Abstract: An electrostatic input apparatus is provided. A measuring unit measures capacitance at a plurality of coordinates of an electrostatic coordinate input unit. A converting unit obtains a reference value of the capacitance and converts the capacitance to difference values according to a distance between the electrostatic coordinate input unit at the coordinates and a finger. A first coordinate calculating unit calculates barycentric coordinates of a contact portion from the difference values for the plurality of coordinates. A cycle determining unit determines whether the difference values at coordinates on a circumference of a circle with a predetermined radius centered on the barycentric coordinates exhibit periodicity of two cycles in one round along the circle. An operation determining unit performs, when the cycle determining unit determines that the difference values exhibit periodicity of two cycles, a determination that an input operation using two or more fingers has been performed.

Abstract: A bioinformation acquiring apparatus includes at least one processor and a memory configured to store a program to be executed in the processor.

Abstract: An antenna and a radome that covers the antenna are provided, the radome includes a first part, a second part, and a third part each with a surface which is flush to each other, the first part has a beam transmission characteristic corresponding to a scanning angle of 0 degrees of a beam emitted by the antenna with an emission direction directed toward the first part, the second part has a beam transmission characteristic corresponding to a first scanning angle of a beam emitted by the antenna with an emission direction directed toward the second part, and the third part has a beam transmission characteristic corresponding to a second scanning angle of a beam emitted by the antenna with an emission direction directed toward the third part.

Abstract: A sliding spline shaft device of the present invention includes a male spline and a female spline that is fitted to the male spline in an axially slidable manner, and at least one of the splines has a surface processed layer. The surface processed layer includes an undercoat layer, an intermediate layer containing phosphate, and a topcoat layer containing solid lubricant, in this order. The undercoat layer contains iron nitride and/or iron carbide. Thus, the surface of a base material has high hardness. As a result, microscopic deformation of the sliding surface is reduced, and increase in a real contact area is suppressed, whereby stick-slip is prevented.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide an optical fiber amplifier capable of seamlessly and collectively amplifying optical signals in a plurality of bands. In order to achieve the aforementioned purpose, the optical fiber amplifier according to the present invention is the optical fiber amplifier that amplifies multiple wavelength bands, and in cross-section, one signal light primary propagation region, and a doped region where rare-earth ions have been added, wherein the doped region includes the rare-earth-doped optical fiber existing other than the propagation region.

Abstract: A receiving device transmits and receives a radio signal by radio communication with a capsule endoscope introduced inside a subject. The receiving device includes: a first receiver configured to selectively receive the radio signal by switching between a first frequency and a second frequency; a second receiver configured to receive positioning information from an external positioning system; a processor configured to acquire information indicating whether the positioning information has been received from the positioning system, and a signal level of a signal at, at least one of the first frequency and the second frequency, and set to either one of a mode in which the first frequency is used for the radio communication and a mode in which the second frequency is used for the radio communication; and a first transmitter configured to transmit information of frequency according to the set mode to the capsule endoscope.

Abstract: An illumination optical system can form a pupil intensity distribution with a desired beam profile. The illumination optical system for illuminating an illumination target surface with light from a light source is provided with a spatial light modulator which has a plurality of optical elements arrayed on a predetermined surface and individually controlled and which variably forms a light intensity distribution on an illumination pupil of the illumination optical system; a divergence angle providing member which is arranged in a conjugate space including a surface optically conjugate with the predetermined surface and which provides a divergence angle to an incident beam and emits the beam; and a polarizing member which is arranged at a position in the vicinity of the predetermined surface or in the conjugate space and which changes a polarization state of a partial beam of a propagating beam propagating in an optical path.

Abstract: A capsule endoscope position detection method includes first to third steps. The method uses at least four antennas configured to receive signals wirelessly transmitted from a capsule endoscope inside a subject. In the first step, a calculation device calculates a distance difference between a first distance and a second distance on the basis of the signals received by two of the at least four antennas. The first distance is a distance between one of the two antennas and a capsule endoscope. The second distance is a distance between the other of the two antennas and the capsule endoscope. In the second step, the calculation device selects at least three distance differences among the distance differences calculated in the first step. In the third step, the calculation device calculates a Z coordinate of the capsule endoscope on the basis of the selected distance difference.

Abstract: An illumination optical system can form a pupil intensity distribution with a desired beam profile. The illumination optical system for illuminating an illumination target surface with light from a light source is provided with a spatial light modulator which has a plurality of optical elements arrayed on a predetermined surface and individually controlled and which variably forms a light intensity distribution on an illumination pupil of the illumination optical system; a divergence angle providing member which is arranged in a conjugate space including a surface optically conjugate with the predetermined surface and which provides a divergence angle to an incident beam and emits the beam; and a polarizing member which is arranged at a position in the vicinity of the predetermined surface or in the conjugate space and which changes a polarization state of a partial beam of a propagating beam propagating in an optical path.

Abstract: A microscope includes an illuminating optical system that illuminates the test object under predetermined illumination conditions, an imaging optical system that forms an image of the test object, and an image sensor that outputs an image signal. A computer includes an image analyzing unit that acquires an image feature amount of the test object on the basis of the image signal detected by the image sensor, a comparison unit that compares the image feature amount of the test object with image feature amounts of a plurality of sample test objects and specifies an image feature amount of a sample test object closest to the image feature amount of the test object, and a setting unit that sets illumination conditions of the illuminating optical system on the basis of an illumination state suitable for observation of a sample test object having the image feature amount specified by the comparison unit.

Abstract: An imaging apparatus includes an imaging unit that images a test object, an analysis unit that outputs a feature amount of an image which is captured by the imaging unit, a storage unit that stores an evaluation function which has the image feature amount as a variable, for evaluation of the image, a selection unit that selects one image from two or more images including an image specified based on a value of the evaluation function, and a changing unit that changes the evaluation function based on the one image in a case where the one image selected by the selection unit is different from the specified image.

Abstract: An illumination optical system can form a pupil intensity distribution with a desired beam profile. The illumination optical system for illuminating an illumination target surface with light from a light source is provided with a spatial light modulator which has a plurality of optical elements arrayed on a predetermined surface and individually controlled and which variably forms a light intensity distribution on an illumination pupil of the illumination optical system; a divergence angle providing member which is arranged in a conjugate space including a surface optically conjugate with the predetermined surface and which provides a divergence angle to an incident beam and emits the beam; and a polarizing member which is arranged at a position in the vicinity of the predetermined surface or in the conjugate space and which changes a polarization state of a partial beam of a propagating beam propagating in an optical path.

Abstract: A solid-state image pickup device according to one embodiment of the present invention includes: electrically coupled substrates on which circuit elements constituting a pixel are arranged; a photoelectric conversion element included in the pixel; a reading circuit that reads from the pixel, a signal based on a signal generated by the photoelectric conversion element; and first to n-th circuit sets each including a circuit element that reads a signal by a corresponding one of first to n-th reading modes. n is an integer such that n?2. The circuit elements arranged on one of the substrates is used to complete operations from generation of the signal by the photoelectric conversion element to reading of the signal by at least one of the first to n-th reading modes. The photoelectric conversion element, the reading circuit, and at least one of the first to n-th circuit sets which corresponds to the at least one of the first to n-th reading modes, are arranged on the one of the substrates.

Abstract: A solid-state image pickup device according to one embodiment of the present invention includes: a first substrate including first pixels arranged in a matrix; and a second substrate electrically coupled to the first substrate and including second pixels arranged in a matrix. The first pixel including a photoelectric conversion element configured to generate a color signal corresponding to an m-th color is the first pixel corresponding to the m-th color where m is an integer equal to one of 1 to n. The second pixel including the signal storing circuit configured to store the color signal corresponding to the m-th color is the second pixel corresponding to the m-th color. At least two second pixels of the second pixels corresponding to the same color are arranged in the same column on the second substrate.

Abstract: In a solid-state imaging device and an electronic camera, a first substrate of the solid-state imaging device includes first and second photoelectric converting units, a transfer unit that transfers signal charges of the first and second photoelectric converting units to a connector, and a microlens that causes light to be incident on the first and second photoelectric converting unit. A second substrate of the solid-state imaging device includes first and second memory units that hold signal charges transferred from one or the other of the first and second photoelectric converting unit to the connector and an averaging unit that averages the signal charges held in the first memory unit and the signal charge held in the second memory unit.

Abstract: A phase-contrast microscope system includes: an illumination optical system that illuminates a specimen with an illumination light from a light source; an imaging optical system that forms an image of the specimen from a light from the specimen; a first spatial modulation element that is disposed in a position of a pupil of the imaging optical system and changes an amplitude transmittance distribution of the light from the specimen; an image sensor that detects the image of the specimen by the imaging optical system and outputs a picture signal; a calculation section that calculates the amplitude transmittance distribution of the light from the specimen appropriate for observing the specimen on the basis of the output data detected by the image sensor and the amplitude transmittance distribution of the light from the specimen formed by the first spatial modulation element.

Abstract: A solid-state image pickup device according to one embodiment of the present invention includes: electrically coupled substrates on which circuit elements constituting a pixel are arranged; a photoelectric conversion element included in the pixel; a reading circuit that reads from the pixel, a signal based on a signal generated by the photoelectric conversion element; and first to n-th circuit sets each including a circuit element that reads a signal by a corresponding one of first to n-th reading modes. n is an integer such that n?2. The circuit elements arranged on one of the substrates is used to complete operations from generation of the signal by the photoelectric conversion element to reading of the signal by at least one of the first to n-th reading modes. The photoelectric conversion element, the reading circuit, and at least one of the first to n-th circuit sets which corresponds to the at least one of the first to n-th reading modes, are arranged on the one of the substrates.

Abstract: A solid-state image pickup device includes: electrically coupled substrates on which circuit elements constituting a pixel are arranged; a photoelectric conversion element included in the pixel; a reading circuit that reads from the pixel, a signal based on a signal generated by the photoelectric conversion element; and first to n-th circuit sets each including a circuit element that reads a signal by a corresponding one of first to n-th reading modes. n is an integer such that n?2. The circuit elements arranged on one of the substrates is used to complete operations from generation of the signal by the photoelectric conversion element to reading of the signal by at least one of the first to n-th reading modes. The photoelectric conversion element, the reading circuit, and at least one of the first to n-th circuit sets are arranged on the one of the substrates.

Abstract: A solid-state image pickup device in which a first substrate and a second substrate including circuit elements forming pixels and disposed therein are electrically connected by a connection unit, may include an averaging circuit that averages signals accumulated in signal accumulation circuits respectively included in the two or more pixels that are pixels included in the same group and are averaging targets, and an output circuit that outputs the averaged signals from the pixels. The pixels may be classified into a plurality of groups and each group may include the plurality of pixels. The pixels may include photoelectric conversion elements disposed in the first substrate, and the signal accumulation circuits that are disposed in the second substrate and accumulate signals that are generated by the photoelectric conversion elements and are input via the connection unit.

Abstract: An illumination optical system can form a pupil intensity distribution with a desired beam profile. The illumination optical system for illuminating an illumination target surface with light from a light source is provided with a spatial light modulator which has a plurality of optical elements arrayed on a predetermined surface and individually controlled and which variably forms a light intensity distribution on an illumination pupil of the illumination optical system; a divergence angle providing member which is arranged in a conjugate space including a surface optically conjugate with the predetermined surface and which provides a divergence angle to an incident beam and emits the beam; and a polarizing member which is arranged at a position in the vicinity of the predetermined surface or in the conjugate space and which changes a polarization state of a partial beam of a propagating beam propagating in an optical path.