Abstract: One end portion of a resin tube kept in a diameter expanded state by a plurality of diameter expanding claws is disengaged from the diameter expanding claws and is shifted onto an outer peripheral surface of a die by applying a pressing force toward the other end portion of the resin tube to an end surface of the one end portion of the resin tube.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a control portion configured to output, in a test mode, a recording member which has passed through a fixing nip portion in a case of a first temperature difference in which a center part temperature of a first rotary member is higher than an end part temperature of the first rotary member and a recording member which has passed through the fixing nip portion in a case of a second temperature difference in which the center part temperature is lower than the end part temperature by one operation of starting test mode to the input portion.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a control portion configured to output, in a test mode, a recording member which has passed through a fixing nip portion in a case of a first temperature difference in which a center part temperature of a first rotary member is higher than an end part temperature of the first rotary member and a recording member which has passed through the fixing nip portion in a case of a second temperature difference in which the center part temperature is lower than the end part temperature by one operation of starting test mode to the input portion.

Abstract: A pair of rotary members nips and conveys a recording material and a heating element heats a toner image on the recording material via the pair of rotary members. A separating mechanism separates the pair of rotary members. A heating time recording portion records a cumulative length of a period during which the pair of rotary members in an abutted state is heated as a first heating time and a cumulative length of the period during which the pair of rotary members in a separated state is heated as a second heating time. A determining portion determines a remaining lifetime of the pair of rotary members using the first and second heating times and data indicating a relationship between length of the period during which the pair of rotary members is heated and decrease in lifetime of the pair of rotary members.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a rotary member, a web, a moving unit, a detecting unit configured to detect a predetermined position, and a control portion. The control portion informs, in a case where an actual moving amount per one winding operation is a first moving amount, the replacement of the web, if a number of sheets of recording materials on which images have been formed after the predetermined position is detected reaches a first number of sheets. The control portion informs, in a case where the actual moving amount per one winding operation is a second moving amount which is greater than the first moving amount, the replacement of the web, if a number of sheets of recording materials on which images have been formed after the predetermined position is detected reaches a second number of sheets which is less than the first number of sheets.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a rotary member, a web, a moving unit, a detecting unit configured to detect a predetermined position, and a control portion. The control portion informs, in a case where an actual moving amount per one winding operation is a first moving amount, the replacement of the web, if a number of sheets of recording materials on which images have been formed after the predetermined position is detected reaches a first number of sheets. The control portion informs, in a case where the actual moving amount per one winding operation is a second moving amount which is greater than the first moving amount, the replacement of the web, if a number of sheets of recording materials on which images have been formed after the predetermined position is detected reaches a second number of sheets which is less than the first number of sheets.

Abstract: A pair of rotary members nips and conveys a recording material and a heating element heats a toner image on the recording material via the pair of rotary members. A separating mechanism separates the pair of rotary members. A heating time recording portion records a cumulative length of a period during which the pair of rotary members in an abutted state is heated as a first heating time and a cumulative length of the period during which the pair of rotary members in a separated state is heated as a second heating time. A determining portion determines a remaining lifetime of the pair of rotary members using the first and second heating times and data indicating a relationship between length of the period during which the pair of rotary members is heated and decrease in lifetime of the pair of rotary members.

Abstract: Provided is an electrophotographic rotatable pressing member having further durability. The electrophotographic rotatable pressing member includes: a substrate; and an elastic layer formed on the substrate, the elastic layer containing a silicone rubber and a needle-shaped filler dispersed in the silicone rubber and having hollow parts, wherein, when cutting the elastic layer along a cross section including a center axis of the substrate in a longitudinal direction of the electrophotographic rotatable pressing member, and a total of each sectional area of the hollow parts in a unit area A2 of a cross-sectional surface is defined as A1, a standard deviation of an area ratio A1/A2 is 0.08 or less.

Abstract: Provided is an electrophotographic rotatable pressing member having further durability. The electrophotographic rotatable pressing member includes: a substrate; and an elastic layer formed on the substrate, the elastic layer containing a silicone rubber and a needle-shaped filler dispersed in the silicone rubber and having hollow parts, wherein, when cutting the elastic layer along a cross section including a center axis of the substrate in a longitudinal direction of the electrophotographic rotatable pressing member, and a total of each sectional area of the hollow parts in a unit area A2 of a cross-sectional surface is defined as A1, a standard deviation of an area ratio A1/A2 is 0.08 or less.

Abstract: Provided is an electrophotographic rotatable pressing member having further durability. The electrophotographic rotatable pressing member includes: a substrate; and an elastic layer formed on the substrate, the elastic layer containing a silicone rubber and a needle-shaped filler dispersed in the silicone rubber and having hollow parts, wherein, when cutting the elastic layer along a cross section including a center axis of the substrate in a longitudinal direction of the electrophotographic rotatable pressing member, and a total of each sectional area of the hollow parts in a unit area A2 of a cross-sectional surface is defined as A1, a standard deviation of an area ratio A1/A2 is 0.08 or less.

Abstract: Provided is an electrophotographic member capable of reducing a rise time of a fixing apparatus and preventing occurrence of a defective image due to an electrostatic offset. The electrophotographic member has a substrate, an elastic layer, and a surface layer containing a fluororesin, in this order, the elastic layer has a communication hole of which pores are communicated with each other, and an ionic conductive agent is adhered to an inner wall of the communication hole.

Abstract: One end portion of a resin tube kept in a diameter expanded state by a plurality of diameter expanding claws is disengaged from the diameter expanding claws and is shifted onto an outer peripheral surface of a die by applying a pressing force toward the other end portion of the resin tube to an end surface of the one end portion of the resin tube.

Abstract: One end portion of a resin tube kept in a diameter expanded state by a plurality of diameter expanding claws is disengaged from the diameter expanding claws and is shifted onto an outer peripheral surface of a die by applying a pressing force toward the other end portion of the resin tube to an end surface of the one end portion of the resin tube.

Abstract: Provided is an electrophotographic rotatable pressing member having further durability. The electrophotographic rotatable pressing member includes: a substrate; and an elastic layer formed on the substrate, the elastic layer containing a silicone rubber and a needle-shaped filler dispersed in the silicone rubber and having hollow parts, wherein, when cutting the elastic layer along a cross section including a center axis of the substrate in a longitudinal direction of the electrophotographic rotatable pressing member, and a total of each sectional area of the hollow parts in a unit area A2 of a cross-sectional surface is defined as A1, a standard deviation of an area ratio A1/A2 is 0.08 or less.

Abstract: Provided is an electrophotographic member capable of reducing a rise time of a fixing apparatus and preventing occurrence of a defective image due to an electrostatic offset. The electrophotographic member has a substrate, an elastic layer, and a surface layer containing a fluororesin, in this order, the elastic layer has a communication hole of which pores are communicated with each other, and an ionic conductive agent is adhered to an inner wall of the communication hole.

Abstract: A manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing a fixing member includes: a metal mold capable of holding a base material of the fixing member in an inside thereof; and an injecting member including a group of openings configured to inject a liquid rubber containing a needle-like filler into the metal mold in which the base material is held. The injecting member is configured so that a ratio of a total perimeter of the group of openings to a sum of a perimeter of an inner surface of the metal mold and an outer surface of the base material is 1.3 or more and 3.3 or less.

Abstract: One end portion of a resin tube kept in a diameter expanded state by a plurality of diameter expanding claws is disengaged from the diameter expanding claws and is shifted onto an outer peripheral surface of a die by applying a pressing force toward the other end portion of the resin tube to an end surface of the one end portion of the resin tube.

Abstract: An elastic layer includes a needle-shaped filler and a void and has a porosity of 20 vol % or more and 60 vol % or less. The elastic layer contains a first area and a second area. The first area extends from a surface of the elastic layer opposite to a surface facing the mandrel toward the mandrel and has a thickness of 30% of the thickness of the elastic layer. The second area is a central area in a thickness direction of the elastic layer and has a thickness of 40% of the thickness of the elastic layer. The needle-shaped filler in the second area has an orientation degree of 50% or lower. The needle-shaped filler in the first area has an orientation degree higher than that of the needle-shaped filler in the second area.

Abstract: A heater includes a substrate, a first electrical contact, second electrical contacts, first electrode portions and second electrode portions, heat generating portions, a first electroconductive line portion, and a second electroconductive line portion. The heat generating portions are disposed so as to be offset from a center line of the substrate with respect to a widthwise direction of the substrate.

Abstract: A heater includes a substrate, a first electrical contact, a plurality of second electrical contacts, a plurality of electrode portions including first electrode portions electrically connected with the first electrical contact and second electrode portions electrically connected with the second electrical contacts, the first electrode portions and the second electrode portions being arranged alternately with predetermined gaps in a longitudinal direction of the substrate, and a plurality of heat generating portions provided between adjacent ones of the electrode portions so as to electrically connect between adjacent electrode portion. The heat generating portions are capable of generating heat by the electric power supply between adjacent electrode portions. A part of the second electrical contacts is selectably electrically connectable with the second terminal. The electrode portions are covered with the heat generating portions so as to be positioned between the substrate and the heat generating portions.