Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing an optically active fluoro compound represented by formula (3) through reaction between a specific fluoroamine and an optically active diol; and a process for producing an optically active fluoroalcohol through hydrolysis of the optically active fluoro compound. According to the process of the present invention, such optically active fluoro compounds and optically active fluoroalcohols can be produced at high optical purity and high yield in a simple manner. Such optically active fluoroalcohols are a useful source for producing drugs, pesticides, and other functional chemicals.

Abstract: A multilayer structure comprising a conductor layer, an adhesive layer, and a polymer film layer interposed between the conductor layer and the adhesive layer. The multilayer structure can be used to provide a multilayer wiring board having excellent electrical properties and an excellent balance of physical properties, high heat resistance, a narrow pitch wiring pattern, a small-diameter via, uniform insulating layer thickness, an appropriately low coefficient of linear expansion, and stable adhesiveness between a metal and the polymer film. The polymer film layer may contain at least one repeating unit represented by formula (1) in the molecule. The present invention also provides a multilayer wiring board obtained from the multilayer structure.

Abstract: A dynamic range compression processing and a plurality of other predetermined image processings are separately carried out on an original image data. A dynamic-range-compressed image is displayed on the basis of image data obtained by carrying out the dynamic range compression processing on the original image data and a plurality of otherwise-processed images are displayed on the basis of a plurality of pieces of image data obtained by carrying out the other predetermined image processings on the original image data. An otherwise-processed image is displayed on the basis of image data which is obtained by carrying out the other predetermined image processing on the same original image data as the original image data of the dynamic-range-compressed image which is displayed upon switching action by the operating means.

Abstract: An object of present invention is to provide a diamine and an acid dianhydride having photoreactivity and thermoreactivity and a polyimide composition containing the diamine and the acid dianhydride as monomer components, and specifically to synthesize a diamine and an acid dianhydride having a photoreactive and thermoreactive group containing a double bond or triple bond such as cinnamic acid, chalcone, benzalacetophenone, stilbene, coumarin, pyrone, allyl, propargyl, and acetylene or a derivative skeleton thereof so as to exhibit photoreactivity and thermoreactivity specific to the reactive group, thereby providing a polyimide composition containing the diamine and the acid dianhydride.

Abstract: A method of fluorination comprising reacting monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, composite saccharides formed by bonding of these saccharides with proteins and lipids and saccharides having polyalcohols, aldehydes, ketones and acids of the polyalcohols, and derivatives and condensates of these compounds with a fluorinating agent represented by general formula (I) thermally or under irradiation with microwave or an electromagnetic wave having a wavelength around the microwave region. In accordance with the method, the fluorination at a selected position can be conducted safely at a temperature in the range of 150 to 200° C. where the reaction is difficult in accordance with conventional methods. The above method comprising the irradiation with microwave or an electromagnetic wave having a wavelength around the microwave region can be applied to substrates other than saccharides.

Abstract: A power control apparatus includes a latch relay interposed between a power source and electronic control units, and a control section changed into an operative state when connected to the power source upon closure of a first switch, and supplies a drive current to a reset coil of the latch relay, thereby disconnecting power supply from the power source to the control units, when second switches are operated in a predetermined operation pattern.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus includes: an image-processing history storing unit for storing details of image processing performed for a medical image of a patient to correspond to a name of the patient; an image acquisition unit for newly obtaining a name of a patient and a medical image in such a manner that they correspond to each other; an image-processing details extraction unit for extracting the details of image processing stored in the image-processing history storing unit to correspond to the name of the patient newly obtained by the image acquisition unit; and an image processing unit for performing image processing having details that are the same as the extracted details of image processing, for the medical image newly obtained by the image acquisition unit.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for easily producing a high-molecular weight polyimide resin at high yield by drying and heating a mixture mixed by material monomers of polyimide.

Abstract: There is provided a copper foil with an insulating adhesive which is excellent in that an insulating adhesive layer has low dieletric constant, low dieletric loss tangent and high adhering force at a normal temperature and a high temperature, and steps for manufacturing a multilayer printed circuit board can be shortened due to the presence of a copper foil on which a circuit can be formed by etching or the like. An insulating adhesive composition containing as an essential component an organic compound having at least two alkenyl groups having the reactivity with a SiH group in one molecule, and a silicon compound containing at least two SiH groups in one molecule and a copper foil are incorporated.

Abstract: In an image processing order system using a network, the amount of programs or data to be transferred can be reduced when a program for image processing (including data to be used) is transferred from a server computer of a service provider to a personal computer of a user. Each image is stored as low resolution image data for use on a personal computer of a user, and high resolution image data that is used for generating a processed print by a service provider. Furthermore, plural kinds of at least a portion of parts of a program for the processing are stored in a hard disc of the server computer, depending on resolution. When a mask processing program is transferred to a user, only the procedure for the mask processing and low resolution mask data are transferred, and high resolution mask data are not. In this manner, the amount of data to be transferred can be reduced.

Abstract: An arbitrary cross section of an object is designated and a depth perpendicular to the designated cross section is designated. A cross-section projected-image data representing a cross-section projected-image obtained by projecting, onto a plane parallel to the designated cross section, averages of the pixel values arranged in the directions of depth in the region defined by the designated cross section and the designated depth including the designated cross section is generated. Image processing conditions are set on the basis of analysis of the cross-section projected-image data, Image processing is carried out on the cross-section projected-image data on the basis of the image processing conditions and an image is displayed on the basis of the processed cross-section projected-image data.

Abstract: A data communication system comprising a terminal unit for generating light signals responsive to status of switches and a control unit for receiving the signals spatially propagated and controlling operation of a predetermined load, wherein switches 11 and 12 are interposed between plus and minus lines 51 and 52 as power lines for supplying electric power from the control unit to the terminal unit, and connected in series with respective resistors R1 and R2 having different values of resistance, and the minus line is grounded in the control unit 30 through resistor R0. Potential of the minus line changes in response to switches 11 and 12, and electronic signals indicative of the status of the switches are transmitted to the control unit separately from the light signals. Thus, even if the spatial propagation of the light signals is interrupted, the control over the operation of the load is secured.

Abstract: A dynamic range compression processing and a plurality of other predetermined image processings are separately carried out on an original image data. A dynamic-range-compressed image is displayed on the basis of image data obtained by carrying out the dynamic range compression processing on the original image data and a plurality of otherwise-processed images are displayed on the basis of a plurality of pieces of image data obtained by carrying out the other predetermined image processings on the original image data. An otherwise-processed image is displayed on the basis of image data which is obtained by carrying out the other predetermined image processing on the same original image data as the original image data of the dynamic-range-compressed image which is displayed upon switching action by the operating means.

Abstract: Novel polyimides substituted by a substituent having an alkyl or fluoroalkyl group and having reduced water absorption; a process for producing these novel polyimides; and novel acid dianhydrides to be used in the production thereof. A polyimide containing a structure represented by the following general formula (I): wherein X1 represents a tetravalent organic group having a substituent —R1AR2 (wherein A represents a divalent linkage group; R1 represents a single bond or a C1-3 alkylene group; and R2 represents a C1-25 alkyl group or a fluoroalkyl group); and Y represents a divalent organic group.

Abstract: A multilayer structure comprising a conductor layer, an adhesive layer, and a polymer film layer interposed between the conductor layer and the adhesive layer. The multilayer structure can be used to provide a multilayer wiring board having excellent electrical properties and an excellent balance of physical properties, high heat resistance, a narrow pitch wiring pattern, a small-diameter via, uniform insulating layer thickness, an appropriately low coefficient of linear expansion, and stable adhesiveness between a metal and the polymer film. The polymer film layer may contain at least one repeating unit represented by formula (1) in the molecule. The present invention also provides a multilayer wiring board obtained from the multilayer structure.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an epoxy modified polyimide, which is a resin capable of treating at a low processing temperature and having an excellent heat resistance; photosensitive composition; coverlay film, which is excellent in electrical insulation property, heat resistance for soldering, film-formability, flexibility, and chemical resistance; solder resist; and printed wiring board. The epoxy modified polyimide is obtained by synthesizing polyimide having a hydroxy group or carboxy group and subsequently reacting the polyimide with an epoxy compound. The photosensitive composition is obtained by adding a photoreaction initiator or the like to the epoxy modified polyimide. The coverlay film and the solder resist can be formed from the photosensitive composition. The printed wiring board is produced using the coverlay film and the solder resist.

Abstract: In the case where an image data set stored in a recording medium of an image server or the like is linked to a Web page, an error message is prevented from being shown even if the image data set is deleted. Confirmation means confirms a storage period for the image data set. If the storage period has expired, character image generation means generates a character image data set of the same format and having the same file name as the image data set. The character image represented by the character image data set indicates deletion of the image data set. Compression means compresses the image data set and the compressed image data set is stored in another recording medium. The image data set is then deleted. When an access to the image data set is attempted, the character image data set is referred to.

Abstract: Novel polyimides substituted by a substituent having an alkyl or fluoroalkyl group and having reduced water absorption; a process for producing these novel polyimides; and novel acid dianhydrides to be used in the production thereof.

Abstract: In an image processing order system using a network, the amount of program or data to be transferred is reduced when a program for image processing (including data to be used) is transferred from a server computer of a service provider to a personal computer of a user. Each image is stored as low resolution image data to be used on a personal computer of a user and high resolution image data to be used for generating a processed print by a service provider. Furthermore, plural kinds of at least a portion of parts of a program for the processing are stored in a hard disc of the server computer, depending on resolution. When a mask processing program is transferred to a user, only the procedure for the mask processing and low resolution mask data are transferred, and high resolution mask data are not. In this manner, the amount of data to be transferred is reduced.

Abstract: Novel polyimides substituted by a substituent having an alkyl or fluoroalkyl group and having reduced water absorption; a process for producing these novel polyimides; and novel acid dianhydrides to be used in the production thereof. A polyimide containing a structure represented by the following general formula (I): wherein X1 represents a tetravalent organic group having a substituent —R1AR2 (wherein A represents a divalent linkage group; R1 represents a single bond or a C1-3 alkylene group; and R2 represents a C1-25 alkyl group or a fluoroalkyl group); and Y represents a divalent organic group.