Abstract: An image forming apparatus comprising: an image bearing member, a developing member that forms a toner image with a toner including a metal soap having a polarity opposite to that of the toner, a supply member that supplies the toner to the developing member, and a control unit that executes a metal soap supply operation of supplying the metal soap from the developing member to the image bearing member when an operation other than the image forming operation is executed, wherein the metal soap supply operation includes a first mode and a second mode, and a potential difference between the supply member and the developing member, which causes an electrostatic force in the direction from the supply member to the developing member to act on the metal soap, is smaller in the metal soap supply operation in the second mode than in the first mode.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional network structure which has high hydrolysis resistance and thus degradation of resin due to moisture in the air is prevented in long-term use. The three-dimensional network structure includes a three-dimensional random loop shaped and bonded structure including a linear continuous fiber, wherein the linear continuous fiber includes a resin composition, and the resin composition includes a polyester-based thermoplastic elastomer and a phosphate glass. The phosphate glass preferably contains P2O5, SiO2, ZnO, and at least one selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal oxide and an alkaline earth metal.

Abstract: Disclosed is a substrate treating apparatus provided with a treating block. The treating block includes a wet transportation region adjoining a batch treatment region and a single-wafer transportation region. The wet transportation region contains a second posture turning mechanism provided on an extension line of a line of six batch process tanks and configured to turn a posture of substrates, on which immersion treatment is performed, from vertical to horizontal, a belt conveyor mechanism configured to receive the substrates in a horizontal posture one by one from the second posture turning mechanism and transport the substrates to the single-wafer transportation region, and a liquid supplying unit configured to supply a liquid to wet the substrates, transported by the belt conveyor mechanism, with the liquid.

Abstract: A vehicle controller is provided. A first passage of a supply passage of a blow-by gas processing device is connected to a portion of an intake passage located downstream of a compressor of a forced-induction device. The first passage includes a connection portion connected to the intake passage. A portion of the first passage between the connection portion and a PCV valve is a passage downstream portion. A supercooling determination process determines whether the supply passage is supercooled by relative wind of a vehicle based on a travel speed of the vehicle. An operating state changing process sets operation of the internal combustion engine to non-boosting operation when an ambient temperature of the vehicle is less than or equal to a determination temperature, the PCV valve is determined as being closed, and the supply passage is determined as being supercooled.

Abstract: A vehicle controller is provided. A first passage of a supply passage of a blow-by gas processing device is connected to a portion of an intake passage located downstream of a compressor of a forced-induction device. The first passage includes a connection portion connected to the intake passage. A portion of the first passage between the connection portion and a PCV valve is a passage downstream portion. A supercooling determination process determines whether the supply passage is supercooled by relative wind of a vehicle based on a travel speed of the vehicle. An operating state changing process sets operation of the internal combustion engine to non-boosting operation when an ambient temperature of the vehicle is less than or equal to a determination temperature, the PCV valve is determined as being closed, and the supply passage is determined as being supercooled.

Abstract: An oral cavity washing device includes a nozzle and a pump that supplies a liquid to the nozzle. The nozzle has a nozzle flow passage and a reduced part that is disposed in an intermediate part of the nozzle flow passage and that is smaller in cross-sectional area than a rest of the nozzle flow passage. A first flow passage and a second flow passage that are in parallel to each other are disposed between the nozzle and the pump. The first flow passage has a first valve that causes the first flow passage to be opened only when the pump sucks the liquid. The second flow passage has a second valve that causes the second flow passage to be opened only during discharge performed by the pump.

Abstract: A reinforcing vibration-damping material that includes a reinforcing material and a vibration-damping material disposed on the reinforcing material in a thickness direction of the reinforcing material. The vibration-damping material has a first portion that overlaps the reinforcing material in the thickness direction and a second portion that does not overlap the reinforcing material in the thickness direction. When the reinforcing vibration-damping material is attached to the object, the reinforcing material is adhered to the object and the second portion of the vibration-damping material is also adhered to the object so that the vibration-damping material suppresses the downward displacement of the reinforcing material.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an oral hygiene device member capable of further reducing a burden on a target object in an oral cavity and capable of maintaining a cleaner state while suppressing deterioration in cleaning performance. Oral hygiene device member according to the present disclosure comprises handle having flow path through which liquid is allowed to pass. Oral hygiene device member comprises head comprising: head body connected to one end side of handle; and head material held by head body. Head material comprises a cleaning part. The cleaning part is exposed from the head body in a state of being held by the head body. The cleaning part is formed of fibers that clean a target object in an oral cavity. Liquid supply path is formed in the head. The liquid supply path communicates with the flow path and supplies liquid to the cleaning part.

Abstract: A point calculation device includes a point granting information acquisition unit configured to acquire a point granting start time and a point granting end time for use points relating to a vehicle; and a point calculation unit configured to calculate use points for a user of the vehicle according to a time difference between the acquired point granting start time and the acquired point granting end time.

Abstract: An oral cavity washing device includes a nozzle having a flow passage structure and a pump to feed washing liquid to the flow passage structure. The flow passage structure includes: a first component having a first flow passage; a second component being disposed downstream of the first component and having a second flow passage that is narrower than the first flow passage; a third component being disposed downstream of the second component and having a third flow passage that is broader than the second flow passage; a reducer being disposed downstream of the third component and being configured so as to reduce a width of the flow passage; and a fourth component being disposed downstream of the reducer and having a fourth flow passage that widens with an advancement in a path from the reducer to the outlet port so as to generate cavitation in the washing liquid.

Abstract: A near-field scanning probe includes: a measurement probe that relatively scans a test sample; an excitation light irradiation system; a near-field light generation system that generates near-field light in a region including the measurement probe in response to irradiation with excitation light from the excitation light irradiation system; and a scattered light detection system that detects Rayleigh scattering and Ramen scattered light of the near-field light from the sample, generated between the measurement probe and the sample, and the near-field scanning probe is characterized in that the near-field light generation system includes a cantilever with a chip coated with a noble metal, and a tip of the chip is provided with a thin wire group including a plurality of carbon nanowires with a noble metal provided at ends thereof.

Abstract: A point calculation device includes a shaking determination unit configured to acquire weather information or detection information of a vibration sensor mounted on a vehicle and determine a shaking of the vehicle according to the acquired information and a point calculation unit configured to calculate use points for the vehicle according to a determination of the shaking determination unit from a departure location to an arrival location of the vehicle.

Abstract: A point calculation device includes an actual movement route calculation unit configured to calculate an actual movement route of a vehicle from departure to arrival, and a point calculation unit configured to calculate use points according to a difference between the actual movement route and a preset movement route from a departure location to an arrival location.

Abstract: To perform more accurate analysis of a composition of a substance given at a sampling time, provided is an optical analysis apparatus, including: a flow passage, which is connected to a vessel, and is configured to allow a first substance to flow therethrough; an introduction unit, which is provided to the flow passage, and is configured to introduce at least two second substances to the flow passage, to thereby divide the first substance flowing through the flow passage; and a measurement unit, which is provided to the flow passage, and is configured to perform measurement by irradiating the first substance and the second substance flowing through the flow passage with light.

Abstract: An oral cavity washing device includes a nozzle and a pump that supplies a liquid to the nozzle. The nozzle has a nozzle flow passage and a reduced part that is disposed in an intermediate part of the nozzle flow passage and that is smaller in cross-sectional area than a rest of the nozzle flow passage. A first flow passage and a second flow passage that are in parallel to each other are disposed between the nozzle and the pump. The first flow passage has a first valve that causes the first flow passage to be opened only when the pump sucks the liquid. The second flow passage has a second valve that causes the second flow passage to be opened only during discharge performed by the pump.

Abstract: An electric toothbrush according to the present disclosure includes: a shaft to which a brush is attached; a primary drive unit that operates the shaft to let the brush perform a cleaning motion; and a supplementary drive unit that enables the shaft to move eccentrically. Accordingly, the electric toothbrush can facilitate entry of bristles of the brush between teeth and improve performance of cleaning between the teeth.

Abstract: An optical analysis apparatus, that irradiates a liquid sample with light and analyzes the sample, includes a measurement unit that measures the sample, a light source portion that emits light with which the sample is irradiated, and a light receiving portion that receives the light transmitted through the sample. The measurement unit includes a housing provided with an opening portion for flowing in and out of the sample, an accommodation region connected to the opening portion and provided inside the housing, a movable portion provided inside the accommodation region to be movable inside the accommodation region, an irradiation portion which receives the light emitted from the light source portion and in which an inside of the accommodation region is irradiated with the light, and a light collection portion which collects the light transmitted through the sample inside the accommodation region and outputs the light to the light receiving portion.

Abstract: An optical analysis apparatus, that irradiates a liquid sample with light and analyzes the sample, includes a measurement unit that measures the sample, a light source portion that emits light with which the sample is irradiated, and a light receiving portion that receives the light transmitted through the sample. The measurement unit includes a housing provided with an opening portion for flowing in and out of the sample, an accommodation region connected to the opening portion and provided inside the housing, a movable portion provided inside the accommodation region to be movable inside the accommodation region, an irradiation portion which receives the light emitted from the light source portion and in which an inside of the accommodation region is irradiated with the light, and a light collection portion which collects the light transmitted through the sample inside the accommodation region and outputs the light to the light receiving portion.

Abstract: A near-field scanning probe includes: a measurement probe that relatively scans a test sample; an excitation light irradiation system; a near-field light generation system that generates near-field light in a region including the measurement probe in response to irradiation with excitation light from the excitation light irradiation system; and a scattered light detection system that detects Rayleigh scattering and Ramen scattered light of the near-field light from the sample, generated between the measurement probe and the sample, and the near-field scanning probe is characterized in that the near-field light generation system includes a cantilever with a chip coated with a noble metal, and a tip of the chip is provided with a thin wire group including a plurality of carbon nanowires with a noble metal provided at ends thereof.

Abstract: A near-field scanning probe includes: a measurement probe that relatively scans a test sample; an excitation light irradiation system; a near-field light generation system that generates near-field light in a region including the measurement probe in response to irradiation with excitation light from the excitation light irradiation system; and a scattered light detection system that detects Rayleigh scattering and Ramen scattered light of the near-field light from the sample, generated between the measurement probe and the sample, and the near-field scanning probe is characterized in that the near-field light generation system includes a cantilever with a chip coated with a noble metal, and a tip of the chip is provided with a thin wire group including a plurality of carbon nanowires with a noble metal provided at ends thereof.