Abstract: A light fastness and weather resistance testing apparatus which has a testing tank, a hollow shaft rotatably mounted in the center of the testing tank, a sample frame mounted on the hollow shaft and extending beyond one end of said hollow shaft, a motor connected to the shaft for rotating the shaft, a tube of electrically conductive metal extending through the hollow shaft and having one end at the space within the sample frame and a supply of cooling liquid connected to the other end of the tube for supplying a cooling liquid to the tube. A xenon lamp is in the space within the sample frame and has a cooling device mounted thereon constituted by a single wall cylindrical tube of an ultraviolet transmissive glass around the lamp and spaced therefrom, the low voltage end of the lamp being mounted on the one end of the metal tube and having the low voltage terminal thereof electrically connected to the metal tube, the other end of the glass tube having a drainage tube connected thereto.

Abstract: In a colorimeter including a light source, a first quantity of light is directed toward a color sample and from the color sample toward a single photoelectric receiving and measuring device which is capable of measuring amounts of primaries or tristimulus values in quantities of light. A first carriage has mounted thereon an X primary filter, a Y primary filter and a Z primary filter, and such first carriage is reciprocable so that a selected primary filter may be positioned in front of the single photoelectric device. Adjacent the light source is mounted a second carriage which supports thereon an X primary filter mirror, a Y primary filter mirror and a Z primary filter mirror. The second carriage is reciprocable to position adjacent the light source a selected primary filter mirror corresponding to that primary filter positioned adjacent the photoelectric device.

Abstract: An improved control system for controlling the position of an upper electrode in a carbon arc lamp. The system has a pulley with a line thereover, and a solenoid core is attached to one end of the line and is movable vertically in a solenoid coil connected in the circuit for supplying discharge current to the electrodes, and a control rod clutch is connected to the other end of the line which normally grasps and holds an electrode control rod on the lower end of which is mounted the upper electrode of the lamp. A balancing weight is provided on the core to balance the weight of the control rod clutch and electrode and a shield is provided around the solenoid coil to shield the arc between the electrodes from the magnetic field of the solenoid coil.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring reflectivity or transmissivity of a specimen has a source of light fixed to a base, a variable angle specimen frame receiving the light in a narrow beam and transmitting it or reflecting it, a light receiving unit movable around the specimen receiving frame for receiving the transmitted light or the reflected light through an optical template having groups of transverse opaque portions thereacross and movable transversely of the light coming therethrough. A recorder produces a curve of the intensity of light received by the light receiver from which the degree of transmissivity or reflectivity can be determined in comparison with a similar curve for a perfectly transmitting or reflecting specimen.

Abstract: A spray tower for use in spraying a liquid, particularly a corrosive liquid which is used to test the corrosion resistance of test samples, includes a vertically extending cylinder having an open upper end. Liquid is injected into a lower portion of the cylinder, and a gas is injected thereat to atomize the liquid and cause it to pass upwardly through the cylinder toward the open upper end thereof. The cylinder has extending therethrough, in at least one position intermediate the open upper end thereof in the atomizer, a plurality of ports. A deflector member is mounted above the open upper end of the cylinder for deflecting outwardly therefrom atomizing liquid which exits from the open upper end. A directing member is mounted within the cylinder adjacent the ports to direct a portion of the atomized liquid passing upwardly through the cylinder outwardly through the ports.

Abstract: An improved electrode operating mechanism for control of the discharge of carbon arc lamps for light fastness testing devices. Vertically spaced upper and lower electrode holders have a plurality of electrodes opposed to each other. Two vertical supports extend between upper and lower bases, the vertical supports each having a pair of spaced parallel guide rails extending therealong, each holder having laterally projecting arm members extending from the opposite ends thereof and between the rails. A cylindrical slide member is mounted on the end of each arm member and is slidably engaged in linear sliding contact with the surface of the parallel rails on the sides thereof away from the holders. First wires are attached to the cylindrical slide members on the lower electrode holders and extend upwardly through the upper base through axial bores in the upper cylindrical slide member, and two second wires attached to the upper holders extend upwardly through the upper base.

Abstract: A xenon lamp containing magnet adsorbers, each of the magnet adsorbers having pieces of magnetic material which are dispersed in a ring-shaped, heat-resisting, electric insulating plate and being mounted between the discharge portion of an electrode inside the tube of the xenon lamp and the sealed portion of the electrode at an end of the tube, whereby the metallic vapor and other volatilized matters resulting from the elevated temperature of the electrode during discharge are adsorbed by the adsorber due to the magnetic field of the latter and do not adhere to the inside of the tube to thereby prevent blackening, devitrification and white-turbidity of the tube.

Abstract: A xenon lamp containing open ring-shaped magnets mounted inside the tube of the lamp between the discharge portion of an electrode and the portion of the electrode sealed in the end of said tube, whereby the metallic vapor and other volatilized matters due to the elevated temperature of the electrode at the time of discharge are adhered on the magnet due to the magnetic field thereof and do not adhere to the inside of the tube to thereby prevent blackening, devitrification and white-turbidity of the tube.

Abstract: An electrically energized illuminating lamp having a bulb and a source of light within the bulb and emitting light through a portion of the bulb, and at least one magnet around the exterior wall of the bulb at a position other than the portion of the bulb through which light is emitted for attracting metal vapor and volatile matter generated inside the bulb during operation of the lamp and depositing them onto the interior wall of the bulb at a position corresponding to that of the magnet. Deposits are thus prevented on the interior wall of the bulb in light transmission areas thereof to reduce emission of light from the lamp. The lamp can be a mercury lamp or a filament type lamp such as an incandescent or halogen type lamp.

Abstract: A spray corrosion test apparatus comprising an open topped test tank and a lid to cover the top of said test tank, said test tank having provided around the top edge of the side wall thereof a groove between the inner and outer surfaces of the wall thereof, said groove being adapted to receive the edge of said lid, the portion of said side wall defining the outer surface of said groove being higher than the inner surface, said groove being filled with a flexible porous insert of a water absorbing material up to the level of said inner surface. When said insert is sufficiently wetted with water, the tank and lid form an improved seal and the environment within the tank is resistant to fluctuation thereby providing test data of excellent reproducibility.

Abstract: Improved contact means for use in a weather resistance and solar radiation tester having a specimen rotating frame having leads extending through the shaft and a meter for indicating the amount of light received by the light receiving element. The improved contact means is for electrically connecting the leads to the meter, and has a rotating shaft connected to the shaft for the specimen rotating frame, upper and lower cases surrounding the rotating shaft and in which the rotating shaft is rotatably journaled and defining two separate compartments spaced along the rotating shaft and sealed from each other, the cases being of electrically insulating material. A metal ring is fixed in the bottom of each case and a lead extends from each ring out through the respective case for connection to the meter. A plate spring in each compartment is fixed to the rotating shaft, and contact pieces on the ends of the plate spring in each compartment are held in sliding contact with the metal ring therein.

Abstract: A temperature compensating device for use in regulating the voltage to a lamp in a lightfastness tester. The device includes a plurality of aluminum-coated glass rods adjacent the lamp for transmitting the light produced by the lamp to a light-receiving element, such as a photoelectric cell. A heat-sensitive resistance is electrically connected to the light-receiving element and compensates for changes in temperature of the light-receiving element. An electric circuit is combined with the light-receiving element and the resistance to receive the temperature adjusted voltage from the light-receiving element and the resistance and to compare that voltage with a reference voltage. In turn, the voltage to the xenon lamp is adjusted based on the difference between the two compared voltages.

Abstract: An apparatus for continuous and sequential measurement of amounts of reflected, diffused and directly transmitted light transmitted through smoke. The apparatus has a smoke chamber having a smoke introduction port and a smoke discharge port, and further has an aperture in one wall thereof. A first light source is aligned with the aperture, and a first sector member having an aperture therein.A light receiving device is disposed on another wall of the smoke chamber opposite the aperture in the one wall, and a light measuring circuit is coupled to the light receiving device.A second light source in the smoke chamber is directed toward the aperture in the one wall to strike the first sector member at an angle to the surface thereof, and a second sector member is rotatably mounted in the smoke chamber for movement between the second light source and the aperture in the one wall and has an aperture therein for alignment with the second light source.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a mounting of carbon electrodes on a holder of an arc lamp used as a light source for a weatherometer or a lightfastness tester. In the holder, one end of the carbon electrodes and the holder are threadedly connected with each other.

Abstract: Upper and lower carbon electrodes for an ultraviolet arc lamp used for light-fastness testing. The upper electrode is in the shape of an elongated cylinder, the cross-section of which has an exterior annular portion consisting of a carbonaceous material and an interior core portion consisting of a mixture of a carbonaceous material and potassium sulfate. The upper electrode has dispersed therethrough potassium chloride as a stabilizing agent. The lower electrode is in the shape of an elongated cylindrical tube having a hollow interior and is of a carbonaceous material having a high electrical conductivity and has dispersed therethrough potassium chloride as a stabilizing agent. When the upper and lower electrodes are placed with their ends opposed to each other and an alternating current at 135V and 16A is discharged thereacross, a stable light is continuously produced.

Abstract: A carbon arc lamp for use in a light fastness tester and other similar testers, and having a metal rod extending from a carbon electrode mounting part in the upper part of the lamp down to a point just below an upper metal plate. A portion of the rod is engaged by a ring clutch which is connected to an automatic feed control for the carbon electrode. The lower end of the metal rod has the upper end of the carbon electrode mounted thereon by a threaded connection.

Abstract: A carbon electrode for a carbon arc lamp for emitting light similar to sunshine for use as a light source in light-fastness and weathering tests. The carbon electrode is composed of carbon which is homogeneously mixed with an amount of an incandescent material in a proportion of 6 to 12 weight percent of the total weight of the carbon and incandescent material together, and then molded into the shape of the electrode. The surface of the carbon electrode, exclusive of the top thereof, is provided with a copper or other metal coating.

Abstract: A carbon electrode for use in an arc lamp used for determining light fastness which has a central core of light emitting material combined with stabilizers and graphite surrounded by a first coating of low resistance electrically conductive material, preferably copper or aluminum. The thus-coated core is further coated with a second coating of graphite and adhesive and inserted into a cylindrical carbon tube. The tube, except for the top and bottom portions is coated around the outside with a third protective coating, and the base and bottom portions of the tube are coated with a metallic coating electrically connected to the first coating of low resistance material spaced from the third coating. The third and fourth coatings may be joined together, provided that the resistance of these two coatings is greater than the resistance of the first coating.

Abstract: A device for measuring three stimulus values of the color of a liquid as a way of determining the color of the liquid. The device has an optical part having a source of light, an integrating ball having an inlet for light and three light receiving elements therein, and a light path switching device at the inlet. An immersible detector has a reflected light detector and a transmitted light detector as a part thereof, the reflected light detector having an opening therein and a flat transparent element covering the opening. The transmitted light detector is spaced from and aligned with the opening in the reflected light detector. A reflected light receiver in the reflected light detector is positioned to receive light reflected from the transparent element at an angle of 45.degree. thereto.

Abstract: A light intensity monitoring and adjusting apparatus for a light-fastness testing apparatus having a xenon lamp and a power source circuit for supplying power to the lamp. The monitoring and adjusting device has an optical fiber light guide having three bundles of optical fibers therein. One end is directed toward the xenon lamp for picking up the light emitted therefrom and the other end is connected to a light-receiving means including a plurality of three light-receiving elements, one for ultraviolet light, one for visible light, and one for infrared light. Each produces an electrical signal corresponding to the intensity of the light received. The apparatus has a source of reference voltage and a voltage comparator coupled to the source of reference voltage for comparing input voltages from the light-receiving elements with the reference voltage.