Abstract: Problem: To provide a cutting tool formed from a silicon nitride-based sintered body having high fracture resistance and having residual stress of a rake face and a flank face in an appropriate range. Solution: A cutting tool (1) formed from a silicon nitride-based sintered body containing not less than 50 volume % silicon nitride-based phase and from 10 to 30 volume % titanium nitride phase, uses an intersection ridge portion of a rake face (2) and a flank face (3) as a cutting edge (4), has a residual stress applied to the titanium nitride phase that is tensile stress, and is such that the tensile stress applied to the titanium nitride phase in the rake face (2) is greater than the tensile stress applied to the titanium nitride phase in the flank face (3).

Abstract: A gap forming member has: a plate portion that is placed on an opposite side of a needle, which is opposite from a valve seat; and an extending portion that is formed to extend from the plate portion toward the valve seat, while an opposite end part of the extending portion, which is opposite from the plate portion, is contactable with a movable core. A first wall surface of the gap forming member, which is a wall surface opposed to an outer wall of the flange, is slidable relative to the outer wall of the flange, and a second wall surface of the gap forming member, which is a wall surface opposed to an inner wall of a stationary core, forms a radial gap, which is a gap in a radial direction, between the second wall surface and the inner wall of the stationary core.

Abstract: A movable core is movable relative to a needle main body of a needle. A stationary core is placed on an opposite side of the movable core, which is opposite from a valve seat. A spring is operable to urge the needle and the movable core toward the valve seat. A spring seat is shaped into a ring form and is placed on a radially outer side of the needle main body at the valve seat side of the movable core. The spring is placed between the movable core and the spring seat and is operable to urge the movable core toward the stationary core. A guide is placed on the valve seat side of the movable core in an inside of a housing. An inner wall of the guide is slidable relative to an outer wall of the spring seat to guide reciprocation of the needle.

Abstract: A fuel injection valve includes a housing having a nozzle hole, a valve seat, and a fuel passage; a needle that is accommodated in the housing to be capable of reciprocating in an axial direction of the housing and that opens or closes the nozzle hole; a coil; a fixed core; a movable core; a shift permitting member that is provided between the housing and an internal-combustion engine to permit a shift of an attachment position at time of attachment of the housing and the engine; and a friction reducing part that is provided between the engine and the shift permitting member to reduce friction between the engine and the shift permitting member. The friction reducing part permits displacement of the housing in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the housing.

Abstract: The present inventors have found microRNAs which are strongly associated with stabilization of NRF2 in tumors, and an object of the present invention is to provide means for utilizing such miRNAs for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. The inventors conducted screening of 470 microRNAs in a microRNA library by use of HeLa cells. As a result, 8 miRNAs each exhibiting a large decrease in miRNA activity as compared with a control miRNA, and 8 miRNAs each exhibiting a large increase in miRNA activity as compared with a control miRNA, were identified. The inventors have found that the NRF2 activation in the living body, in particular tumor cells, can be detected by use of the thus-identified miRNAs, whereby malignancy of a tumor, or the like can be differentiated. The inventors have also found that a nucleic acid including a miRNA sequence associated with reduction in the aforementioned ARE activity can be used as a cancer therapeutic agent.

Abstract: A fuel injection valve includes: a housing that includes an injection hole and a valve seat; a needle that includes a flange at a radially outer side of the needle and opens or closes the injection hole; a movable core that is installed on the valve seat side of the flange; a first spring that urges the needle toward the valve seat side; a second spring that urges the movable core toward an opposite side, which is opposite from the valve seat; and a limiting member that is installed on a radially outer side of the needle such that the limiting member enables movement of the movable core between the limiting member and the flange on the valve seat side of the flange. The limiting member includes an outside projection, which supports the second spring; and a tubular portion and an inside projection, which are contactable with the movable core.

Abstract: In a fuel injection valve, when a regulating unit provided in a needle abuts against a movable core, a gap is defined between a flange portion end face of a flange portion and a movable core first end face of the movable core. With the above configuration, when a coil develops a magnetic field, because the movable core abuts against a flange portion while accelerating in a valve-opening direction, a relatively large force is exerted on the needle in the valve-opening direction. The needle is further moved in the valve-opening direction by an urging force of a second spring after the movable core has abutted against the fixed core. With the above configuration, a lift quantity of the needle is longer than a distance by which the movable core moves until the movable core abuts against a fixed core abutting portion since the movable core abuts against the flange portion. As a result, the lift quantity of the needle can be increased without any increase in the electric power to be supplied to the coil.

Abstract: A current control unit in a fuel injection device controls a magnitude of a current flowing through a coil during single energization. A current Ip1 flows once a signal input to the current control unit is turned ON at time t11. As a result, a movable core and a needle abut against each other with a lift amount increased at time t12, and then the needle is separated from a valve seat and pre-injection is performed. At time t13, which follows the pre-injection, the needle and movable core lift amount becomes a lift amount D1 at a time when the needle and the valve seat abut against each other, and temporary valve closing occurs. At time t14, which follows time t13, currents Ix1 and Im1 larger than the current Ip1 are caused to flow through the coil, and then main injection is performed with the needle and movable core lift amount turned into a lift amount D2 larger than the lift amount D1. Therefore, fuel injection can be performed twice during the single energization.

Abstract: A fuel injection valve includes: a circular plate portion that is abuttable against an end surface of a needle opposite from a valve seat while the needle being provided to open and close an injection hole upon lifting and seating of the needle relative to the valve seat; and a tubular portion that extends from the circular plate portion toward the valve seat and has an end part, which is opposite from the circular plate portion and is abuttable against a movable core second contact surface of a movable core opposite from the valve seat. In a state where the circular plate portion abuts against the needle, and the tubular portion abuts against the movable core, a gap is formed between a flange member end surface of a flange of the needle and a movable core first contact surface of the movable core opposite from the valve seat.

Abstract: A fuel injection valve includes a housing having a nozzle hole, a valve seat, and a fuel passage; a needle that is accommodated in the housing to be capable of reciprocating in an axial direction of the housing and that opens or closes the nozzle hole; a coil; a fixed core; a movable core; a shift permitting member that is provided between the housing and an internal-combustion engine to permit a shift of an attachment position at time of attachment of the housing and the engine; and a friction reducing part that is provided between the engine and the shift permitting member to reduce friction between the engine and the shift permitting member. The friction reducing part permits displacement of the housing in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the housing.

Abstract: A brake, system includes a hydraulic brake that supplies a hydraulic pressure to a cylinder provided correspondingly to each wheel mounted on a vehicle, thereby pressing friction members against the wheels and applying a hydraulic braking force; an electric brake that is mounted on at least one wheel from among the wheels and applies a braking force to the wheel by drive of an electric actuator; and a controller that executes control of supply of hydraulic pressure to each wheel cylinder by the hydraulic brake and operation control of the electric brake, regardless of a braking request by a driver, and causes a transition from hydraulic braking force control of all of the wheels to hydraulic braking force control of the wheel on which the electric brake has been mounted, when a speed of the vehicle satisfies a condition during the hydraulic braking force control of all of the wheels.

Abstract: The present inventors have found microRNAs which are strongly associated with stabilization of NRF2 in tumors, and an object of the present invention is to provide means for utilizing such miRNAs for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. The inventors conducted screening of 470 microRNAs in a microRNA library by use of HeLa cells. As a result, 8 miRNAs each exhibiting a large decrease in miRNA activity as compared with a control miRNA, and 8 miRNAs each exhibiting a large increase in miRNA activity as compared with a control miRNA, were identified. The inventors have found that the NRF2 activation in the living body, in particular tumor cells, can be detected by use of the thus-identified miRNAs, whereby malignancy of a tumor, or the like can be differentiated. The inventors have also found that a nucleic acid including a miRNA sequence associated with reduction in the aforementioned ARE activity can be used as a cancer therapeutic agent.

Abstract: A brake, system includes a hydraulic brake that supplies a hydraulic pressure to a cylinder provided correspondingly to each wheel mounted on a vehicle, thereby pressing friction members against the wheels and applying a hydraulic braking force; an electric brake that is mounted on at least one wheel from among the wheels and applies a braking force to the wheel by drive of an electric actuator; and a controller that executes control of supply of hydraulic pressure to each wheel cylinder by the hydraulic brake and operation control of the electric brake, regardless of a braking request by a driver, and causes a transition from hydraulic braking force control of all of the wheels to hydraulic braking force control of the wheel on which the electric brake has been mounted, when a speed of the vehicle satisfies a condition during the hydraulic braking force control of all of the wheels.

Abstract: Problem: To provide a cutting tool formed from a silicon nitride-based sintered body having high fracture resistance and having residual stress of a rake face and a flank face in an appropriate range. Solution: A cutting tool (1) formed from a silicon nitride-based sintered body containing not less than 50 volume % silicon nitride-based phase and from 10 to 30 volume % titanium nitride phase, uses an intersection ridge portion of a rake face (2) and a flank face (3) as a cutting edge (4), has a residual stress applied to the titanium nitride phase that is tensile stress, and is such that the tensile stress applied to the titanium nitride phase in the rake face (2) is greater than the tensile stress applied to the titanium nitride phase in the flank face (3).

Abstract: A vehicle control device is applied to a vehicle having a driving mechanism for transmitting a driving force to a plurality of wheels, a braking mechanism having an electronic parking brake for generating a parking brake force for at least one of the plurality of wheels, and a coupling state control mechanism for controlling state of coupling of the plurality of wheels. The vehicle control device determines whether the electronic parking brake is in a lock stuck state in which the parking brake force cannot be canceled. When at least one of the plurality of wheels is in the lock stuck state, the vehicle control device exercises stuck state special control to loosen or cancel state of coupling between a wheel determined to be in the lock stuck state and a wheel determined to be not in the lock stuck state by controlling the coupling state control mechanism.

Abstract: A tubular rail body has an inlet for introducing a fuel therein from a fuel supply source. A plurality of tubular protrusion portions project from the rail body in a substantially vertical direction relative to an axial direction of the rail body, and are arranged at a predetermined interval in the axial direction. A tubular extension portion extends from each of the protrusion portions in a substantially vertical direction relative to both an axial direction of the protrusion portions and the axial direction of the rail body. The tubular extension portion is inserted into a bore which extends from an exterior of an internal combustion engine to a combustion chamber. A connecting portion is formed on an end portion of the extension portion opposite to the protrusion portion and is fluidly connected with a fuel injector inserted in the bore.

Abstract: A brake device includes an electric brake mechanism that applies electric braking force, a hydraulic brake mechanism that applies hydraulic braking force, an electric brake ECU that directs the electric brake mechanism to generate the electric braking force according to an operation amount of a brake pedal operated by a driver, a master cylinder in which a volume thereof changes according to the operation amount of the brake pedal, and that is able to deliver operating fluid to the hydraulic brake mechanism by a reduction in the volume, and a reservoir that stores the operating fluid. The master cylinder has a discharge port that discharges the operating fluid that is inside of the master cylinder to the reservoir.

Abstract: A vehicle brake apparatus capable of preventing abnormal vibration due to thickness variations in a disc rotor includes a motor drive unit configured to control the motor which presses the brake pad against the disc rotor, a brake pressure detection unit for detecting a braking pressure for pressing the brake pad, and a wheel speed sensor for detecting a rotation speed of the disc rotor. If an amount of variation in the detection values detected by the brake pressure detection unit during one rotation of the disc rotor exceeds a variation amount determination threshold value and a detection value variation frequency has a correlation with the rotation speed of the disc rotor and the detection value variation frequency exceeds a variation frequency determination threshold value, the motor drive unit controls the motor in inverted phase to the variation in the detection values.

Abstract: Each of a plurality of electric brake devices corresponds to one of a plurality of wheels and includes a motor. A brake ECU, which controls the electric brake devices, determines whether there is an overheated motor of which the temperature T is greater than or equal to a first set threshold value Tth1. Also, when there is only one overheated motor, the brake ECU reduces a current value Ix for the overheated motor at a more gradual gradient in the case where the temperature T of the overheated motor is low than in the case where the temperature is high.

Abstract: A vehicle control device is applied to a vehicle having a driving mechanism for transmitting a driving force to a plurality of wheels, a braking mechanism having an electronic parking brake for generating a parking brake force for at least one of the plurality of wheels, and a coupling state control mechanism for controlling state of coupling of the plurality of wheels. The vehicle control device determines whether the electronic parking brake is in a lock stuck state in which the parking brake force cannot be canceled. When at least one of the plurality of wheels is in the lock stuck state, the vehicle control device exercises stuck state special control to loosen or cancel state of coupling between a wheel determined to be in the lock stuck state and a wheel determined to be not in the lock stuck state by controlling the coupling state control mechanism.