nucleic acid. Polynucleotides specific to breast cancer, a microarray comprising the polynucleotides, and diagnostic kits are also provided.

Abstract: A novel polyvinyl alcohol-based polymer membrane is disclosed. The novel polyvinyl alcohol-based polymer membrane of the present invention comprises two different compounds which are crosslinked by irradiating light such as UV or electronic beams or heat treatment to form a covalent bond between double bonds thereby providing improved properties such as chemical resistance and durability. This invention also relates to a process its preparation.