Abstract: An apparatus for estimating bio-information may include: a bio-signal acquirer configured to acquire a bio-signal; and a processor configured to extract one or more first feature values from the bio-signal, determine a scale factor based on the first feature values, and to estimate bio-information based on the scale factor and the first feature values.

Abstract: An apparatus for estimating bio-information may include: a bio-signal acquirer configured to acquire a bio-signal; and a processor configured to extract one or more first feature values from the bio-signal, determine a scale factor based on the first feature values, and to estimate bio-information based on the scale factor and the first feature values.

Abstract: A method of determining regularity of a bio-signal is provided. The method of determining regularity of a bio-signal according may include acquiring a plurality of pulse waveforms of the bio-signal, acquiring a plurality of slope waveforms corresponding to the plurality of pulse waveforms, binarizing the plurality of slope waveforms, acquiring synchronization information of the plurality of pulse waveforms based on binarizing the plurality of pulse waveforms; acquiring a synchronization rate of a reference interval based on the synchronization information, and determining whether the bio-signal is regular or irregular based on the synchronization rate of the reference interval.

Abstract: A method for predicting failure of bio-information estimation is provided. The method for predicting failure of bio-information estimation includes: receiving a bio-signal; obtaining failure prediction indicators from the bio-signal that is received until a current time, the failure prediction indicators comprising at least one of a current number of pulses of the bio-signal until the current time, a current signal quality of the bio-signal until the current time, a maximum number of pulses of the bio-signal that are predicted to be measured until a time limit, and a maximum signal quality of the bio-signal that is predicted to be measured until the time limit; and predicting whether bio-information estimation will fail based on the failure prediction indicators before the time limit is elapsed.

Abstract: A blood pressure estimating apparatus includes a sensor configured to obtain a bio-signal of an object; and a processor configured to extract a first cardiovascular feature and a second cardiovascular feature based on the bio-signal, and estimate blood pressure based on a first changing tendency of the first cardiovascular feature from a first reference level and a second changing tendency of the second cardiovascular feature from a second reference level, the first changing tendency and the second changing tendency being independent from each other.

Abstract: A blood pressure estimating apparatus includes a sensor configured to obtain a bio-signal of an object; and a processor configured to extract a first cardiovascular feature and a second cardiovascular feature based on the bio-signal, and estimate blood pressure based on a first changing tendency of the first cardiovascular feature from a first reference level and a second changing tendency of the second cardiovascular feature from a second reference level, the first changing tendency and the second changing tendency being independent from each other.

Abstract: An apparatus for estimating bio-information, the apparatus including a sensor configured to obtain a bio-signal of a subject; and a processor configured to estimate a variation in a Cardiac Output (CO)-related feature from the bio-signal, and obtain a progressive wave component, which is associated with a Total Peripheral Resistance (TPR)-related feature, from the bio-signal based on an estimation result of estimating the variation.

Abstract: An apparatus for estimating bio-information may include a sensor configured to obtain a bio-signal from an object, and a processor configured to obtain a second-order differential signal of the bio-signal, and extract a progressive wave component from the bio-signal using, based on a first local minimum point of the second-order differential signal being stable, the first local minimum point of the second-order differential signal, or extract the progressive wave component from the bio-signal using, based on the first local minimum point of the second-order differential signal being unstable, a maximum amplitude point in a systolic portion of the bio-signal.

Abstract: An apparatus for estimating bio-information may include: a processor configured to measure a current time interval between a plurality of element waveforms of the pulse wave signal, determine whether a current measurement posture of the user corresponds to a reference posture based on the current time interval of the plurality of element waveforms, and estimate the bio-information based on a determination of whether the current measurement posture corresponds to the reference posture.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus for estimating bio-information. The apparatus for estimating bio-information according to an embodiment includes a processor configured to obtain a pulse wave signal from a user; extract components of a plurality of element waveforms which constitute a waveform of the pulse wave signal; and obtain a cardiovascular feature based on the extracted components of the plurality of element waveforms. The processor is configured to extract a component of at least one element waveform based on a component of an adjacent element waveform.

Abstract: An apparatus for estimating bio-information includes: a sensor configured to obtain a bio-signal from an object; and a processor configured to obtain a second-order differential signal of the bio-signal, to detect at least one of an inflection point in a predetermined period of the second-order differential signal, and a zero-crossing point in the predetermined period of the second-order differential signal, to extract a feature based on the detected at least one of the inflection point and the zero-crossing point, and to estimate bio-information based on the extracted feature.

Abstract: An apparatus for calibrating a bio-information estimation model is provided. The apparatus for calibrating a bio-information estimation model includes: a data obtainer configured to obtain at least one pulse wave signal; and a processor configured to extract a plurality of feature sets, each feature set including one or more features, from each of the at least one pulse wave signal, and configured to calibrate a bio-information estimation model based on a correlation distribution of the extracted plurality of feature sets.

Abstract: An apparatus for calibrating a bio-information estimation model is provided. The apparatus may include a sensor configured to detect a bio-signal from an object of interest, and a processor configured to extract a first feature at each of a plurality of points of the bio-signal, extract a second feature at each of the plurality of points of the bio-signal, and determine a calibration point of the bio-information estimation model, from among the plurality of points of the bio-signal, based on a first degree of change in the first feature at each point relative to a first feature at a reference point and a second degree of change in the second feature at each point relative to a second feature at the reference point.

Abstract: A bio-signal processing apparatus, a biometric information detection apparatus, and a method of detecting biometric information are provided. The bio-signal processing apparatus includes a first low pass filter (LPF) configured to have a first cutoff frequency, and output a first preprocessed signal having low frequency components of an input bio-signal that are less than the first cutoff frequency, a second LPF configured to have a second cutoff frequency, and output a second preprocessed signal in which high frequency components greater than or equal to the second cutoff frequency are removed from the input bio-signal, and a processor configured to output an output bio-signal for biometric information detection, based on the output first preprocessed signal and the output second preprocessed signal.

Abstract: A bio-signal processing apparatus, a biometric information detection apparatus, and a method of detecting biometric information are provided. The bio-signal processing apparatus includes a first low pass filter (LPF) configured to have a first cutoff frequency, and output a first preprocessed signal having low frequency components of an input bio-signal that are less than the first cutoff frequency, a second LPF configured to have a second cutoff frequency, and output a second preprocessed signal in which high frequency components greater than or equal to the second cutoff frequency are removed from the input bio-signal, and a processor configured to output an output bio-signal for biometric information detection, based on the output first preprocessed signal and the output second preprocessed signal.

Abstract: An apparatus for estimating bio-information includes a sensor configured to measure a bio-signal from an object, and a processor configured to obtain a feature based on the measured bio-signal, obtain a bio-information variation based on the obtained feature, obtain an adjustment coefficient based on the obtained bio-information variation, and estimate the bio-information by applying the obtained adjustment coefficient to the obtained bio-information variation.

Abstract: A bio-signal processing apparatus, a biometric information detection apparatus, and a method of detecting biometric information are provided. The bio-signal processing apparatus includes a first low pass filter (LPF) configured to have a first cutoff frequency, and output a first preprocessed signal having low frequency components of an input bio-signal that are less than the first cutoff frequency, a second LPF configured to have a second cutoff frequency, and output a second preprocessed signal in which high frequency components greater than or equal to the second cutoff frequency are removed from the input bio-signal, and a processor configured to output an output bio-signal for biometric information detection, based on the output first preprocessed signal and the output second preprocessed signal.

Abstract: A heartbeat index determination apparatus may include a pulse wave acquirer configured to acquire a plurality of pulse wave signals that are measured using light of different wavelengths; and a processor configured to measure wavelength-specific heartbeat index values from the plurality of pulse wave signals and determine that a wavelength-specific heartbeat index value that is obtained from the plurality of pulse wave signals a most number of times among the wavelength-specific heartbeat index values is a heartbeat index value of a user.

Abstract: An apparatus for estimating blood glucose using a photoplethysmography (PPG) signal is provided. The apparatus for estimating blood glucose includes: a pulse wave sensor configured to obtain a pulse wave signal from an object; and a processor configured to obtain at least two points from a waveform of the pulse wave signal, to extract a feature based on time values of the obtained at least two points, and to estimate blood glucose based on the extracted feature.

Abstract: A device, a method, and a system recognize a motion using a gripped object. The motion recognition device may estimate a state of a wrist of a user according to a writing action using the gripped object and may estimate a joint motion of a body part related to the wrist according to the writing action. The device may then estimate a state of the gripped object according to the state of the wrist and the joint motion. Additionally, the motion recognition device may control an external device by using a control signal generated by continuously tracking the state of the object.