Abstract: A method of fabricating a photonic device includes in part, forming a multitude of metal and dielectric layers over a semiconductor substrate to form a structure. The metal layers form a continuous metal trace that characterize an etch channel. At least one of the metal layers extends towards an exterior surface of the structure such that when the structure is exposed to a metal etch, the metal etch removes the metal from the exterior surface of the structure and flows through the etch channel to fully etch the metal layers. The metal etch leaves behind a dielectric structure characterizing a photonic device. The photonic device may be a suspended rib waveguide, a suspended channel waveguide, a grating coupler, an interlayer coupler, a photodetector, a phase modulator, an edge coupler, and the like. A photonics system may include one or more of such devices.

Abstract: An electro-optical includes, in part, a multitude of phase modulators each of which includes, in part, a p-type semiconductor region, an n-type semiconductor region, and a ?(2) insulating dielectric material disposed between the p-type and n-type semiconductor regions. The electro-optical device may be a phased array in which each phase modulator is associated with a different one of the transmitting elements of the phased array. The ?(2) insulating dielectric material may be an organic polymer. The electro-optical device may further include, in part, a multitude of sensors each associated with a different one of the phase modulators. Each sensor is adapted to receive a phase modulated signal generated by the sensor’s associated phase modulator. The electro-optical device may further include, in part, a multitude of amplitude modulators each associated with a different one of the multitude of phase modulators.

Abstract: An optical phased array, includes, in part, K beam processors each adapted to receive a different one of K optical signals and generate N optical signals in response. The difference between the phases of optical signals aLM and aL(M+1) is the same for all Ms, where M is an integer ranging from 1 to N?1 defining the signals generated by a beam processor, and L is an integer ranging from 1 to K defining the beam processor generating the K optical signals. The transmitter further includes, in part, a combiner adapted to receive the N×K optical signals from the K beam processors and combine the K optical signals from different ones of the K beam processors to generate N optical signals. The transmitter further includes, in part, N radiating elements each adapted to transmit one of the N optical signals.

Abstract: A coherent imaging system including a transmitter and a receiver. The transmitter includes a coherent source and a power splitter for splitting the electromagnetic radiation into a reference and a signal beam. The receiver includes an image forming device and an array of pixels. Each of the pixels include means for collecting at least a portion of the signal beam imaged on the pixel by an image forming device, as a collected signal; means for splitting the collected signal into a plurality of collected signals each having different phase shifts; means for mixing each of the collected signals with the reference beam so as to form a plurality of mixed signals; and means for detecting the mixed signals and outputting a plurality of output electrical signals in response to the mixed signals.

Abstract: A phased array includes, in part, M×N photonic chips each of which includes, in part, an array of transmitters and an array of receivers. At least one of M and/or N is an integer greater than one. The transmitter arrays in each pair of adjacent photonics chips are spaced apart by a first distance and the receiver arrays in each pair of adjacent photonics chips are spaced apart by a second distance. The first and second distances are co-prime numbers. Optionally, at least a second subset of the M×N photonic chips is formed by rotating a first subset of the M×N photonic chips.

Abstract: An electro-optical includes, in part, a multitude of phase modulators each of which includes, in part, a p-type semiconductor region, an n-type semiconductor region, and a ?(2) insulating dielectric material disposed between the p-type and n-type semiconductor regions. The electro-optical device may be a phased array in which each phase modulator is associated with a different one of the transmitting elements of the phased array. The ?(2) insulating dielectric material may be an organic polymer. The electro-optical device may further include, in part, a multitude of sensors each associated with a different one of the phase modulators. Each sensor is adapted to receive a phase modulated signal generated by the sensor's associated phase modulator. The electro-optical device may further include, in part, a multitude of amplitude modulators each associated with a different one of the multitude of phase modulators.

Abstract: A co-prime transceiver attains higher fill factor, improved side-lobe rejection, and higher lateral resolution per given number of pixels. The co-prime transceiver includes in part, a transmitter array having a multitude of transmitting elements and a receiver array having a multitude of receiving elements. The distance between each pair of adjacent transmitting elements is a first integer multiple of the whole or fraction of the wavelength of the optical. The distance between each pair of adjacent receiving elements is a second integer multiple of the whole or fraction of the wavelength of the optical signal. The first and second integers are co-prime numbers with respect to one another. The transceiver is fully realizable in a standard planar photonics platform in which the spacing between the elements provides sufficient room for optical routing to inner elements.

Abstract: An optical phased array includes a first multitude of optical transmitting/receiving elements (elements) positioned along a periphery of a first circular path. The phased array may further include a second multitude of optical elements positioned along a periphery of a second circular path concentric with the first circular path, and a third multitude of optical elements positioned along a periphery of a third circular path concentric with the first and second circular paths. The second circular path has a radius that is longer than the radius of the first circular path but shorter than the radius of the third circular. The number of the second multitude of optical elements is greater than the number of the first multitude of optical elements by N elements, and the number of the third multitude of optical elements is greater than the number of the second multitude of optical elements by M elements.

Abstract: An optical phased array, includes, in part, K beam processors each adapted to receive a different one of K optical signals and generate N optical signals in response. The difference between the phases of optical signals aLM and aL(M+1) is the same for all Ms, where M is an integer ranging from 1 to N?1 defining the signals generated by a beam processor, and L is an integer ranging from 1 to K defining the beam processor generating the K optical signals. The transmitter further includes, in part, a combiner adapted to receive the N×K optical signals from the K beam processors and combine the K optical signals from different ones of the K beam processors to generate N optical signals. The transmitter further includes, in part, N radiating elements each adapted to transmit one of the N optical signals.

Abstract: An interface for communicating with qubits, the interface including one or more splitters splitting a plurality of signals from a modulated optical carrier and outputting the signals to a plurality of outputs. In one example, the signals include a plurality of different input signals used for exciting or controlling the one or more qubits. In another example, the signals include a plurality of output signals received from the one or more qubits, wherein the output signals used to read one or more states of the one or more qubits.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a photonic device includes in part, forming a multitude of metal and dielectric layers over a semiconductor substrate to form a structure. The metal layers form a continuous metal trace that characterize an etch channel. At least one of the metal layers extends towards an exterior surface of the structure such that when the structure is exposed to a metal etch, the metal etch removes the metal from the exterior surface of the structure and flows through the etch channel to fully etch the metal layers. The metal etch leaves behind a dielectric structure characterizing a photonic device. The photonic device may be a suspended rib waveguide, a suspended channel waveguide, a grating coupler, an interlayer coupler, a photodetector, a phase modulator, an edge coupler, and the like. A photonics system may include one or more of such devices.

Abstract: An optical phased array (OPA) includes, in part, a multitude of phase control elements disposed along N rows and M columns forming an N×M array. The phase control elements disposed along ith row are coupled to ith row signal line and phase control elements disposed along jth column are coupled to jth column signal line. The OPA further includes, in part, a row select block having N switches each configured to couple one of the N rows of the phase control elements to a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) in response to a row select signal. The OPA further includes, in part, a column select block having M switches each configured to couple one of the M rows of the phase control elements to a ground terminal in response to a column select signal.

Abstract: An optical phased array, includes, in part, K beam processors each adapted to receive a different one of K optical signals and generate N optical signals in response. The difference between the phases of optical signals aLM and aL(M+1) is the same for all Ms, where M is an integer ranging from 1 to N?1 defining the signals generated by a beam processor, and L is an integer ranging from 1 to K defining the beam processor generating the K optical signals. The transmitter further includes, in part, a combiner adapted to receive the N×K optical signals from the K beam processors and combine the K optical signals from different ones of the K beam processors to generate N optical signals. The transmitter further includes, in part, N radiating elements each adapted to transmit one of the N optical signals.

Abstract: An optical phased array includes, in part, a multitude of receiving elements arranged along N rows and M columns, and a controller configured to activate a first subset of the receiving elements during a first time interval to capture first data representative of a first image of a target, to activate a second subset of the receiving elements during a second time interval to capture second data representative of a second image of the target, and to combine the first and second data to generate the image of the target. The first and second subsets may share common receiving elements. The controller may be further configured to compute an average of the first and second data to generate the image of the target. The first subset may represent a subset of the M columns.

Abstract: A communicate device includes transmitters and a receiver. The first transmitter is coupled to a first 90° phase shifter that is also coupled to a first antenna, and to a second 90° phase shifter that is also coupled to a first node. The second transmitter is coupled to a third 90° phase shifter that is also coupled to a second antenna, and to a fourth 90° phase shifter that is also coupled to the first node. The receiver is coupled to a fifth 90° phase shifter that is also coupled to the first antenna, and to a sixth 90° phase shifter that is also coupled to the second antenna. A non-reciprocal element, coupled between the receiver and the first node, provides a 90° phase shift from the receiver to the first node and a ?90° phase shift from the first node to the receiver.

Abstract: A communicate device includes transmitters and a receiver. The first transmitter is coupled to a first 90° phase shifter that is also coupled to a first antenna, and to a second 90° phase shifter that is also coupled to a first node. The second transmitter is coupled to a third 90° phase shifter that is also coupled to a second antenna, and to a fourth 90° phase shifter that is also coupled to the first node. The receiver is coupled to a fifth 90° phase shifter that is also coupled to the first antenna, and to a sixth 90° phase shifter that is also coupled to the second antenna. A non-reciprocal element, coupled between the receiver and the first node, provides a 90° phase shift from the receiver to the first node and a ?90° phase shift from the first node to the receiver.

Abstract: An optical phased array, includes, in part, K beam processors each adapted to receive a different one of K optical signals and generate N optical signals in response. The difference between the phases of optical signals aLM and aL(M+1) is the same for all Ms, where M is an integer ranging from 1 to N?1 defining the signals generated by a beam processor, and L is an integer ranging from 1 to K defining the beam processor generating the K optical signals. The transmitter further includes, in part, a combiner adapted to receive the N×K optical signals from the K beam processors and combine the K optical signals from different ones of the K beam processors to generate N optical signals. The transmitter further includes, in part, N radiating elements each adapted to transmit one of the N optical signals.

Abstract: An optical phased array includes, in part, a multitude of receiving elements arranged along N rows and M columns, and a controller configured to activate a first subset of the receiving elements during a first time interval to capture first data representative of a first image of a target, to activate a second subset of the receiving elements during a second time interval to capture second data representative of a second image of the target, and to combine the first and second data to generate the image of the target. The first and second subsets may share common receiving elements. The controller may be further configured to compute an average of the first and second data to generate the image of the target. The first subset may represent a subset of the M columns.

Abstract: An electro-optical includes, in part, a multitude of phase modulators each of which includes, in part, a p-type semiconductor region, an n-type semiconductor region, and a ?(2) insulating dielectric material disposed between the p-type and n-type semiconductor regions. The electro-optical device may be a phased array in which each phase modulator is associated with a different one of the transmitting elements of the phased array. The ?(2) insulating dielectric material may be an organic polymer. The electro-optical device may further include, in part, a multitude of sensors each associated with a different one of the phase modulators. Each sensor is adapted to receive a phase modulated signal generated by the sensor's associated phase modulator. The electro-optical device may further include, in part, a multitude of amplitude modulators each associated with a different one of the multitude of phase modulators.

Abstract: A sparse optical phased array transmitter/receiver includes, in part, a multitude of transmitting/receiving elements that are sparsely positioned. Accordingly, the transmitting/receiving elements are not uniformly distributed at equal distance intervals along a one-dimensional, two-dimensional, or a three-dimensional array. The positions of the transmitting/receiving elements may or may not conform to an ordered pattern.