Abstract: A non-invasive sensing system for measuring the concentration of a substance within an object, the system including a support element adapted to be placed near to, or against, a surface of the object, a first transmitting antenna mounted upon or within the support element for transmitting electromagnetic radiation signals into the object, and a second receiving antenna mounted upon or within the support element, and adjacent to the first transmitting antenna, for receiving at least a portion of the electromagnetic radiation signals that are reflected back to the same surface of the object covered by the support element, due to the transmitted electromagnetic radiation signals having interacted with the substance within the object being measured.

Abstract: A non-invasive sensing system for measuring the concentration of a substance within an object, the system including a support element adapted to be placed near to, or against, a surface of the object, a first transmitting antenna mounted upon or within the support element for transmitting electromagnetic radiation signals into the object, and a second receiving antenna mounted upon or within the support element, and adjacent to the first transmitting antenna, for receiving at least a portion of the electromagnetic radiation signals that are reflected back to the same surface of the object covered by the support element, due to the transmitted electromagnetic radiation signals having interacted with the substance within the object being measured.

Abstract: A method of temperature and/or composition measurement of an at least partially aqueous target (6) using a system (1) including; a transmitter and receiver mechanism (2) including one or more transmitting (3) and receiving antenna(e) (4); signal processor (5), capable of calculating the attenuation of the transmitted signal; the method including the steps of; irradiating a target (6) with a plurality of electromagnetic radiation signals including a first signal with a frequency in the microwave/UHF spectrum, and a second signal with a frequency in the radio frequency (RF) spectrum; receiving an attenuated signal transmitted though the target (6); calculating the attenuation of the transmitted signal with the signal processor (5).