Abstract: Provided is a haptic panel including a plurality of haptic units. A haptic unit includes a lower electrode, a P-type semiconductor and an N-type semiconductor which are disposed on the lower electrode, a first upper electrode disposed on the P-type semiconductor, and a second upper electrode disposed on the N-type semiconductor. The haptic unit is configured to represent a tactile sense in response to a tactile signal and a thermal sense in response to a thermal signal.

Abstract: A touch panel is provided that includes: a substrate; a plurality of X-axis lines disposed on the substrate; a plurality of Y-axis lines crossing the plurality of X-axis lines; and an insulating layer interposed between the X-axis lines and the Y-axis lines, in which at least one first X-axis line and at least one second X-axis line selected from among the plurality of X-axis lines are connected by a first connection portion, and among the plurality of Y-axis lines, a Y-axis line crossing the first X-axis line and the second X-axis line has a first area in a region where the Y-axis line overlaps the first X-axis line and a second area in a region where the Y-axis line overlaps the second X-axis line, and the first area and the second area are different from each other.

Abstract: The display panel includes an opposite substrate and an array substrate. The opposite substrate includes a first substrate including a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, a first wire electrode formed on the first surface, a first transparent electrode formed on the first surface and partially overlapping with the first wire electrode, and a common electrode formed on the second surface. The first wire on the first surface is formed before the first transparent electrode on the first surface. The array substrate includes a second substrate including a third surface facing the second surface, and a pixel layer formed on the third surface and facing the common electrode.

Abstract: A display panel driving apparatus a data driving part which applies a first data signal to a data line corresponding to a first area of the display panel during a first sub frame period of a frame period and applies a second data signal to a data line corresponding to a second area of the display panel during a second sub frame period of the frame period, and a touch driving part which applies a touch driving signal to a touch driving line of the display panel during a first blank period next to the first sub frame period and applies the touch driving signal to the touch driving line during a second blank period next to the second sub frame period and included in the frame period.

Abstract: A method for representing a tactile image and providing a touch function and a haptic feedback function to a tactile touch panel includes: applying a touch driving voltage to the tactile touch panel; and applying a tactile voltage corresponding to an image to be displayed to the tactile touch panel in a blanking interval when the touch driving voltage may be not applied to a plurality of touch driving lines of the tactile touch panel, when a touch sensing voltage corresponding to a touch on the tactile touch panel may be received through a plurality of touch sensing lines of the tactile touch panel.

Abstract: A method for representing a tactile image and providing a touch function and a haptic feedback function to a tactile touch panel includes: applying a touch driving voltage to the tactile touch panel; and applying a tactile voltage corresponding to an image to be displayed to the tactile touch panel in a blanking interval when the touch driving voltage may be not applied to a plurality of touch driving lines of the tactile touch panel, when a touch sensing voltage corresponding to a touch on the tactile touch panel may be received through a plurality of touch sensing lines of the tactile touch panel.

Abstract: A display panel includes a first substrate and a second substrate. The first substrate includes a first base substrate having a plurality of touch cells, a plurality of gate lines formed on the first base substrate and disposed in the touch cells, and a plurality of sense lines disposed in the touch cells and respectively overlapping with at least two gate lines among the gate lines. The second substrate includes a second base substrate facing the first base substrate. Thus, a touch sense rate of the display panel and a display apparatus may be increased.

Abstract: A touch screen panel includes a driving line including a plurality of touch driving units, a sensing line substantially parallel to the driving line and which includes a plurality of touch sensing units, a first driving router disposed adjacent to the driving line and which transmits a first touch pulse to one of an even-numbered touch driving unit and an odd-numbered touch driving unit of the touch driving units, a second driving router disposed adjacent to the driving line and which transmits a second touch pulse to the other of the even-numbered touch driving unit and the odd-numbered touch driving unit of the touch driving units and a plurality of sensing routers connected to each of the touch sensing units and which receives a sensing signal from the touch sensing units.

Abstract: A sensor substrate includes a base substrate, a black matrix pattern, a sensing electrode pattern, a driving electrode pattern, and at least one bridge line. The black matrix pattern is disposed on the base substrate and divides the base substrate into a light transmission area and a light blocking area. The sensing electrode pattern includes a plurality of first unit patterns arranged in association with a first direction. The driving electrode pattern includes a plurality of second unit patterns arranged in association with a second direction and disposed adjacent to the plurality of first unit patterns. The at least one bridge line is connected between at least two of the plurality of first unit patterns or between at least two of the plurality of second unit patterns.

Abstract: A touch panel is provided that includes: a substrate; a plurality of X-axis lines disposed on the substrate; a plurality of Y-axis lines crossing the plurality of X-axis lines; and an insulating layer interposed between the X-axis lines and the Y-axis lines, in which at least one first X-axis line and at least one second X-axis line selected from among the plurality of X-axis lines are connected by a first connection portion, and among the plurality of Y-axis lines, a Y-axis line crossing the first X-axis line and the second X-axis line has a first area in a region where the Y-axis line overlaps the first X-axis line and a second area in a region where the Y-axis line overlaps the second X-axis line, and the first area and the second area are different from each other.

Abstract: According to an example embodiment of the present invention, a photoresist pattern is formed on a base substrate including a neutral layer. A sacrifice structure including a first sacrifice block and a second sacrifice block is formed on the base substrate having the photoresist pattern, and the sacrifice structure is formed from a first thin film including a first block copolymer. Thus, a chemical pattern is formed to form a nano-structure. Therefore, the nano-structure may be easily formed on a substrate having a large size by using a block copolymer, and productivity and manufacturing reliability may be improved.

Abstract: Provided is an organic light emitting diode display. An organic light emitting diode display includes: a touch panel that includes a first substrate, a first electrode disposed on the first substrate, a photosensor disposed on the first electrode, and a second electrode disposed on the photosensor; and a display panel that includes a second substrate, a thin film transistor disposed on the second substrate, a pixel electrode disposed on the thin film transistor, an emission layer disposed on the pixel electrode, a common electrode disposed on the emission layer, a passivation layer disposed on the common electrode, and a column spacer disposed on the passivation layer, wherein the display panel is disposed on the touch panel, and the column spacer and the second electrode face each other and are spaced apart from each other.

Abstract: A touch display apparatus includes a first substrate, a second substrate, a light emitting part, a light receiving part and a light transmitting element. The second substrate faces the first substrate. The light emitting part is adjacent to a first side of the first substrate, and generates and emits light to the first substrate. The light receiving part is adjacent to a first side of the second substrate at a same side of the touch display apparatus as the first side of the first substrate, and receives light from the second substrate. The light transmitting element connects a second side of the first substrate opposing the first side of the first substrate to a second side of the second substrate opposing the first side of the second substrate.

Abstract: A touch panel and a contact information determining method of the touch panel. A touch panel includes a plurality of transmitting members arranged with a predetermined interval therebetween, and a first sensor and a second sensor positioned respectively at a first terminal and a second terminal of a transmitting member, wherein a transmission signal is transmitted to the first sensor and the second sensor, in response to a contact on the transmitting member.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a first substrate, a second substrate having a first surface and a second surface facing the first substrate, a liquid crystal layer between the first and second substrates, and a touch sensor layer on the first surface. The touch sensor layer includes a first electrode in a first direction on the first surface, a second electrode in a second direction crossing the first direction on the first surface and including first and second portions that are separated by the first electrode, a bridge wire including first and second contacts on the first surface. The first contact is electrically connected to the first portion of the second electrode, and the second contact is electrically connected to the second portion of the second electrode. An insulating layer insulates the bridge wire from the first electrode and exposes the first contact and the second contact.

Abstract: A polarized light emitting light guide plate includes: a transparent substrate of optically isotropic material, in which the light incident through a lateral side thereof travels; an anisotropic liquid crystal polymer layer formed on an upper surface of the substrate and having first and second refractive indices with respect to first and second perpendicular polarization components; and a polarization separation microstructure formed at an interface between the transparent substrate and the liquid crystal polymer layer, which refracts or reflects the first polarization component and transmits the second polarization component. The refractive index of the polarization separation microstructure is substantially equal to the refractive index of the substrate; the first refractive index of the liquid crystal polymer layer is greater than the refractive index of the substrate, and the second refractive index of the liquid crystal polymer layer light is substantially equal to the refractive index of the substrate.

Abstract: The display panel includes an opposite substrate and an array substrate. The opposite substrate includes a first substrate including a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, a first wire electrode formed on the first surface, a first transparent electrode formed on the first surface and partially overlapping with the first wire electrode, and a common electrode formed on the second surface. The first wire on the first surface is formed before the first transparent electrode on the first surface. The array substrate includes a second substrate including a third surface facing the second surface, and a pixel layer formed on the third surface and facing the common electrode.

Abstract: A polarization converting system and a method of manufacturing the same are provided. The polarization converting system includes a polarization splitting unit splitting incident unpolarized light into two orthogonal polarizations and a polarization converting unit converting incident light into specific polarized light. The polarization converting unit has first and second regions that correspond to the polarization splitting unit and are different in a polarization converting extent from each other.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a first substrate, a second substrate having a first surface and a second surface facing the first substrate, a liquid crystal layer between the first and second substrates, and a touch sensor layer on the first surface. The touch sensor layer includes a first electrode in a first direction on the first surface, a second electrode in a second direction crossing the first direction on the first surface and including first and second portions that are separated by the first electrode, a bridge wire including first and second contacts on the first surface. The first contact is electrically connected to the first portion of the second electrode, and the second contact is electrically connected to the second portion of the second electrode. An insulating layer insulates the bridge wire from the first electrode and exposes the first contact and the second contact.

Abstract: A CMOS image sensor for improving light sensitivity and peripheral brightness ratio, and a method for fabricating the same. The CMOS image sensor includes a substrate on which a light sensor and device isolating insulation films are formed, in which the top of the substrate is coated with a plurality of metal layers and oxide films; a plurality of reflective layers formed inside the metal layers, each being spaced apart; a color filter embedded in a groove formed by etching the oxide films inside the reflective layers by a predetermined thickness; a plurality of protrusions formed on both sides of the top of the color filter, each arranged at a predetermined distance from one another; a flat layer formed on the top of the protrusions and the oxide films; and a micro-lens formed on the top of the flat layer. The reflective layer disposed at the top of the photodiode is made of a material having a high reflectance and low absorptivity.