Abstract: Embodiments in the current disclosure relate to improving the efficiencies of geothermal heating and cooling systems, solar based energy production and other “green-energy” generators by linking them together for increasing the usable energy which is extractable from each generator and/or energy storage reservoir. In some embodiments, increased efficiencies of both geothermal solutions and systems exploiting solar energy or other energy generators are achieved by linking them together. Preferably but not necessarily the linking includes smart-contacts which automatically enhance the links according to temporal measurable values characterizing the connectable modules and devices. A geothermal reservoir may include an inlet with a large surface area between a shell of the reservoir and the ground.

Abstract: A communication system includes a Core Network (CN); a 3GPP Home Node-B GateWay (HNB-GW); a Communication Apparatus (CA) coupled to the CN and embedded in a Communication Device (CD), wherein said CA transforms a 3GPP Home Node-B (HNB) into a mobile or location independent portable entity.

Abstract: A communication system includes a Core Network (CN); a 3GPP Home Node-B GateWay (HNB-GW); a Communication Apparatus (CA) coupled to the CN and embedded in a Communication Device (CD), wherein said CA transforms a 3GPP Home Node-B (HNB) into a mobile or location independent portable entity.

Abstract: A communication system that allows for automatic switching between cellular and a wireless local area network is disclosed.

Abstract: A communication system that allows for automatic switching between cellular and a wireless local area network is disclosed.

Abstract: A communication system includes a 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Core Network (CN); a 3GPP Home Node-B GateWay (HNB-GW); a Communication Apparatus (CA) coupled to the CN and embedded in a Communication Device (CD), wherein said CA transforms a 3GPP Home Node-B (HNB) into a mobile or location independent portable entity, wherein said CA interconnects to the CN by interconnecting to the HNB-GW over a 3GPP Iuh Interface, wherein said CA includes multi-layered protocol stacks for implementing 3GPP control plane functionality, user plane functionality and management functionality.

Abstract: A communication system that allows for automatic switching between cellular and a wireless local area network is disclosed.

Abstract: A communication system that allows for automatic switching between cellular and a wireless local area network is disclosed.

Abstract: It is disclosed a densely packable sequential series of external housing units associated with succeeding internal housing units. The external housing units have inside volume and openings for receiving the internal housing unit. Means for facilitating the displacement of an internal unit out of an external unit, like integrated bearings, integrated wheels, integrated retractable wheels, and a low friction coating are installed on an inside shells of the associated external housing unit, on an outside shells of the internal housing unit. The housing units have a uniform cross section along a majority of one of the dimensions of the unit, having outlines like a circle, a triangular frame, a rectangular frame, a circular arc of, a trapezoidal frame, a polygon of five, six or more edges, a hyperbolic arc, and a parabolic arc, or other types of arches. The typical transverse linear size of an internal unit is 80% to 99% of the preceding external unit.

Abstract: It is provided an underground structure, usable at least as a shelter, having a light weight substantially cylindrical portion, of a cylindrical casing having a weight to area ratio in the range of 8 to 30 kg/m2. The casing has a strength level and an impermeability level high enough for serving as part a sealable underground liquid storage tank and at least one sealable opening connecting it to external spaces. The cylindrical portion includes openings for entering and exiting the interior of the portion, and passageways communicate the structure with outside spaces. The surrounding ground provides a geo-thermal reservoir which is used to regulate by a flowing fluid the temperature of the shelter space, modules inside the shelter or above ground structures. The structure includes provisions for receiving of variety of auxiliary systems like an air-treatment system, communication system water and power supply.

Abstract: A communication system that allows for automatic switching between cellular and a wireless local area network is disclosed.

Abstract: It is disclosed a densely packable sequential series of external housing units associated with succeeding internal housing units. The external housing units have inside volume and openings for receiving the internal housing unit. Means for facilitating the displacement of an internal unit out of an external unit, like integrated bearings, integrated wheels, integrated retractable wheels, and a low friction coating are installed on an inside shells of the associated external housing unit, on an outside shells of the internal housing unit. The housing units have a uniform cross section along a majority of one of the dimensions of the unit, having outlines like a circle, a triangular frame, a rectangular frame, a circular arc of a trapezoidal frame, a polygon of five, six or more edges, a hyperbolic arc, and a parabolic arc, or other types of arches. The typical transverse linear size of an internal unit is 80% to 99% of the preceding external unit.

Abstract: It is provided an underground structure, usable at least as a shelter, having a light weight substantially cylindrical portion, of a cylindrical casing having a weight to area ratio in the range of 8 to 30 kg/m2. The casing has a strength level and an impermeability level high enough for serving as part a sealable underground liquid storage tank and at least one sealable opening connecting it to external spaces. The cylindrical portion includes openings for entering and exiting the interior of the portion, and passageways communicate the structure with outside spaces. The surrounding ground provides a geo-thermal reservoir which is used to regulate by a flowing fluid the temperature of the shelter space, modules inside the shelter or above ground structures. The structure includes provisions for receiving of variety of auxiliary systems like an air-treatment system, communication system water and power supply.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for personalized information retrieval related to identified objects, prompted by a coded activation message (AM), containing Object Identifiers (OIs), and necessary message-source's identifiers. Decoded AMs identify the required information recipients and their communication devices (RIDs) and direct a communication server to a site containing identified object-related information, formatted for personalized delivery defined by RID features and preset preferences of relevant entities. The PCWS interactively monitors and directs information flow through selected, preferred communication links, reestablishing flow upon disruptions or per AMs. Alternatively, the system can include sensors for detecting events associated with relevant objects and potential recipients, and submitting AMs on behalf of relevant recipients. Recipients can use keypad or voice commands for online interactive remote-control of PCWS information retrieval, routing and storage.

Abstract: System and methods are disclosed for employing personalized switching and routing Communication Web Server (PCWS), enabling prompt activation, maintaining, monitoring and documenting of personalized communication processes, created and stored by PCWS authorized users, using PCWS guided procedure. Processes are either adopted for personalization from qualified process libraries offered by the PCWS, or customized by users utilizing the PCWS software. Thus, unskilled users can personalize complex “soft-switch” tasks for optimizing communication processes through a multitude of alternative channels, networks and devices with one or many communicating entities. The system's processes can be programmed to transfer information in forms such as audio, data, or video.

Abstract: Systems and methods of creating and utilizing audio-marking of specific information items for pointing at the existence of Additional Information and Processes (AIPs) related to such information items and, when required, activating preset links to such specific AIPs. The invention describes processes and methods that enable authorized creation, insertion and activation of Audio-based Marking-Signals (“AMSs”) in association with streaming or playing of audio-related information files, containing the Marked Information Items (MIIs), for enabling precise identification and activation of identified accessible links to AIPs related to the MIIs. Users of the system and methods, who operate communication devices and are able to sense the AMSs, can correlate the AMS existence and type to a specific MII, and, if interested, activate links to specific MII-related AIPs, using short command messages for receiving the relevant information or activating relevant processes.

Abstract: A method of surface-treating a workpiece is described characterized in aping one or more short-duration electrical pulses to produce, for each pulse, a high amplitude short-duration electrical discharge between the workpiece, serving as an anode, and another material serving as a cathode, while the workpiece and cathode are in a vacuum ambient. The workpiece and cathode are spaced from each other by a gap which is less than the smallest dimension of the cathode in the plane therethrough parallel to the workpiece.