Abstract: A nerve protection barrier having a compression resistant covering which surrounds and protects a portion of the nerve from impingement by surrounding tissues. The compression resistant covering has a radial dimension which is larger than the outer diameter of the nerve, and an axial dimension which is long enough to protect at least a portion of the nerve which is at risk of impingement by surrounding tissues. The compression resistant covering being resistant to compression in the radial dimension, while being flexible in the axial dimension and is formed from one or more bio-compatible materials selected from the group consisting of polymers, metals, alloys, ceramics and composites thereof. The compression resistant covering may also protect the nerve from the surrounding chemical environment. The nerve protection barrier may further contain time released therapeutic drugs/medications.