Abstract: A thin film transistor includes a substrate, a semiconductor layer, a gate insulating layer, a gate, a source and a drain. The semiconductor layer is located above the substrate. The gate insulating layer is located above the semiconductor layer. The gate is located above the gate insulating layer and overlapping with the semiconductor layer. The gate includes a first portion, a second portion and a third portion. The first portion is extending along the surface of the gate insulating layer and directly in contact with the gate insulating layer. The second portion is separated from the gate insulating layer. Taking the surface of the gate insulating layer as a reference, the top surface of the second portion is higher than the top surface of the first portion. The third portion connects the first portion to the second portion. The source and the drain are electrically connected to the semiconductor layer.

Abstract: Systems and methods for tracking the privacy policy of an electronic device in a network having a privacy policy server and an authentication server are provided. In one aspect a privacy policy server receives a connection request from the electronic device, queries an authentication server for the device's privacy policy acceptance state. If the device had not accepted the network's privacy policy, the privacy policy server sends a URL to the device so the device may accept or reject the policy. The authentication server locates a network session identifier representing the device's connection with the network and response to the policy server indicating the device's current privacy policy acceptance state if applicable. Advantageously, a network session identifier can track a device's privacy policy acceptance state when the device reconnects with the network. The systems and methods are applicable in wireless networks, such as 802.11.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a chip packaging method and a chip packaging structure. The chip packaging method includes: providing an encapsulated grain and a packaging substrate, the encapsulated grain including a first hybrid bonding structure; wherein the packaging substrate includes a front side and a back side opposite to each other; a second hybrid bonding structure is formed on the front side of the packaging substrate and a connection pin is formed on the back side of the packing substrate; the second hybrid bonding structure and the connection pin are electrically connected through a third connecting metal column penetrating the packaging substrate; and bonding together the first hybrid bonding structure of the encapsulated grain and the second hybrid bonding structure of the packaging substrate by medium-to-medium and metal-to-metal aligned bonding such that the encapsulated grain is bonded to the packaging substrate.

Abstract: A key-value store and a file system are integrated together to provide improved operations. The key-value store can include a log engine, a hash engine, a sorting engine, and a garbage collection manager. The features of the key-value store can be configured to reduce the number of I/O operations involving the file system, thereby improving read efficiency, reducing write latency, and reducing write amplification issues inherent in the combined key-value store and file system.

Abstract: Resource optimized forwarding of classified requests to different instances of a microservice is provided. The process includes obtaining classified requests to a microservice. The classified requests are classified based on different microservice resource consumption types. Further, the method includes forwarding the classified requests to instances of the microservice with different assigned resource configurations. The forwarding is based on the different microservice resource consumption types of the classified requests.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and system for transmitting control information in a header of a physical protocol data unit (PPDU), such as an IEEE 802.11 compliant PPDU. Embodiments include indicating control features in an EDMG PPDU for Wireless LAN communications. The method and system may include overloading at least one bit of a Scrambler Initialization Field in the PPDU header (e.g. the PHY header) to convey control information, as well as to be used to initialize the scrambler shift register. The same header bits are thus used for both purposes. Examples of control information include a primary channel, channel width or MIMO configuration to be used in further communication.

Abstract: Provided is a bioreactor apparatus including: a liquid storage chamber for storing a culture medium; a pump for providing pressure to drive the flow of the culture medium; a plurality of culture chambers providing an accommodating space to accommodate the culture medium and a cell to be cultured; and a pipeline connecting the liquid storage chamber, the pump, and the culture chamber to form a closed loop. Also provided is a bioreactor system including the bioreactor apparatus of the present disclosure, the culture medium, and a cell. Further provided is a method for culturing a cell or an organoid by the bioreactor apparatus of the present disclosure. The bioreactor apparatus, bioreactor system, and method of the present disclosure can form a biomimetic circulatory system, which is beneficial for simulating and evaluating the complex microenvironment and physiological mechanism in the living body.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an array substrate and a display panel including the same. The array substrate includes a plurality of pixel units. Each of the pixel units includes a main pixel electrode, a sub-pixel electrode, a first thin film transistor (TFT) electrically connected to the sub-pixel electrode, a second TFT electrically connected to the first TFT, and a third TFT electrically connected to the main pixel electrode. The first TFT includes a first channel and a first semiconductor layer. The first channel includes two or more subchannels. The first semiconductor layer includes two or more semiconductor sublayers. Each of the semiconductor sublayers is disposed in a corresponding subchannel.

Abstract: A housing structure includes a substrate, a first adhesive layer, and a silica gel layer. The substrate includes a first portion, and the first portion includes polybutylene terephthalate and glass fibers, the glass fibers and the polybutylene terephthalate are in a ratio between 40% and 50% by weight. The first adhesive layer is formed on the first portion. The first adhesive layer includes polysiloxane in a range of 2% to 5% by weight, acrylic resin in a range of 3% to 5% by weight, isopropanol in a range of 20% to 30% by weight, cyclohexane in a range of 20% to 30% by weight, and toluene in a range of 20% to 30% by weight. The silica gel layer is formed on the first adhesive layer, and the first adhesive layer bonds the silica gel layer to the first portion.

Abstract: A method of non-interactive zero-knowledge crowd verifiable digital contact tracing, system and devices that provides improved accuracy and/or privacy by improving the validity of digital contact tracing sources. Private information associated with a respective user intended for a receiver is uploaded to a data server. The receiver is notified that the private information has been uploaded to the data server. A proof of the private information is generated using a proof function of a non-interactive zero-knowledge cryptographic protocol and added to a contact tracing blockchain for the respective user. A second blockchain transaction is added in response to verification of the proof by a verifier network using a verification function of the non-interactive zero-knowledge cryptographic protocol and the receiver is be notified.

Abstract: The invention provides anti-VISTA antibody drug conjugates which may be used for targeted delivery of anti-inflammatory agents such as steroids to immune cells, e.g., myeloid cells. The invention also provides methods of using anti-VISTA antibody drug conjugates in the treatment of inflammatory and/or autoimmune conditions and/or for alleviating the toxicity of anti-inflammatory agents such as steroids.

Abstract: A method, system and devices for digital contact tracing security and privacy with proximity-based ID exchange with distance-bounding. The method is performed by a first wireless communication device and provides for exchanging IDs with a second wireless communication device. A rolling proximity identifier A associated with the first wireless communication device is sent to the second wireless communication device. A rolling proximity identifier B associated with the second wireless communication device is received from the second wireless communication device. A cryptographic challenge response authentication with time-based distance-bounding is performed based on a hash value determined from the rolling proximity identifiers in accordance with a hash function. The rolling proximity identifier of the second wireless communication device is only stored in memory in response to a successful cryptographic challenge response authentication.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and system for transmitting control information in a header of a physical protocol data unit (PPDU), such as an IEEE 802.11 compliant PPDU. Embodiments include indicating control features in an EDMG PPDU for Wireless LAN communications. The method and system may include overloading at least one bit of a Scrambler Initialization Field in the PPDU header (e.g. the PHY header) to convey control information, as well as to be used to initialize the scrambler shift register. The same header bits are thus used for both purposes. Examples of control information include a primary channel, channel width or MIMO configuration to be used in further communication.

Abstract: Methods, devices and systems for allocating spectrum in a wireless local area network. A bit representation of the availability or unavailability of a plurality of sub-bands of a portion of frequency spectrum is generated and included in a physical layer protocol data unit, which is transmitted to a target station to allocate resource units within the portion of frequency spectrum for use by the target station. The sub-bands may be 20 MHz spectrum sub-bands for large-size resource units, or the portion of frequency spectrum may be a single 20 MHz band sub-divided into multiple sub-bands for allocating small-size resource units. A station that receives the data unit may decode the bit representation and use the allocated resource units to communicate over the wireless local area network.

Abstract: A method of auto-detection of WLAN packets includes selecting a first Golay sequence from a first pair of Golay complementary sequences associated with first packet type, each Golay sequence of the first pair of Golay complementary sequences being zero correlation zone (ZCZ) sequences with each Golay sequence of a second pair of Golay complementary sequences associated with a second packet type, and transmitting a wireless packet carrying a short training field (STF) that includes one or more instances of the first Golay sequence.

Abstract: A computing device functions as a member of a distributed database system implemented using a wireless network. A member version of a chain graph is stored at the computing device. The chain graph includes events created by the computing device and events received through the wireless network from other computing devices that are members of the distributed database system. The computing device determines if it is a member of a voting committee that comprises only a subset of the computing devices that are members of the distributed database system. When the computing device is a member of a voting committee, it participates in a distributed consensus algorithm with other members of the voting committee using the wireless network to define an order of the events in the chain graph and stores that order as a new event in the member version of the chain graph.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides for methods, systems and apparatus related to WLAN enhanced channel map advertisements. An aspect of the disclosure provides for a method for discovering a network. The method includes sending a discovery request to an access point for discovering a network, the discovery request requesting for: available channels of access points within a radio range of the device, one or more access network operators for the available channels, and one or more service providers for the available channels. The method further includes receiving from the access point a response message including one or more lists indicative of: the available channels, the one or more access network operators, and the one or more service providers. In some embodiments, the response message is based on one of: internal data of the access point, and databases indicative access network operators and service providers.

Abstract: A method for performing a central coordination function includes that when a first central coordinator node cannot perform a central coordination function, a candidate central coordinator node may send, to another node, a first change request message used to request to change a node parameter, and receive a change request response message of the first change request message sent by the another node.

Abstract: A method of changing a MAC address of a WLAN affiliated STA of a multi-link device (MLD) and related system, device and non-transitory machine-readable storage medium. A new MAC address is generated for an affiliated non-AP STA of a non-AP MLD. A request to change the MAC address of the affiliated non-AP STA to the new MAC address is sent from the non-AP MLD to an AP MLD. An acknowledgement that the new MAC address for the affiliated non-AP STA of the non-AP MLD has been successfully applied by the AP MLD is received by the non-AP MLD from the AP MLD. The MAC address for the affiliated non-AP STA of the non-AP MLD is changed to the new MAC address in response to the acknowledgment.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an array substrate and a display panel including the same. The array substrate includes a plurality of pixel units. Each of the pixel units includes a main pixel electrode, a sub-pixel electrode, a first thin film transistor (TFT) electrically connected to the sub-pixel electrode, a second TFT electrically connected to the first TFT, and a third TFT electrically connected to the main pixel electrode. The first TFT includes a first channel and a first semiconductor layer. The first channel includes two or more subchannels. The first semiconductor layer includes two or more semiconductor sublayers. Each of the semiconductor sublayers is disposed in a corresponding subchannel.