Abstract: A composite semipermeable membrane, including: a microporous support layer; and a separation functional layer provided on the microporous support layer, in which the separation functional layer includes a crosslinked wholly aromatic polyamide which is a polycondensation product of a polyfunctional aromatic amine and a polyfunctional aromatic acid chloride and contains amino groups and carboxyl groups, and in positive secondary ions measured on a surface of the separation functional layer by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry, when (count number of m/z=104.03)/(count number of m/z=108.06) is denoted by a, and a molar ratio (carboxyl group/amino group) of the carboxyl group to the amino group, which is obtained by analyzing the entire separation functional layer by 13C solid state NMR, is denoted by b, the following formulae (1) and (2) are satisfied: a?5.0 (1); and a/b?4.3 (2).

Abstract: A process for producing a silver halide photographic emulsion by supplying a solution of a water-soluble silver salt and a solution of a water-soluble halide in the presence of a protective colloid is disclosed, said process comprising, in sequence:(A) the step of forming silver halide nuclear grains with a silver iodide content of 0 to 5 mol %, wherein the pH of the mother liquor is maintained at between 2.0 and -0.7 for at least the initial half of the period of said step;(B) the step of forming silver halide seed grains wherein the silver halide grains formed by step (A) above are made into monodisperse, substantially spherical seed grains; and(C) the step of increasing the sizes of the seed grains by addition of a solution of a water-soluble silver salt and a solution of a water-soluble halide and/or fine silver halide grains.

Abstract: Disclosed is a light-sensitive silver halide photographic material comprising at least one layer of green-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer (GH), at least one layer of red-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer (RH) and a plural number of blue-sensitive silver halide emulsion layers with different sensitivities, provided on a support, which is characterized in that one of the said plural number of blue-sensitive silver halide emulsion layers is provided as a silver halide emulsion layer (BH) positioned at the farthest side from the support, at least one layer GH and at least one layer RH are provided between the layer BH and a blue-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer lower in sensitivity than the layer BH, and further fine grains of silver halide are contained in at least one of the said blue-sensitive emulsion layer of lower sensitivity and a layer adjacent thereto. The fine grains of silver halide may have a blue-sensitive sensitizing dye adsorbed on the surfaces thereof.

Abstract: There is disclosed a light-sensitive silver halide color photographic material having red-sensitive, green-sensitive and blue-sensitive emulsion layers, each layer consisting of two or more layers with different sensitivities on a support, wherein the layers are constituted so as to satisfy the following requirements (A), (B), (C) and (D):(A) of the respective emulsion layers having the highest sensitivities among the the red-sensitive, green-sensitive and blue-sensitive emulsion layers, the highest sensitivity blue-sensitive emulsion layer is provided on the side farthest from the support;(B) at least the the highest sensitivity red-sensitive emulsion layer and the highest sensitivity green-sensitive emulsion layer are provided between the the highest blue-sensitive emulsion layer and a blue-sensitive emulsion layer with lower sensitivity;(C) none of the respective red-sensitive, green-sensitive and blue-sensitive emulsion layers having the lowest sensitivities exists on the side farther than the low sensiti

Abstract: A silver halide color photographic material having blue-, green- and red-sensitive silver halide emulsion layers coated on a support is provided, each of said layers being composed of a plurality of sub-layers having different sensitivities. In said material, at least a red-sensitive silver halide emulsion sub-layer having high sensitivity is provided between a first green-sensitive silver halide emulsion sub-layer of high sensitivity and a second green-sensitive silver halide emulsion sub-layer having a lower sensitivity than said first green-sensitive sub-layer, said first green-sensitive sub-layer and/or said red-sensitive sub-layer with high sensitivity giving a maximum color density of formed dye in said material higher than 0.6 but not exceeding 1.3.

Abstract: A process of preparing a silver halide emulsion comprising mixing a water-soluble silver salt solution with a water-soluble halide solution in the presence of a protective colloid. Silver halide grains are formed which are octahedral or tetra decahedral silver iodobromide containing at least 4 mol % silver iodide. A tetrazaindene compound is added to the mixture before the completion of the addition of the silver salt solution.