Abstract: A communication unit is connected to both an IPv4 network and an IPv6 network for converting an IPv4 multicast packet into an IPv6 multicast packet. The communication unit, which has held the IPv6 multicast addresses, holds the IPv4 multicast addresses of a multicast group on the IPv4 network and the held IPv6 multicast addresses in correspondence with each other. Moreover, the communication unit converts the IPv4 multicast address of the received IPv4 multicast packet into the IPv6 multicast address held in correspondence with the IPv4 multicast address, then transmits the multicast packet to the IPv6 network.

Abstract: A LAN switch is one component of a communications network system composed of a virtual LAN having network terminals such as personal computers connected with ports respectively. The LAN switch provides a host table for holding correspondence between each port and address information of the network terminal connected to each port and an authentication table for holding information for authenticating a user of each network terminal. If a request takes place of changing the correspondence about the source network terminal held in the host table when relaying the packets, the LAN switch prompts a user name and a password for the source network terminal, does user authentication on the basis of the information held in an authentication table, and enables rewrite of the host table and relay of the packets if the user is correct. These processes are executed for easily preventing false use of an address or tapping or false access by a malignant user as well as analyzing or recovering the erroneously set address.

Abstract: Crystalline silicon particles of nanometer order usable as a semiconductor element are provided by a method for producing SiOx particles, comprising irradiating SiOx (X is 0.5 or more and less than 2.0) particles each including therein an amorphous silicon particle having a particle diameter of 0.5 to 5 nm with light, and preferably a laser beam, to produce SiOx (X is 0.5 or more and less than 2.0) particles each including therein a crystalline silicon particle having a particle diameter of 1 to 10 nm.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, semiconductor circuit elements or wiring patterns are formed on a semiconductor substrate then, a porous semiconductor oxide film is formed as an interlayer insulating film on the semiconductor substrate including the semiconductor circuit elements or wiring patterns by oxidizing semiconductor substance in a mixture gas containing an oxygen gas in a chamber.

Abstract: In the case of detection of failure on a direct link interconnecting Master and Backup upstream switches, a control module of the Master upstream switch sends a partial failure message representing the occurrence of partial failure in the Master upstream switch via any of multiple lines connected to multiple ports of the Master upstream switch to the Backup upstream switch. Upon reception of the partial failure message from the Master upstream switch, a control module of the Backup upstream switch identifies partial failure occurring in the Master upstream switch and keeps the Backup operating status of the Backup upstream switch. Upon no reception of the partial failure message from the Master upstream switch, on the other hand, the control module of the Backup upstream switch identifies total failure occurring in the Master upstream switch and switches over the operating status of the Backup upstream switch from Backup to Master.

Abstract: A communications apparatus for converting an IPv4 multicast packet transmit from an IPv4 terminal into an IPv6 multicast packet and transmitting the converted IPv6 multicast packet to one of a plurality of IPv6 networks. The communications apparatus has information indicating to which IPv6 network the IPv4 multicast packet to undergo conversion processing is to be transmitted. The communications apparatus then converts the received IPv4 multicast packet into an IPv6 multicast packet and transmits the converted IPv6 multicast packet to an IPv6 network where it is required to be sent.

Abstract: A communications apparatus for converting an IPv4 multicast packet transmit from an IPv4 terminal into an IPv6 multicast packet and transmitting the converted IPv6 multicast packet to one of a plurality of IPv6 networks. The communications apparatus has information indicating to which IPv6 network the IPv4 multicast packet to undergo conversion processing is to be transmitted. The communications apparatus then converts the received IPv4 multicast packet into an IPv6 multicast packet and transmits the converted IPv6 multicast packet to an IPv6 network where it is required to be sent.

Abstract: In a light-emitting device, a light-emitting layer portion composed of a compound semiconductor is bonded on one main surface of a transparent conductive semiconductor substrate while placing a substrate-bonding conductive oxide layer composed of a conductive oxide in between. Between the light-emitting layer portion and the substrate-bonding conductive oxide layer, a contact layer for reducing junction resistance with the substrate-bonding conductive oxide layer so as to contact with the substrate-bonding conductive oxide layer. This is successful in providing the light-emitting device which is producible at low costs, has a low series resistance, and can attain a sufficient emission efficiency despite it has a thick current-spreading layer.

Abstract: A multicast communication method for allowing a communication control apparatus for communicating in accordance with IPv4 to communicate with a communication control apparatus for communicating in accordance with IPv6. This method includes the steps of: when an IPv4 multicast packet is inputted, discriminating that this packet is a data packet on the basis of an IPv4 header; when it is determined that the packet is the data packet, converting the IPv4 header of the IPv4 multicast packet into an IPv6 header; generating an IPv6 multicast packet; and outputting the generated IPv6 multicast packet to a IPv6 network.

Abstract: A light emitting device having an oxide transparent electrode layer as an emission drive electrode, and designed so that damage possibly occurs during bonding of electrode wires to the bonding pads is less influential to a light emitting layer portion is disclosed. The light emitting device has the light emitting layer portion composed of a compound semiconductor and has a double heterostructure in which a first-conductivity-type cladding layer, an active layer and a second-conductivity-type cladding layer are stacked in this order; and the light emitting layer portion is applied with emission drive voltage through an oxide transparent electrode layer formed so as to cover the main surface of the second-conductivity-type cladding layer. A bonding pad composed of a metal is disposed on the oxide transparent electrode layer, and to the bonding pad an electrode wire for current supply is bonded.

Abstract: A light-emitting device 100 has ITO transparent electrode layers 8, 10 used for applying drive voltage for light-emission to a light-emitting layer section 24, and is designed so as to extract light from the light-emitting layer section 24 through the ITO transparent electrode layers 8, 10. The light-emitting device 100 also has contact layers composed of In-containing GaAs, formed between the light-emitting layer section 24 and the ITO transparent electrode layers 8, 10, so as to contact with the ITO transparent electrode layers respectively. The contact layers 7, 9 are formed by annealing a stack 13 obtained by forming GaAs layers 7?, 9? on the light-emitting layer section, and by forming the ITO transparent electrode layers 8, 10 so as to contact with the GaAs layers 7?, 9?, to thereby allow In to diffuse from the ITO transparent electrode layers 8, 10 into the GaAs layers 7?, 9?.

Abstract: The network relay device of the invention carries out data transmission to and from an opposite device to relay data in a network. The network relay device includes: multiple ports connecting with corresponding multiple ports of the opposite device via multiple links; and a link aggregation control module that aggregates the multiple links to establish a link aggregation, which is regarded as one logic link, and carries out transmission of a control frame signal including a synchronization bit, as well as data transmission, at each port via the link aggregation. In response to detection of occurrence of a trouble in at least one of the aggregated multiple links, the link aggregation control module causes a port that connects with a normal link without the trouble among the multiple ports to stop the data transmission and send the control frame signal including the synchronization bit set equal to a first value.

Abstract: A multicast communication method for allowing a communication control apparatus for communicating in accordance with IPv4 to communicate with a communication control apparatus for communicating in accordance with IPv6. This method includes the steps of: when an IPv4 multicast packet is inputted, discriminating that this packet is a data packet on the basis of an IPv4 header; when it is determined that the packet is the data packet, converting the IPv4 header of the IPv4 multicast packet into an IPv6 header; generating an IPv6 multicast packet; and outputting the generated IPv6 multicast packet to a IPv6 network.

Abstract: While a crucible containing an Si material and a substrate to be processed are set in a chamber, Ar gas is supplied into the chamber and the Si material is evaporated by heating, thereby forming a nanoparticle thin film of Si on the substrate. This substrate is then annealed in an oxygen atmosphere to oxidize Si, forming a nanoparticle oxide thin film consisting of SiO2.

Abstract: In an information network having a complex structure made of a logical network and also a physical network, such an information network is constituted so as to realize a multicast service capable of not increasing an amount of a network traffic larger than a necessary traffic amount. This information network contains a plurality of information relay apparatuses for relaying information among a plurality of VLANs (Virtual Local Area Networks), a network for connecting these information replay apparatuses to each other, a multicast server and a plurality of terminals, belonging to an arbitrary VLAN of these VLANs. A multicast relay processing unit, a multicast address learning processing unit, and a multicast learning table are provided in each of these information relay apparatuses so as to register a predetermined relay destination of a multicast communication.

Abstract: A packet communications apparatus of the present invention essentially comprises a plurality of network interfaces (NIFs), a learned address table, a packet forwarding unit (PFU) and a processor for directive packets to change state (PDPCS). The learned address table contains information for identifying a NIF through which to send a packet. The PFU selects a port through which to forward a packet by referring to the learned address table, according to the state of the NIFs, and forwards or discards a packet received from a user terminal. The PDPCS receives a packet including a directive to change the state of a specific NIF to one of the connected state, disconnected state and stateless. The PDPCS changes the state of the specific NIF to one of the connected state, disconnected state and stateless, according to the directive in the packet.

Abstract: A communicating apparatus is disclosed which has been connected to both of the IPv4 network and the IPv6 network for converting an IPv4 multicast packet into an IPv6 multicast packet. The communicating apparatus, which has held the IPv6 multicast addresses, holds the IPv4 multicast addresses of a multicast group on the IPv4 network and the held IPv6 multicast addresses in correspondence with each other, said communicating apparatus having been a member of said multicast group. Moreover, the communicating apparatus converts the IPv4 multicast address of the received IPv4 multicast packet into the IPv6 multicast address held in correspondence with the IPv4 multicast address, then transmitting the multicast packet to the IPv6 network.

Abstract: A bipolar transistor is composed of a collector region, a base region connected to the collector region, an emitter region connected to the base region, an emitter electrode, a base electrode, and at lease one of first and second resistive layers of granular metal-dielectric material. The first resistive layer is disposed between the emitter region and the emitter electrode, and the second resistive layer is disposed between the base region and the base electrode. The resistivity of granular metal-dielectric material is widely adjustable by a volume ratio of metal granules to a dialectic matrix. This allows the resistive layers to have a sufficiently large perpendicular resistance to avoid thermal runaway with a reduced thickness.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, semiconductor circuit elements or wiring patterns are formed on a semiconductor substrate. then, a porous semiconductor oxide film is formed as an interlayer insulating film on the semiconductor substrate including the semiconductor circuit elements or wiring patterns by oxidizing semiconductor substance in a mixture gas containing an oxygen gas in a chamber.

Abstract: An information relay device connected between a plurality of logical or physical networks for performing an operation for relay of information between the networks is provided with a transmit/receive processing unit for receiving a general purpose multicast message from one of the plurality of networks and transmitting a multicast message to at least one of the plurality of networks, and a protocol conversion processing unit for converting, in the case where the general purpose multicast message received by the transmit/receive processing unit is a multicast protocol message of a certain level layer, the multicast protocol message of the certain level layer into a multicast protocol message of another level layer.