Abstract: Provided is a botulinum toxin producing method which is simple achieves a high toxin yield, and obtains a toxin having high specific activity. This botulinum toxin producing method includes: (A) a step in which a botulinum toxin is produced from botulinum toxin-producing bacteria in a medium, and a mixture a is obtained which contains a botulinum toxin, a bacterial component, and a nucleic acid component derived from the botulinum toxin; (B) a step in which the mixture a is subjected to the removal of the bacterial component, and a mixture b is obtained which contains a nucleic acid component and a botulinum toxin; (C) a step in which an endonuclease is added to the mixture b and a mixture c is obtained which contains a nucleic acid degradation product and a botulinum toxin; and (D) a step in which the mixture c is subjected to removal of the nucleic acid degradation product, and an isolated botulinum toxin liquid d is obtained.

Abstract: A liquid discharge apparatus includes a discharge head having a nozzle row, a conveyor is configured to convey a discharge target medium, a head mover configured to move the discharge head in an orthogonal direction, a head rotator configured to rotate the discharge head, and circuitry configured to perform a position setting operation to cause the head mover to move the discharge head to a position in the orthogonal direction, a discharging operation to cause the discharge head to discharge a liquid at the position, a medium conveying operation to cause the conveyor to convey the discharge target medium, and a changing operation to cause the head mover to change the position of the discharge head, and cause the head rotator to rotate the discharge head based on a length of droplets of the liquid landed on the discharge target medium by the above-described operations.

Abstract: A liquid discharge apparatus includes a discharge head having a nozzle row, a conveyor is configured to convey a discharge target medium, a head mover configured to move the discharge head in an orthogonal direction, a head rotator configured to rotate the discharge head, and circuitry configured to perform a position setting operation to cause the head mover to move the discharge head to a position in the orthogonal direction, a discharging operation to cause the discharge head to discharge a liquid at the position, a medium conveying operation to cause the conveyor to convey the discharge target medium, and a changing operation to cause the head mover to change the position of the discharge head, and cause the head rotator to rotate the discharge head based on a length of droplets of the liquid landed on the discharge target medium by the above-described operations.

Abstract: A liquid discharge apparatus includes a first nozzle row group including at least two nozzle rows to discharge a first color liquid, shifted in the sub-scanning direction; a second nozzle row group including at least two nozzle rows to discharge a second color liquid, arranged in the main scanning direction; a main scanning device; a sub-scanning device; and circuitry to cause the first nozzle row group to discharge the first color liquid to positions corresponding to a plurality of pixels to form a first area on the recording medium, in accordance with scanning in the main scanning direction and the sub-scanning direction in a first sequence; and cause the second nozzle row group to discharge the second color liquid to positions corresponding to a plurality of pixels to form a second area on the recording medium, in accordance with scanning in the main scanning direction and the sub-scanning direction in a second sequence.

Abstract: An analysis substrate including a substrate having at least a first surface made of a dielectric or a semiconductor, and a metal film provided on the first surface of the substrate, wherein the metal film has multiple non-deposition areas which are provided as an island-like gap shape having a length of 1 ?m or less in a long axis direction in the metal film and in which there is no metal and the first surface is exposed, wherein the sheet resistance of a surface of the metal film at 25° C. is 3 to 5,000?/?.

Abstract: A liquid discharge apparatus includes a first nozzle row group including at least two nozzle rows to discharge a first color liquid, shifted in the sub-scanning direction; a second nozzle row group including at least two nozzle rows to discharge a second color liquid, arranged in the main scanning direction; a main scanning device; a sub-scanning device; and circuitry to cause the first nozzle row group to discharge the first color liquid to positions corresponding to a plurality of pixels to form a first area on the recording medium, in accordance with scanning in the main scanning direction and the sub-scanning direction in a first sequence; and cause the second nozzle row group to discharge the second color liquid to positions corresponding to a plurality of pixels to form a second area on the recording medium, in accordance with scanning in the main scanning direction and the sub-scanning direction in a second sequence.

Abstract: An electronic apparatus includes a processor for which log information is obtained, a signal monitor configured to monitor monitored signals and detect a change in a changed monitored signal of the monitored signals, and a data acquirer configured to capture groups of signals associated with the monitored signals. The monitored signals include signals for controlling a start of the processor and signals indicating status of power supply to the electronic apparatus. When the change in the changed monitored signal is detected by the signal monitor, the data acquirer stores values of one of the groups of signals associated with the changed monitored signal as a portion of the log information in a storage device.

Abstract: An end position detection device includes a light emission unit including plural light sources for plural colors, respectively, each of the light sources being configured to emit line-like light of one of the colors which is long in a width direction to a conveyance object, the width direction being orthogonal to a conveyance direction of the conveyance object; a light reception unit including plural light reception elements, each configured to receive reflected light from the conveyance object and output a signal corresponding to a received amount of light, arranged in an array in the width direction; and a detection unit configured to detect an end position in the width direction of the conveyance object based on the signals output from the light reception elements in a case where the light sources for the respective colors simultaneously emit light to the conveyance object.

Abstract: An electronic apparatus includes a processor for which log information is obtained, a signal monitor configured to monitor monitored signals and detect a change in a changed monitored signal of the monitored signals, and a data acquirer configured to capture groups of signals associated with the monitored signals. The monitored signals include signals for controlling a start of the processor and signals indicating status of power supply to the electronic apparatus. When the change in the changed monitored signal is detected by the signal monitor, the data acquirer stores values of one of the groups of signals associated with the changed monitored signal as a portion of the log information in a storage device.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, the A/D conversion unit includes a ?? modulating device which samples the analog electric quantity provided by the electric power system with a predetermined modulation frequency and outputs a bit stream changing over time of single bit obtained by performing ?? modulation, and the digital operation processing unit includes one or more digital filters which inputs the bit stream from the ?? modulating device and of which frequency characteristics differ according to a type of protection control operation, and one or more operation processing elements which perform different kinds of protection control operation processing, based on the bit stream provided by the digital filter.

Abstract: An end position detection device includes a light emission unit including plural light sources for plural colors, respectively, each of the light sources being configured to emit line-like light of one of the colors which is long in a width direction to a conveyance object, the width direction being orthogonal to a conveyance direction of the conveyance object; a light reception unit including plural light reception elements, each configured to receive reflected light from the conveyance object and output a signal corresponding to a received amount of light, arranged in an array in the width direction; and a detection unit configured to detect an end position in the width direction of the conveyance object based on the signals output from the light reception elements in a case where the light sources for the respective colors simultaneously emit light to the conveyance object.

Abstract: A protection relay device includes: an analog-to-digital converter that samples an analog signal inputted from an analog input unit and converts the analog signal into digital data; a variable filter that filters and outputs the digital data, the variable filter having a filter coefficient that is varied by external control; and an adaptive controller that variably controls the filter coefficient of the variable filter so that a difference between the digital data filtered by the variable filter and a target signal decreases.

Abstract: A protection relay device includes: an analog-to-digital converter that samples an analog signal inputted from an analog input unit and converts the analog signal into digital data; a variable filter that filters and outputs the digital data, the variable filter having a filter coefficient that is varied by external control; and an adaptive controller that variably controls the filter coefficient of the variable filter so that a difference between the digital data filtered by the variable filter and a target signal decreases.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, the A/D conversion unit includes a ?? modulating device which samples the analog electric quantity provided by the electric power system with a predetermined modulation frequency and outputs a bit stream changing over time of single bit obtained by performing ?? modulation, and the digital operation processing unit includes one or more digital filters which inputs the bit stream from the ?? modulating device and of which frequency characteristics differ according to a type of protection control operation, and one or more operation processing elements which perform different kinds of protection control operation processing, based on the bit stream provided by the digital filter.