Abstract: An automatic emergency message display television receiver is provided that is capable of receiving an emergency message for presentation to a viewer, irrespectively of the type of a selected audiovisual signal source. An automatic emergency message display television receiver (EBa) automatically displays an emergency message (Sm) carried on a received broadcast wave on a screen that is displaying video reproduced from audiovisual signals supplied by different audiovisual signal sources. In the television receiver (EBa), an emergency message reproducing section (EMa) receives a broadcast wave (SW) to reproduce an emergency message (Sm, Svem).

Abstract: A membrane for microfiltration, ultrafiltration or dialysis comprises a methyl methacrylate copolymer containing about 0.5 to 10 mol % of a monomer having sulfonate groups, and a methyl methacrylate copolymer containing about 0.5 to 10 mol % of a monomer having quaternary nitrogen-containing groups. It is manufactured by mixing those copolymers, dissolving the mixture in a solvent such as dimethylsulfoxide or dimethylformamide, and forming a membrane from a solution of the copolymers by casting or spinning. The membrane is particularly suitable for use in the purification of blood, and its most preferable form is hollow fibers. A method of preparing hollow fibers comprises extruding the copolymer solution through a spinneret having an annular orifice defined by a thin central tube while a liquid or gas is being injected into the central tube, and coagulating the extrusion product.