Abstract: A nucleotide chain to be modified, a nucleotide having a particular base that is different from bases constituting the nucleotide chain, an enzyme catalyzing addition of the nucleotide to the 3?-terminus of the nucleotide chain, a degrading enzyme acting specifically on the nucleotide, and a desired modifier for modifying the nucleotide chain are allowed to coexist in a buffer solution as a mixture solution such that: the nucleotide is added to the 3?-terminus of the nucleotide chain; the sequence of the added nucleotide is degraded to form, at the 3?-terminus of the nucleotide chain, a functional group capable of binding to the modifier; and the 3?-terminus of the nucleotide chain having the functional group thus formed is directly modified with the modifier. The reactions at three stages continuously proceed in the mixture solution. As a result, simplified procedures and reduced reaction time can be achieved.

Abstract: There is provided a biomolecule-immobilized plate having a flat part, at least a surface of the flat part comprising a polymer material, wherein the flat part has an arithmetic average roughness of 0.1 nm˜5 nm, and a portion of the flat part has functional groups. Further, the biomolecule-immobilized plate is fabricated by irradiating the flat part of the plate surface which comprises the polymer material, with an ultraviolet ray under ozone atmosphere to produce functional groups having bonding ability to the biomolecules on a portion of the flat part. Thereby, it is possible to provide a biomolecule-immobilized plate having a surface of a high degree of smoothness on which functional groups are produced, a biomolecule-immobilized plate on which biomolecules are immobilized via functional groups, and methods for fabricating these biomolecule-immobilized plates easily and inexpensively.

Abstract: A method for modifying a nucleotide chain, which includes: allowing a catabolic enzyme specific to a nucleotide sequence containing a specific base such as hypoxanthine (Hx) to act on a nucleotide chain (I) to be modified having the above described nucleotide sequence containing a specific base on the 3?-terminal side thereof; and forming a functional group (for example, an aldehyde group) capable of binding to a desired modifier (for example, NH2R having an amino group) on the 3?-terminus of the nucleotide chain (I); so as to bind the above described modifier to the 3?-terminus of the nucleotide chain. Using a nucleotide chain as a modification target which has a nucleotide sequence containing a specific base acting as an enzyme substrate on its 3?-terminal side, this method enables decomposition of only the above described nucleotide sequence portion, thereby forming a functional group that reacts with a desired modifier and binds thereto.

Abstract: A nucleotide chain to be modified, a nucleotide having a particular base that is different from bases constituting the nucleotide chain, an enzyme catalyzing addition of the nucleotide to the 3?-terminus of the nucleotide chain, a degrading enzyme acting specifically on the nucleotide, and a desired modifier for modifying the nucleotide chain are allowed to coexist in a buffer solution as a mixture solution such that: the nucleotide is added to the 3?-terminus of the nucleotide chain; the sequence of the added nucleotide is degraded to form, at the 3?-terminus of the nucleotide chain, a functional group capable of binding to the modifier; and the 3?-terminus of the nucleotide chain having the functional group thus formed is directly modified with the modifier. The reactions at three stages continuously proceed in the mixture solution. As a result, simplified procedures and reduced reaction time can be achieved.

Abstract: There is provided a biomolecule-immobilized plate having a flat part, at least a surface of the flat part comprising a polymer material, wherein the flat part has an arithmetic average roughness of 0.1 nm˜5 nm, and a portion of the flat part has functional groups. Further, the biomolecule-immobilized plate is fabricated by irradiating the flat part of the plate surface which comprises the polymer material, with an ultraviolet ray under ozone atmosphere to produce functional groups having bonding ability to the biomolecules on a portion of the flat part. Thereby, it is possible to provide a biomolecule-immobilized plate having a surface of a high degree of smoothness on which functional groups are produced, a biomolecule-immobilized plate on which biomolecules are immobilized via functional groups, and methods for fabricating these biomolecule-immobilized plates easily and inexpensively.

Abstract: There is provided a biomolecule-immobilized plate having a flat part, at least a surface of the flat part comprising a polymer material, wherein the flat part has an arithmetic average roughness of 0.1 nm˜5 nm, and a portion of the flat part has functional groups. Further, the biomolecule-immobilized plate is fabricated by irradiating the flat part of the plate surface which comprises the polymer material, with an ultraviolet ray under ozone atmosphere to produce functional groups having bonding ability to the biomolecules on a portion of the flat part. Thereby, it is possible to provide a biomolecule-immobilized plate having a surface of a high degree of smoothness on which functional groups are produced, a biomolecule-immobilized plate on which biomolecules are immobilized via functional groups, and methods for fabricating these biomolecule-immobilized plates easily and inexpensively.

Abstract: A method for modifying a nucleotide chain, which includes: allowing a catabolic enzyme specific to a nucleotide sequence containing a specific base such as hypoxanthine (Hx) to act on a nucleotide chain (I) to be modified having the above described nucleotide sequence containing a specific base on the 3?-terminal side thereof; and forming a functional group (for example, analdehyde group) capable of binding to a desired modifier (for example, NH2R having an amino group) on the 3?-terminus of the nucleotide chain (I); so as to bind the above described modifier to the 3?-terminus of the nucleotide chain. Using a nucleotide chain as a modification target which has a nucleotide sequence containing a specific base acting as an enzyme substrate on its 3?-terminal side, this method enables decomposition of only the above described nucleotide sequence portion, thereby forming a functional group that reacts with a desired modifier and binds thereto.

Abstract: A biosensor includes: an insulating substrate; an electrode system formed on the insulating substrate which has a working electrode and a counter electrode; and a reaction layer formed on the insulating substrate which contains an oxidoreductase and an electron acceptor. The electron acceptor is ferricinium ion derived from ferrocene electrolyte.

Abstract: A biosensor includes: an insulating substrate; an electrode system formed on the insulating substrate which has a working electrode and a counter electrode; and a reaction layer formed on the insulating substrate which contains an oxidoreductase and an electron acceptor. The electron acceptor is ferricinium ion derived from ferrocene electrolyte.

Abstract: A biosensor includes: an insulating substrate; an electrode system formed on the insulating substrate which has a working electrode and a counter electrode; and a reaction layer formed on the insulating substrate which contains an oxidoreductase and an electron acceptor. The electron acceptor is ferricinium ion derived from ferrocene electrolyte.