Abstract: Use of a sensor in the electro-chemical determination of silicon dissolved in a molten metal, said sensor comprising a layer of a solid electrolyte capable of conducting oxygen ions, a reference electrode in contact with one surface of said layer of the solid electrolyte for providing a constant oxygen potential at a particular temperature of measurement, and an auxiliary electrode comprising SiO.sub.2 disposed in the immediate vicinity of the other surface of said layer of the solid electrolyte.

Abstract: Use of a sensor in the electro-chemical determination of silicon dissolved in a molten metal, said sensor comprising a layer of a solid electrolyte capable of conducting oxygen ions, a reference electrode in contact with one surface of said layer of the solid electrolyte for providing a constant oxygen potential at a particular temperature of measurement, and an auxiliary electrode comprising SiO.sub.2 disposed in the immediate vicinity of the other surface of said layer of the solid electrolyte.

Abstract: A corrosion resistant alloy comprising in % by weight up to 0.05% of C, 10.00 to 18.00% of Cr, up to 1.00% of Si, up to 1.00% of Mn, more than 0.040% but not more than 0.150% of P, up to 0.050% of S, up to 0.60% of Ni and 0.005 to 0.50% of sol.Al, the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities. The alloy has an enhanced pickling performance of the hot rolled material and an improved workability of the cold rolled material.

Abstract: A process for the production of a strip of a corrosion resistant alloy steel having excellent workability, which process comprises subjecting a cold rolled strip of a steel containing in % by weight as essential components up to 0.05% of C, 10.00 to 18.00% of Cr, 0.005 to 0.50% of sol. Al and more than 0.040% but not more than 0.150% of P to a final annealing, said final annealing being carried out by heating the cold rolled strip in a box annealing furnace to an annealing temperature within the range between 650.degree. C. and 900.degree. C., and maintaining the strip in the furnace at the annealing temperature, the rate of heating at which the strip is heated from 300.degree. C. to the annealing temperature being not faster than 300.degree. C./hr.

Abstract: A corrosion resistant alloy comprising in % by weight up to 0.05% of C, 10.00 to 18.00% of Cr, up to 1.00% of Si, up to 1.00% of Mn, more than 0.040% but not more than 0.150% of P, up to 0.050% of S, up to 0.60% of Ni and 0.005 to 0.50% of sol.Al, the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities. The alloy has an enhanced pickling performance of the hot rolled material and an improved workability of the cold rolled material.

Abstract: A process for producing a low P chromium-containing steel in an AOD vessel from a high P chromium-containing molten pig iron comprising a first stage of recarborization, desiliconzation and temperature raising, a second stage of dephosphorization with slag, which may be repeated, and a third stage of conventional refining.

Abstract: A process for annealing steel strip comprising dipping the strip in a molten glass bath maintained 950.degree. C. or higher to anneal it, taking the strip out of the bath to form coagulated glass coatings on the surfaces of the strip and cooling the strip to destroy and peel off the coatings. The bath comprises 38.0 to 62.0% of B.sub.2 O.sub.3, 18.0 to 32.0% of SiO.sub.2, 18.0 to 32.0% of Na.sub.2 O partly replaceable with K.sub.2 O, up to 10.0% of CaO partly replaceable with MgO, BaO, ZnO and/or SrO, up to 6.0% of Li.sub.2 O, up to 10.0% of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and 0.5 to 4.0% of NaF, and has a viscosity not exceeding 200 poises as measured at 950.degree. C. The strip is preferably not exposed to air while above 400.degree. C.

Abstract: A process for dephosphorization, desulfurization and denitrification of chromium-containing pig iron comprising contacting the melt of said iron with a slag comprising not less than 10% and less than 40% of CaO, not less than 5% and not more than 40% of iron oxides and more than 40% and not more than 80% of CaF.sub.2 in which the content of SiO.sub.2 as an impurity is not more than 10% and that the ratio %CaO/%SiO.sub.2 is not less than 3 is disclosed. According to this process, oxidation dephosphorization of chromium-containing pig iron is effectively and economically achieved. Simultaneously desulfurization and denitrification thereof are effected, too.

Abstract: A process for dephosphorization-denitrification of Cr-containing pig iron by oxidizing refining is disclosed. Said process comprises maintaining the C concentration of the molten metal at not less than 2%, contacting it with a slag comprising at least one of fluorides and chlorides of alkaline earth metals, at least one of oxides, hydroxides and carbonate of alkali metals, at least one of oxides of iron and nickel, while controlling oxidation of Cr.

Abstract: A process for dephosphorization-denitrification of Cr-containing pig iron by oxidizing refining is disclosed. Said process comprises maintaining the Si content of the molten iron at not more than 0.2%, contacting it with a slag comprising at least one of fluorides and chlorides of alkaline earth metals, at least one of lithium oxide and carbonate, and at least one of oxides of iron and nickel, while controlling oxidation of Cr.

Abstract: A process for producing an ultra-low carbon stainless steel, which comprises preparing a molten metal of low carbon stainless steel by means of top-blowing of oxygen onto the surface of said molten metal contained in a vessel under reduced pressure, and while maintaining said molten metal under reduced pressure, blowing a mixed gas of an oxidizing gas and an inert gas into the low carbon stainless steel molten metal through a lance immersed in the melt.