Abstract: Although compounds for treating or ameliorating malignant diseases have been proposed, patients had to endure a large burden since many of such compounds could not be orally ingested. Mangiferin has an effect of ameliorating malignant diseases through oral ingestion. However, such effect is minor and realistically it was not easy to ingest mangiferin. Further, in order to develop more effective pharmaceutical agents and the like for treating malignant diseases, it has been considered constantly necessary to obtain new or improved forms of an existing medical agent for inhibiting kinases such as NIK. Compounds represented by formula (1), formula (2), formula (3), formula (4), formula (5), formula (6), formula (7), formula (8), formula (9), formula (10), formula (11), and formula (12) have an effect of ameliorating malignant diseases through oral ingestion, and can exhibit said effect with an amount less than that for mangiferin.

Abstract: [Problem] COVID-19 caused by coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, cytokine release syndrome, cytokine release syndrome with CAR (chimeric antigen receptor)-T therapy, sepsis, systemic inflammatory response syndrome, hemophagocytic syndrome, macrophage activation syndrome, influenza, GVHD, systemic vasculitis, Kawasaki disease, Takayasu arteritis, and other diseases, if severe, can cause acute respiratory distress syndrome, disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome, acute circulatory insufficiency, multi-organ failure, and other symptoms which are one of the causes of death. [Solution to Problem] Compounds represented by formulas (1) to (4) are effective when taken orally and can be expressed in smaller amounts than mangiferin.

Abstract: An electron capture type detector for gas chromatography has an ionization vessel containing therein line sources for a radioactive isotope serving as a negative electrode, a collector electrode, a purge gas route, a discharge gas route, and an end of a column disposed at its lower section. The collector electrode includes a filament made of a heat resistant material and itself connected to a heating device such that the filament can be heated to about 300.degree.-600.degree. C. so as to eliminate contaminants deposited on the collector electrode by thermal decomposition, oxidation or reduction, without the necessity of disassembling the detector itself. The contaminants are effectively removed by simultaneously causing air or hydrogen gas to pass over the collector electrode through the ionization vessel from the purge gas route to the discharge gas route.