Abstract: Disclosed are radiation systems and methods, including a system that includes a waveguide to direct radiation from a first radiation source, a covering to cover at least part of the waveguide and one or more optical fibers embedded in the covering to direct radiation from a second radiation source. Also disclosed is system that includes a hollow waveguide assembly including a proximal portion and a distal portion that can be coupled to the proximal portion at a coupling area, the hollow waveguide assembly being configured to direct radiation from a first radiation source to an output port at a distal end of the distal portion of the hollow waveguide assembly, and a coupling unit to couple into the distal portion of the hollow waveguide assembly radiation from a second radiation source and the radiation from the first source delivered through the proximal portion.