Abstract: When a system starts, a fuel-air mixture (rich air-fuel ratio) of fuel and air supplied to a start-up combustor (20) is ignited by a glow plug (40), and high temperature gas containing fuel components for a reforming reaction are generated. The high temperature gas containing fuel components for the reforming reaction is supplied to a reformer (22).

Abstract: When a system starts, a fuel-air mixture (rich air-fuel ratio) of fuel and air supplied to a start-up combustor (20) is ignited by a glow plug (40), and high temperature gas containing fuel components for a reforming reaction are generated. The high temperature gas containing fuel components for the reforming reaction is supplied to a reformer (22).

Abstract: This device diagnoses whether or not a fuel pump which supplies fuel to an engine has failed. The pump includes a plurality of pressure chambers which in turn discharge fuel according to the rotation of an input shaft which turns together with the engine. The supply capacity of the fuel pump when one of the pressure chambers has failed so as not to be able to discharge fuel is set to a value lower than the maximum value of the fuel supply amount which is required by the engine. A mechanism is provided which decides whether or not the fuel supply requirement of the engine is being satisfied, and failure of the fuel pump is diagnosed based upon the result of this decision. Further, accurate diagnosis can be performed by detecting the power output of the engine for each cylinder individually, and by deciding upon fuel supply insufficiency for each cylinder individually according to variation of the output power for each cylinder individually.

Abstract: Fuel is pressurized by the expansion and contraction of a pump chamber defined inside a casing according to the rotation of a power input shaft which penetrates from the outside of the casing into its inside. A first seal member is provided between the casing and the power input shaft and prevents escape of fuel which is inside the casing, and a second seal member is provided in series therewith. Further, leakage of fuel to the outside of the casing from the second seal member is prevented by the provision of a drain conduit which drains fuel which has leaked into a space defined between the first seal member and the second seal member.

Abstract: A cam plate pump comprises a pressurizing chamber formed by a bellows which elongates and contracts along a center axis parallel to the input shaft of the pump. The cam plate rotates together with the input shaft, and compresses the bellows via a piston. A mechanism for guiding the piston along the center axis, and a mechanism for blocking the rotational torque acting on the bellows via the piston are provided. These mechanisms prevent a bending load or twisting load from acting on the bellows.

Abstract: A torque is transmitted between a fluid pressure pump driven together with drive of a vehicle, and a fluid pressure motor that rotates together with driven wheels. The fluid pressure motor has two ports, and rotates in accordance with the direction of fluid supply to the ports. Fluid is circulated from one port to the other according to the input of rotation torque from the driven wheels. A high pressure flowpath connected to the pump outlet, and a low pressure flowpath connected to the pump inlet, are connected to these ports, and the connection direction is reversed when the rotation direction of the drive wheels is reversed. The low pressure flowpath is therefore always at low pressure regardless of the rotation direction of the drive wheels, and by controlling the pump supply flowrate so as not to exceed a predetermined value, torque is not transmitted when the vehicle is running at high speed.

Abstract: A hydraulic pump is mounted to a cylinder block of an internal combustion engine and powered by said engine, and a hydraulic motor for operating an engine accessory, such as alternator, compressor of air conditioner and the like, is mounted to the cylinder block and driven by a highly pressurized oil fed by the hydraulic pump. The cylinder block is formed with an oil flow passage through which the highly pressurized oil is conveyed from the hydraulic pump to the hydraulic motor. An oil return passage is provided for returning the oil from the hydraulic motor to the hydraulic pump. If desired, the oil return passage may be defined in the cylinder block.

Abstract: A schedule which is logged in terms of engine speed and which is divided into a number of engine operational zones, is used to determine the amount of axial displacement should be induced in a cam shaft on which a specially shaped cam is mounted. The cam has a first section which configured to simultaneously induce a change in valve lift and the valve closure timing, and a second section which maintains the valve closure timing at essentially a fixed value and induces a further increase in valve lift.

Abstract: In a valve train for an I.C. engine, a cam shaft has cams formed with compound curvatures which allow the valve timing to be altered while the engine is operating, to suit the engine driving conditions by shifting the cam shaft along its axis. To reduce the force necessary to shift the cam shaft along its axis the valve closure springs are replaced by closure cams. In some embodiments pivoting arrangements comprising a pair of ball and socket joints are provided to eliminate lateral sway of the rocker arms allowing precise adjustment of the valve timing when the cam shaft is shifted along its axis. In other embodiments the rocker arms are journalled on a rocker shaft provided with stops for preventing lateral sway. In some embodiments the closure rocker arms have cupped ends in which either the valve stem retainer or the valve stem seal is received.

Abstract: A cylinder head of a DOHC internal combustion engine has intake and exhaust ports of a siamese shape. A pivot for a rocker arm of the end pivot type is installed in a pivot installation hole which is formed at a nearer point from each cylinder than the branched point of each of the intake and exhaust ports. With this arrangement, since the pivot installation hole can have a sufficient depth without deforming the shape of the intake port, each swinging end of the rocker arm for intake valves and that for the exhaust valves can be disposed opposite to each other. Therefore, the engine is improved with respect to its performances and size.

Abstract: The first of a pair scissor like rocker arms is pivotally mounted at one end either by way of an adjust screw or a hydraulic lash adjuster and arangement to engage the top of a valve stem at the other. A cam follower which is located between the first and second ends engages a lift cam. The second of the rocker arms is pivotally mounted on the first one and has a closure cam follower at one end and engages the lower face of a retainer which secured to the top of the valve stem by way of a ring type collet. The shaft on which the second rocker arm is pivotally mounted can be provided with eccentric portions which enable the second rocker arm valve clearances to be adjusted separately from the adjustment of the first rocker arm clearance. The arrangement can be adapted to lift and close two valves.

Abstract: A first rocker arm is used to induce valve lift while a second one used to move the valve back to closed position. The rocker arms are arranged to engage the valve top or retainer surfaces at locations offset from the axis of the valve and to induce the valve to rotate during the lift and closing operations. Springs, hydraulic lifters or double adjust screw type arrangements are used to control clearances.

Abstract: A valve operating system for an overhead camshaft type automotive internal combustion engine. The valve operating system is comprised of a swing arm swingable upon rotation of a camshaft located over the swing arm. The swinging motion of the swing arm causes the reciprocal motion of intake or exhaust valve which is connected to one end section of the swing arm. The other end section of the swing arm is pivotally supported by the plunger of a hydraulic lifter in such a manner that the swing arm end section is in fitting contact with the tip end section of the hydraulic lifter plunger. A clearance is formed between the swing arm end section and the plunger tip end section and filled with lubricating oil which is supplied through an oil supply passage formed in the plunger of the hydraulic lifter, thereby accomplishing sufficient and efficient lubrication at the contacting and sliding surface between the swing arm and the hydraulic lifter plunger.

Abstract: In order to prevent the electrodes of the spark plug from becoming wetted with droplets of liquid fuel during low temperature and/or idling operation of the engine in a manner which deteriorates engine stability, the branches of a bifurcate intake passage which cooperates with a dual inlet valve arrangement are arranged to guide the unvaporized liquid fuel into the combustion chamber in a manner which obivates contact with the plug. In some embodiments a passage which is adapted to produce a swirl in the combustion chamber is arranged so that the fuel which passes therethrough (usually in the form of a film on the walls of branches) and which has a relatively large inertia as compared with the gaseous charge, enters the combustion chamber with a velocity which carries it along a flight path non-intersective with the plug electrodes.

Abstract: In order to reduce the mass of a rocker arm and simultaneously simplify the adjustment of the valve clearances the rocker arm is pivotally mounted on a universal joint so that it may tilt and establish a three point contact between the universal joint and the tops of the two valve stems. By incorporating a hydraulic lifter in the universal joint arrangement constant lash free automatic zero clearance adjustment is rendered possible. Utilizing a roller as a cam follower permits a reduction in valve train friction loss. To prevent the rocker arm from meandering retaining flanges are provided on the rocker arm which envelope the tops of the valve stems.

Abstract: A two-fingered cam follower adapted to operate two valves in unison has sliding faces which are arranged in parallel with the plane in which the cam follower swings being driven by a cam. The cam follower is pivotally mounted on a hydraulic lash adjuster which is in turn mounted on a cylinder head. The cylinder head is provided with a pair of guide arms which are arranged so as to interpose therebetween the cam follower. The guide arms have on the inboard sides thereof guiding faces respectively matched with the sliding faces of the cam follower in such a manner that a clearance is provided between the matched sliding and guiding faces. By setting the clearance in such a manner as to satisfy a certain relation, the sliding and guiding faces can be held out of contact with each other during normal operating condition of the engine.

Abstract: Each cylinder of a multi-valve engine is provided with a bifurcate induction port which has a partition wall; a fuel injector which injects fuel toward the partition wall so that fuel is distributed into the two branches which lead to the inlet valves; and a flow control valve is disposed upstream of the partition wall and formed with one or more apertures which when the valve is closed, direct a flow or flows of air which pass close to the partition wall, entrain the injected fuel and induce a turbulent mixing action which forms an ignitable cloud of air-fuel mixture in close proximity to the spark plug.