Abstract: To provide a photoelectric conversion element that can improve image quality. Provided is a photoelectric conversion element including at least a first electrode, a work function control layer, a photoelectric conversion layer, an oxide semiconductor layer, and a second electrode in this order, and further including a third electrode, in which the third electrode is provided apart from the second electrode and is provided facing the photoelectric conversion layer via an insulating layer, and the work function control layer contains a larger amount of oxygen than an amount of oxygen satisfying a stoichiometric composition.

Abstract: In a reserved printing, when an MFP receives print jobs, print jobs having their print reservation times within a predetermined time range with reference to the times of receipts are retained within the MFP. On the other hand, print jobs having their print reservation times not within the predetermined time range are not retained within the MFP and are cancelled.

Abstract: In a reserved printing, when an MFP receives print jobs, print jobs having their print reservation times within a predetermined time range with reference to the times of receipts are retained within the MFP. On the other hand, print jobs having their print reservation times not within the predetermined time range are not retained within the MFP and are cancelled.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus determines, with respect to intermediate data including a start edge and an end edge indicating a shape of an object and which do not intersect and where an edge direction of the start edge and an edge direction of the end edge are aligned, whether an edge read from the intermediate data is the start edge or the end edge based on an edge direction of the edge, determines an X coordinate of an edge to be determined for each scan line as a minimum value of a corresponding scan line, and determines, an X coordinate of an edge to be determined for each scan line, as a maximum value of a corresponding scan line.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus including a drawing unit which generates pixel data based on print data and an image processing unit which performs image processing for the pixel data, the apparatus comprises: a determination unit configured to determine, while the drawing unit and the image processing unit are performing processing, whether the image processing unit as an output destination of pixel data generated is configured to be stopped when receiving a stop instruction for the processing from a control unit; and a transmission unit configured to transmit pixel data of predetermined color values to the image processing unit for the number of pixels which have not been processed in processing of generating the pixel data when the determination unit determines that the image processing unit is not configured to be stopped, wherein the image processing unit performs image processing by using pixel data of the predetermined color values transmitted.

Abstract: An apparatus generates test data for a cache memory that caches data in a cache line in accordance with a memory address. The apparatus generates a memory address to be accessed, data to be arranged in a storage area designated by the memory address, an access instruction for the memory address, and an expected value of the data that is to be cached in the cache memory when memory access is performed in accordance with the access instruction. The apparatus generates an address list including the first memory address, the access instruction, and the expected value, so that the address list is stored in a cache block that is cacheable in the cache memory by one memory access. The apparatus generates test data in which the address list and the data are arranged, so that the address list is cached in a different cache line from the data.

Abstract: A computer-readable, non-transitory medium storing a program for measuring a performance in a system including a storage unit and a plurality of control units for controlling an access to the storage unit, the program causing a computer to execute a procedure, the procedure includes estimating a specification area in address information including an address area in which an address of an access target of the storage unit is set and the specification area in which specification information for specifying a control unit for controlling an access to the access target is set, and verifying a reliability of the system by accessing the storage unit on the basis of a specification information in the specification area.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus including a drawing unit which generates pixel data based on print data and an image processing unit which performs image processing for the pixel data, the apparatus comprises: a determination unit configured to determine, while the drawing unit and the image processing unit are performing processing, whether the image processing unit as an output destination of pixel data generated is configured to be stopped when receiving a stop instruction for the processing from a control unit; and a transmission unit configured to transmit pixel data of predetermined color values to the image processing unit for the number of pixels which have not been processed in processing of generating the pixel data when the determination unit determines that the image processing unit is not configured to be stopped, wherein the image processing unit performs image processing by using pixel data of the predetermined color values transmitted.

Abstract: A computer-readable, non-transitory medium storing a program for measuring a performance in a system including a storage unit and a plurality of control units for controlling an access to the storage unit, the program causing a computer to execute a procedure, the procedure includes estimating a specification area in address information including an address area in which an address of an access target of the storage unit is set and the specification area in which specification information for specifying a control unit for controlling an access to the access target is set, and verifying a reliability of the system by accessing the storage unit on the basis of a specification information in the specification area.

Abstract: Image processing for creating bitmap data based on a plurality of drawing objects by sequentially rendering the plurality of drawing objects respectively having drawing attributes and drawing logic, and sequentially updating the bitmap data and attribute information for each pixel of the bitmap data, has the following characteristic feature. That is, a transparent object group, which expresses transparent processing and includes a plurality of drawing objects, is detected based on the drawing logic, and the drawing attribute of a predetermined drawing object in the detected transparent object group is updated to an attribute indicating that the attribute information is not updated. For example, for transparent processing including three continuous drawing objects having drawing logic “EXOR”, “overwrite”, and “EXOR”, the first and last drawing objects of the EXOR are controlled not to update attribute information for each pixel upon drawing, thus obtaining appropriate attribute information.