Abstract: An endoscope includes a forceps-control member movably mounted in a forward region of the elongate portion which is adapted to be inserted into a body cavity for selectively projecting and retracting forceps from and into the forward region of the insertion portion and an operating wire having one end connected to the forceps-control member and extending to the manipulator unit through an operating wire guide tube such that the projection and retraction of the forceps is controlled from the manipulator unit through the displacement of the operating wire.

Abstract: A curvature control mechanism in an endoscope is disclosed. The endoscope is of the type which has a manipulator unit to which a flexible tubular member is connected and whose front end region constitutes a bendable portion. A knob member is rotatably mounted on the manipulator unit and control wires extend from the manipulator unit through the flexible member to the bendable portion so the latter can be bent by the wires in a selectively controlled manner through rotation of the knob. The curvature control mechanism includes a double cylinder type drum device including two drums fixedly mounted on a rotary shaft coupled to the knob.

Abstract: A focusing screen holding device for a single-lens reflex camera including a focusing screen, a focusing screen holding frame including focusing adjusting screws, a focusing screen retaining spring, and a hinge on one leaf of which the focusing screen retaining spring is mounted and which has an outer end with a hook engagable with the camera body. The second leaf of the spring is fixedly secured to the camera body so that the focusing screen holding frame is swingable about the shaft of the hinge. The focusing screen is accessible through the lens mount opening to replace and adjust the position of the focusing screen.