Abstract: Provided herein is a memory device for performing a program operation on memory cells. The memory device include a plurality of memory cells configured to store data, a voltage generator configured to apply program voltages to a word line coupled to the plurality of memory cells during a program operation in which the plurality of memory cells are programmed to a plurality of program states, a cell speed determiner configured to determine a program speed of the plurality of memory cells depending on a number of pulses for the program voltages applied to the word line while the program operation is being performed, and a program manager configured to change a condition for remaining program operations depending on the program speed determined by the cell speed determiner.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes: a casing; a printing medium supply unit, which is coupled to the casing, and supplies a printing medium; an image forming unit, which forms an image on the printing medium supplied from the printing medium supply unit; and a discharge unit. The discharge unit includes: a discharging part, which discharges the printing medium fed from the image forming unit out of the casing; a feeding guide, which is provided along in a feeding path of the printing medium, and moves between a discharging position, in which the printing medium is discharged out of the casing, and a back feeding position, in which the printing medium is back fed to the image forming unit; and a pressing lever, which presses and releases the feeding guide, according to a movement of the discharging part, so that the feeding guide can move between the discharging position and the back feeding position.

Abstract: An optional tray fastening device of an image forming apparatus, for providing a fastening connection between an optional receiving tray moving in and out with respect to a main body of the image forming apparatus and the main body when mounting the optional tray to a lower part of the main body, includes a fastening depression formed at a lower part of the main body; a connection boss that protrudes from an upper part of the optional tray to be inserted in the fastening depression; and a key member that restrains escape of the connection boss from the fastening depression.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes: a casing; a printing medium supply unit, which is coupled to the casing, and supplies a printing medium; an image forming unit, which forms an image on the printing medium supplied from the printing medium supply unit; and a discharge unit. The discharge unit includes: a discharging part, which discharges the printing medium fed from the image forming unit out of the casing; a feeding guide, which is provided along in a feeding path of the printing medium, and moves between a discharging position, in which the printing medium is discharged out of the casing, and a back feeding position, in which the printing medium is back fed to the image forming unit; and a pressing lever, which presses and releases the feeding guide, according to a movement of the discharging part, so that the feeding guide can move between the discharging position and the back feeding position.

Abstract: An image reading device and an image forming apparatus having the same. The image reading device includes a scan path to scan and read image information by a scan unit, a duplex path to connect a downstream side of the scan path to an upstream side of the scan path to achieve a duplex scanning operation, a discharge path having a first end to connect with the scan path and a second end to connect with a first document outlet port to discharge a scanned document, and a reverse path having a first end to connect with the duplex path and a second end to connect with a second document outlet port to reverse the direction of the document being fed to achieve a duplex scanning operation.

Abstract: An optional tray fastening device of an image forming apparatus, for providing a fastening connection between an optional receiving tray moving in and out with respect to a main body of the image forming apparatus and the main body when mounting the optional tray to a lower part of the main body, includes a fastening depression formed at a lower part of the main body; a connection boss that protrudes from an upper part of the optional tray to be inserted in the fastening depression; and a key member that restrains escape of the connection boss from the fastening depression.

Abstract: A paper pickup apparatus in a printer for pivotally moving by a motor includes a driving shaft rotated by the motor, a first pickup housing having at least one first transmission gear and first and second end portions, the first end portion mounted to the driving shaft, the first transmission gear transmitting torque from the driving shaft, a second pickup housing having at least one second transmission gear and being rotatably mounted to the second end portion of the first pickup housing, the second transmission gear transmitting torque from the first pickup housing, a connecting portion for connecting the first and second pickup housing with each other, the first pickup housing being rotatable to the second pickup housing centering thereon, and a pickup roller mounted to the second pickup housing and rotated by torque from the second transmission gear.

Abstract: A paper pickup apparatus in a printer for pivotally moving by a motor includes a driving shaft rotated by the motor, a first pickup housing having at least one first transmission gear and first and second end portions, the first end portion mounted to the driving shaft, the first transmission gear transmitting torque from the driving shaft, a second pickup housing having at least one second transmission gear and being rotatably mounted to the second end portion of the first pickup housing, the second transmission gear transmitting torque from the first pickup housing, a connecting portion for connecting the first and second pickup housing with each other, the first pickup housing being rotatable to the second pickup housing centering thereon, and a pickup roller mounted to the second pickup housing and rotated by torque from the second transmission gear.

Abstract: In a light emitting diode print head of the dynamic drive method type including an upper substrate having a transversely elongated opening, a plurality of common electrodes arranged on the first side region of the opening of the upper substrate in parallel therewith, a plurality of light emitting diode array chips each mounted on one of the common electrodes, a plurality of drive circuits arranged on the second side region of the opening of the upper substrate, a plurality of drive ICs mounted on the upper substrate between the opening and the drive circuits, the number of the drive ICs being the same as that of the array chips, a lower substrate divided into a plurality of wiring regions and having the same size as that of the upper substrate, the number of the wiring regions being the same as that of the drive ICs, and a plurality of individual electrode wirings of undulated form arranged on the wiring regions along the length of the lower substrate and corresponding to the electrode pads of the light emitt