Abstract: A property power system can include multiple photovoltaic (PV) panels to generate DC electrical energy from solar energy and a first power conversion module to convert between DC and AC electrical energy and to control aspects of each PV panel. The property power system can have a group of battery blades to store electrical energy and another power conversion module to convert between DC and AC electrical energy and to control aspects of each battery blade. The property power system can have a multiple synchronization interfaces configured to aggregate the AC electrical energy of each of the PV panels/battery blades, respectively, and to control delivery of the aggregated AC electrical energy. The property power system can include a grid circuit disconnector to prevent back-feed of power during grid outage condition while the PV panels or the group of battery blades is powering an electrical load center of the property.

Abstract: A property power system can include multiple photovoltaic (PV) panels to generate DC electrical energy from solar energy and a first power conversion module to convert between DC and AC electrical energy and to control aspects of each PV panel. The property power system can have a group of battery blades to store electrical energy and another power conversion module to convert between DC and AC electrical energy and to control aspects of each battery blade. The property power system can have a multiple synchronization interfaces configured to aggregate the AC electrical energy of each of the PV panels/battery blades, respectively, and to control delivery of the aggregated AC electrical energy. The property power system can include a grid circuit disconnector to prevent back-feed of power during grid outage condition while the PV panels or the group of battery blades is powering an electrical load center of the property.

Abstract: A property power system can include multiple photovoltaic (PV) panels to generate DC electrical energy from solar energy and a first power conversion module to convert between DC and AC electrical energy and to control aspects of each PV panel. The property power system can have a group of battery blades to store electrical energy and another power conversion module to convert between DC and AC electrical energy and to control aspects of each battery blade. The property power system can have a multiple synchronization interfaces configured to aggregate the AC electrical energy of each of the PV panels/battery blades, respectively, and to control delivery of the aggregated AC electrical energy. The property power system can include a grid circuit disconnector to prevent back-feed of power during grid outage condition while the PV panels or the group of battery blades is powering an electrical load center of the property.

Abstract: A circuit for a smart photovoltaic (PV) inverter system and the smart PV inverter system are described. The circuit includes one or more strings coupled to an electrical load. Each of the one or more strings further includes one or more string members coupled in series, where each of the one or more string members comprises a voltage source and an inverter. The circuit also includes a controller to receive an output from an operator controller and control the strings, where the controller is configured to control the strings by providing a function command to a first string member of each of the one or more strings based on the output from the operator controller. The voltage source may also receive an output from an energy output device. Further, the inverter may be configured to convert the output of energy output device into an energy source of electrical load.

Abstract: A property power system can include multiple photovoltaic (PV) panels to generate DC electrical energy from solar energy and a first power conversion module to convert between DC and AC electrical energy and to control aspects of each PV panel. The property power system can have a group of battery blades to store electrical energy and another power conversion module to convert between DC and AC electrical energy and to control aspects of each battery blade. The property power system can have a multiple synchronization interfaces configured to aggregate the AC electrical energy of each of the PV panels/battery blades, respectively, and to control delivery of the aggregated AC electrical energy. The property power system can include a grid circuit disconnector to prevent back-feed of power during grid outage condition while the PV panels or the group of battery blades is powering an electrical load center of the property.

Abstract: Various examples are directed to electrical converters and systems for operating the same. An electrical converter may comprise a first converter module configured to receive a first direct current (DC) input and provide a first output. The first converter module may comprise a first switch modulated according to a first switch control signal. A second converter module may be configured to receive a second DC input and provide a second output. The second converter module may be connected in series with the first converter module. The second converter module may comprise a second switch modulated according to a second switch control signal. A phase of the first switch control signal may be offset from a phase of the second switch control signal by a first phase offset.

Abstract: A circuit for a smart photovoltaic (PV) inverter system and the smart PV inverter system are described. The circuit includes one or more strings coupled to an electrical load. Each of the one or more strings further includes one or more string members coupled in series, where each of the one or more string members comprises a voltage source and an inverter. The circuit also includes a controller to receive an output from an operator controller and control the strings, where the controller is configured to control the strings by providing a function command to a first string member of each of the one or more strings based on the output from the operator controller. The voltage source may also receive an output from an energy output device. Further, the inverter may be configured to convert the output of energy output device into an energy source of electrical load.

Abstract: A method for detecting and preventing islanding includes issuing a command to an inverter connected to a power source, where the inverter is coupled to a power grid and supplies power to the power grid, the command causes a frequency of a waveform output by the inverter to vary, and the frequency of the waveform output by the inverter is a command frequency, determining that a amount of change of the command frequency is a constant value for a predetermined amount of time, removing the power supplied by the inverter from the power grid, and determining whether the power grid is valid.

Abstract: Various examples are directed to systems and methods for detecting an islanding condition at an inverter configured to couple a distributed generation system to an electrical grid network. A controller may determine a command frequency and a command frequency variation. The controller may determine that the command frequency variation indicates a potential islanding condition and send to the inverter an instruction to disconnect the distributed generation system from the electrical grid network. When the distributed generation system is disconnected from the electrical grid network, the controller may determine whether the grid network is valid.

Abstract: Various examples are directed to electrical converters and systems for operating the same. An electrical converter may comprise a first converter module configured to receive a first direct current (DC) input and provide a first output. The first converter module may comprise a first switch modulated according to a first switch control signal. A second converter module may be configured to receive a second DC input and provide a second output. The second converter module may be connected in series with the first converter module. The second converter module may comprise a second switch modulated according to a second switch control signal. A phase of the first switch control signal may be offset from a phase of the second switch control signal by a first phase offset.

Abstract: Systems, apparatuses, and methods for dispatching maximum available capacity for photovoltaic (PV) power plants are described. For an embodiment, a PV panel assembly comprises a first PV panel configured to generate direct current (DC) power and an inverter molecule coupled to the first PV panel. The inverter molecule is configured to convert the DC power generated by the first PV panel into alternating current (AC) power. Moreover, the inverter molecule includes a monitoring device configured to monitor a condition of the first PV panel. The monitored condition of the first PV panel is converted into electronic data for generating or creating a first adaptive PV panel model for the first PV panel. Information derived from the first adaptive PV panel model can be communicated to a third party, such as an electric utility company or an Independent System Operator (ISO).

Abstract: A dispatchable photovoltaic (PV) panel product that includes multiple types of voltage sources is described. The product can include a PV panel that includes PV cells, a battery, and a panel level panel mounted inverter coupled to the PV panel and the battery. Each of the battery and the PV panel are to generate direct current (DC) power. The panel level inverter is to convert the DC power into alternating current (AC) power and discharge the AC power to an electrical load. The panel level inverter can include a voltage source interface converter (VSIC) for charging or discharging the battery using a charge/discharge profile for the battery. The panel level inverter can also include a voltage source monitoring/protection system to (i) protect the battery from damage; and (ii) monitor at least one of a condition of the battery or a condition of the PV panel.

Abstract: A circuit for an energy collection system is provided that includes one or more strings that are configured to couple to an electrical load. Each of the one or more strings comprises one or more string members that are coupled to each other in series. Each of the one or more string members comprises (i) a connection to receive an output from an energy output device, and (ii) an inverter configured to convert the output of the energy output device into alternating current (AC) energy. The circuit includes a controller that controls the output that is provided by the one or more strings by controlling the individual string member.

Abstract: Various examples are directed to systems and methods for detecting an islanding condition at an inverter configured to couple a distributed generation system to an electrical grid network. A controller may determine a command frequency and a command frequency variation. The controller may determine that the command frequency variation indicates a potential islanding condition and send to the inverter an instruction to disconnect the distributed generation system from the electrical grid network. When the distributed generation system is disconnected from the electrical grid network, the controller may determine whether the grid network is valid.

Abstract: A method for detecting and preventing islanding includes issuing a command to an inverter connected to a power source, where the inverter is coupled to a power grid and supplies power to the power grid, the command causes a frequency of a waveform output by the inverter to vary, and the frequency of the waveform output by the inverter is a command frequency, determining that a amount of change of the command frequency is a constant value for a predetermined amount of time, removing the power supplied by the inverter from the power grid, and determining whether the power grid is valid.

Abstract: A system and method for scalable configuration of intelligent energy storage packs are disclosed. According to one embodiment, a method comprises providing a first current measurement of a first energy storage cell electrically connected to a first converter circuit, and the first converter circuit controls the charge and discharge of the first energy storage cell. A first voltage measurement of the first energy storage cell is provided. First control signals are received and the first control signals are determined according to a load policy. The first converter circuit transforms a first voltage from the first energy storage cell to a desired first bus contribution voltage according to the first control signals.

Abstract: A circuit for an energy collection system is provided that includes one or more strings that are configured to couple to an electrical load. Each of the one or more strings comprises one or more string members that are coupled to each other in series. Each of the one or more string members comprises (i) a connection to receive an output from an energy output device, and (ii) an inverter configured to convert the output of the energy output device into alternating current (AC) energy. The circuit includes a controller that controls the output that is provided by the one or more strings by controlling the individual string member.

Abstract: A system and method for scalable configuration of intelligent energy storage packs are disclosed. According to one embodiment, a method comprises providing a first current measurement of a first energy storage cell electrically connected to a first converter circuit, and the first converter circuit controls the charge and discharge of the first energy storage cell. A first voltage measurement of the first energy storage cell is provided. First control signals are received and the first control signals are determined according to a load policy. The first converter circuit transforms a first voltage from the first energy storage cell to a desired first bus contribution voltage according to the first control signals.

Abstract: A bi-directional power converter apparatus and method of conversion is disclosed which comprises three active elements (output, primary, and auxiliary switches) and two passive components (primary and auxiliary energy storage elements) coupled so as to enable operation in any one of several different power conversion modes, including: a Non-Assisted Generation mode, a Super-Assisted Generation mode, a Super-Assisted Regeneration mode, an Auxiliary Generation mode, and an Output Regeneration mode. The individual components operate in a synergistic fashion to enable the free, bi-directional, transfer of power from primary and auxiliary energy sources to a load, and from the load to the primary and auxiliary energy sources. Further, the invention operates in such a way as to dramatically reduce the effective boost/buck ratios required for low voltage energy sources connected to a high voltage output power bus.

Abstract: A variable speed, constant frequency (VSCF) system utilizes a doubly-fed machine (DFM) to maximize the output power of the system. The system includes a power converter that provides a frequency signal and a current signal to the DFM. The power converter is controlled by an adaptive controller. The controller signals the converter to vary its frequency signal and thereby the rotor speed of the DFM until a maximum power output is sensed. The controller also signals the converter to vary its current signal and thereby the portions of power carried by the respective windings until a maximum power output is sensed. The control can be augmented to not only maximize power and efficiency, but also provide for harmonic and reactive power compensation.